한국문헌정보학회지 (Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science)

한국문헌정보학회 (Korean Society For Library And Information Science)
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화제한어 '도서관' 명칭의 변용과 쟁점에 관한 연구

A Study on the Transformation and Issue of the Japanese-Chinese Word 'Library'

  • 윤희윤 (대구대학교 문헌정보학과)
  • 투고 : 2023.01.16
  • 심사 : 2023.02.13
  • 발행 : 2023.02.28
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⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

도서관(図書館)이란 말은 일본 메이지 중기에 서양의 library와 bibliothek를 번역한 화제한어다. 이를 한자문화권의 중국(도서관(图书馆)), 대만(도서관(圖書館)), 한국(도서관), 베트남(Dồ thư quán)이 수용하였다. 그렇다면 일본과 중국에서는 언제, 누가 서양 도서관을 최초로 소개하였는가. 일본의 중론은 계몽사상가 후쿠자와(福澤諭吉)의 『서양사정(西洋事情), 1866』이고, 중국은 개혁사상가 양계초(梁启超)의 『시무보(时务报), 1896년』 기사를 최초로 지목하는 견해가 많다. 이에 본 연구는 양국에 서양 도서관을 소개한 근대 사전, 저서, 역서, 논문, 신문기사 등을 중심으로 '도서관'이란 명칭이 등장한 시기와 인물을 추적하고 논증하였다. 그 결과, 일본에서는 모도끼(本木正栄)의 『안게리아어림대성(諳厄利亜語林大成), 1814』를 비롯한 여러 견문기 및 사전에서 다양한 용어로 서양 도서관을 기술하였기 때문에 1866년 후쿠자와 소개설은 오류다. 그리고 중국에서는 류정담(刘正埮)의 『한어외래사사전(汉语外来词词典), 1884』에 도서관이란 용어가 최초로 등장하므로 1896년 양계초 도입설은 사실이 아니다. 동일한 맥락에서 한국에서 도서관이란 용어가 최초로 사용된 시기, 1901년 일본홍도회 부산지회가 설립한 한국 최초의 도서관 명칭에 대한 추적과 논증이 요구된다.

The word library(図書館) is a Japanese translation of the Western library or Bibliothek in the mid-Meiji period. This word has been accepted in Chinese(图书馆), Taiwan(圖書館), Korea(도서관), and Vietnam(Dđồ thư quán), which are Chinese-speaking countries. If so, when and who first introduced the term library to Japan and China? In Japan, the enlightenment thinker Fukuzawa's 『Seiyo Jijo, 1866』 is regarded as the first document to introduce the Western library, and in China, the article published in 『Qing Yi Bao, 1896』 by the reformed thinker Liang Qichao referred to as the first example. Therefore, this study traced and demonstrated the time and person in which the word library appeared, focusing on modern dictionaries, books, translations, papers, and newspaper articles that were introduced in both countries. As a result, the theory of the introduction to Fukuzawa in 1866 is wrong because Western libraries are described in various terms in many diaries and dictionaries, including Motoki's 『An English Japanese Dictionary of the Spoken Language, 1814』. Also, in China, the theory of introduction of Liang Qichao in 1896 is not true because the term library first appeared in Ryu Jeong-dam's 『A Dictionary of Loan Words and Hybrid Words in Chinese, 1884』. In the same context, it is necessary to trace and argue the history of the first use of the term library in Korea and the name of the first library in Korea established by the Busan Branch of the Japan Hongdo Association in 1901.

키워드

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