Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation (한국시뮬레이션학회논문지)

The Korea Society for Simulation (한국시뮬레이션학회)
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Ground Clutter Modelling and Its Effect of Detection Performance in FOD FMCW Radar

FOD 탐지 FMCW 레이다에서 지면 클러터 모델링 및 탐지성능에 대한 영향 분석

  • Received : 2018.10.11
  • Accepted : 2018.12.05
  • Published : 2018.12.30
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Abstract

This paper deals with ground clutter model for FOD (foreign object debris) surveillance FMCW (frequency modulated continuous waveform) radar. In the FOD surveillance radar, it has received not only the signals reflected by FOD, but also the clutters of the surface of the runway and the grassland simultaneously. However, to detect the FOD, the clutter rejection algorithm is necessary because the RCS (radar cross section) of FOD is nearly same to RCS of the grassland. In addition, it is difficult to apply the MTI (moving target indicator) algorithm as the clutter rejection algorithm because both the FOD and the clutter coexist stationarily. Hence, to remove the stationary clutter, it is crucial to accurately generate clutter map considering the surface of road. In this paper, in order to generate the clutter map, the respective beat signal at every range bin is generated in the case of only the surface without FOD, and then the beat signal accumulated 100 times. And also, Weibull distribution is applied to the RCS value to take the scattering distribution of clutter into consideration. The simulation results show that FOD can be well detected by applying the generated clutter map to the FOD FMCW radar.

본 논문에서는 FOD (foreign object debris) FMCW (frequency modulated continuous waveform) 레이다에 대한 지상 클러터 모델링 및 검출 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 레이다 수신신호에는 FOD에 의해 반사된 신호 뿐 만 아니라 활주로 표면 및 잔디영역에 의해 반사된 신호까지 포함된다. FOD의 RCS (radar cross section)가 잔디영역의 RCS와 거의 같기 때문에 클러터 제거 알고리즘을 적용하지 않으면 FOD의 검출이 어렵다. 또한, FOD와 클러터 모두가 움직이지 않기 때문에, 대표적 클러터 제거 알고리즘인 MTI (moving target indicator) 기법의 적용이 어렵다. 따라서 클러터 맵을 이용한 클러터 제거 기법이 필요하고, 이를 위해서는 활주로 표면을 고려한 클러터 맵을 정확하게 생성하는 것이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 신뢰도 높은 클러터 맵을 생성하기 위해 FOD가 없는 표면의 경우에만 모든 범위의 레인지 빈에 대해 각각의 비트신호를 생성하고, 생성된 비트 신호를 100번 누적하였으며 RCS 값에 웨이블 분포를 적용하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 생성된 클러터 맵을 FOD FMCW 레이다에 적용함으로써 FOD가 제대로 검출됨을 보인다.

Keywords

SMROBX_2018_v27n4_61_f0001.png 이미지

Fig. 1. FMCW radar waveform

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Fig. 2. Ground Clutter

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Fig. 3. Runway Model

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Fig. 4. RCS Simulation Result in the runway

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Fig. 5. Simulation results of the characteristics of the received signal with only surface clutter

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Fig. 6. Generation of surface clutter and clutter cancellation algorithm

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Fig. 7. Simulation results of the characteristics of the received signal with FOD and surface clutter

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Fig. 8. Signal to clutter ratio according to RCS

Table 1. Parameters of runway model

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Table 2. Coefficients according to surface types

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Table 3. Parameters of radar system

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