KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources in the Gyeongan-cheon Watershed Using Multiple GCMs

다중 GCM 미래 기후자료를 이용한 경안천 유역의 수자원에 대한 기후변화 영향 평가

  • Kim, Chul-Gyum (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology) ;
  • Cho, Jaepil (Integrated Watershed Management Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hyeonjun (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
  • 김철겸 (한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부) ;
  • 조재필 (유역통합관리연구원 유역관리융합센터) ;
  • 김현준 (한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부)
  • Received : 2019.11.20
  • Accepted : 2020.01.07
  • Published : 2020.02.01
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Abstract

This study analyzed the effects of future climate change on water resources in the Gyeongan-cheon watershed of the Han River. Considering the uncertainties of GCM climate data, future data using 16 GCMs and SQM downscaling method are used. And SWAT model was applied to simulate the hydrological changes from the past to the future. The maximum to minimum difference according to GCM for the future period (2010-2099) was about 1,500 mm of annual precipitation, 150 mm of evapotranspiration, 1,380 mm of runoff, and the deviation from the mean was -40 % to +60 % of precipitation, ±15 % of evapotranspiration, -60 % to +90 % of runoff, which means that the variability is very high according to GCM. The impacts of climate change over the three future periods showed that precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff were expected to increase gradually toward the far future (2070-2099), and would be relatively larger under the RCP 8.5 scenario. On a monthly basis, it was analyzed that precipitation and runoff increased in July to September, while the evapotranspiration decreased in July and August, and increased in September and October. The results of this study are expected to be helpful in understanding the future climate impacts of various GCM data and the uncertainties associated with GCMs.

본 연구에서는 한강수계 경안천 유역을 대상으로 미래 기후변화가 수자원에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 기후모형에 따른 미래 전망자료의 불확실성을 고려하여 총 16개 GCMs에 의한 미래 기후자료와 SQM 상세화기법을 이용하여 경안천 유역을 대상으로 미래 기후자료를 도출하고 유역모형인 SWAT을 적용하여 과거부터 미래의 장기간에 대한 수문학적 변화를 분석하였다. 미래기간에 대해 GCM에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과 연간 강수량은 1,500 mm, 증발산량은 150 mm, 유출량은 1,380 mm, 평균값 대비 강수량은 -40 % ~ +60 %, 증발산량은 ±15 %, 유출량은 -60 % ~ +90 %로서 GCM에 따른 변동성이 크게 나타났다. 미래기간을 3개 기간으로 구분하여 기간별 기후변화 영향을 분석한 결과, 강수량, 증발산량, 유출량 모두 미래 후반기(2070~2099년)로 갈수록 점차 증가하며, RCP 8.5 시나리오 하에서 상대적으로 더 크게 증가할 것으로 전망되었다. 월별로는 미래 후반기로 갈수록 7~9월을 중심으로 강수량과 유출량이 증가하는 반면, 증발산량은 7월과 8월에 감소하고 9월과 10월에 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 다양한 GCM 자료에 따른 미래의 기후영향을 이해하고, GCM 기후자료에 따른 미래 기후영향의 불확실성을 판단하는데 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Keywords

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