Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지)

The Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도저온학회)
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Correction of resonance frequency for RF amplifiers based on superconducting quantum interference device

  • Lee, Y.H. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Yu, K.K. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Kim, J.M. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Lee, S.K. (Ultra-low Magnetic Field Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Chong, Y. (Quantum Information Team, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science) ;
  • Oh, S.J. (Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science) ;
  • Semertzidis, Y.K. (Center for Axion and Precision Physics Research, Institute for Basic Science)
  • Received : 2018.12.22
  • Accepted : 2018.12.30
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Low-noise amplifiers in the radio-frequency (RF) band based on the direct current (DC) superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) can be used for quantum-limited measurements in precision physics experiments. For the prediction of peak-gain frequency of these amplifiers, we need a reliable design formula for the resonance frequency of the microstrip circuit. We improved the formula for the resonance frequency, determined by parameters of the DC SQUID and the input coil, and compared the design values with experimental values. The proposed formula showed much accurate results than the conventional formula. Minor deviation of the experimental results from the theory can be corrected by using the measured geometrical parameters of the input coil line.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Structure of the SQUID-based RF amplifier. One end of the input coil is left open, and the RF signal is applied to the other end of the input coil and the ground. Input RF signal Vi applied to the input coil generates current in the input coil which is converted to magnetic flux via mutual inductance Mi. To adjust the flux bias in the SQUID, DC current IΦ is applied to the SQUID.

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Fig. 2. Cross-sectional view of the microstrip line. (a) Multiturn input coil is separated by a dielectric layer from the SQUID washer. (a) Side view showing the vertical structure.

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Fig. 3. Structure of SQUID loop and input coil. (a) Octagonal SQUID washer and multi-turn octagonal coil. (b) Linewidth (w) and space (s) of the input coil line.

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Fig. 4. Design of SQUID amplifier. (a) Whole SQUID layout. (b) Details of the design around the Josephson junction area.

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Fig. 5. Package for SQUID mounting.

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Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of the measurement setup.

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Fig. 7. Gain curve of a SQUID amplifier.

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Fig. 8. Resonance frequency vs. number of input coil turn in type-A resonator. (a) Calculated for input coil with 4 μm linewidth and 3 μm space (○), (b) measured frequency (□), and (c) recalculated frequency using the measured linewidth and space dimensions (Δ).

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Fig. 9. Resonance frequency vs. number of input coil turns in type-B resonator. (a) Calculated for input coil with 8 μm linewidth and 3 μm space (○), (b) measured frequency (□), and (c) recalculated frequency using the measured linewidth and space dimensions (Δ).

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Fig. 10. Resonance frequency vs. number of input coil turns in type-C resonator. (a) Calculated for input coil with 2 μm linewidth and 2 μm space (○), (b) measured frequency (□), and (c) recalculated frequency using the measured linewidth and space dimensions (Δ).

TABLE 1 MEASURED AND CALCULATED RESONANCE FREQUENCY FOR SIX MICROSTRIP SQUID AMPLIFIERS WITH DIFFERENT SQUID INDUCTANCE L AND INPUT COIL TURNS N. MODIFIED FROM [4].

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TABLE 2 SQUID PARAMETERS FOR TYPE-A RESONATOR.

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TABLE 3 SQUID PARAMETERS FOR TYPE-B RESONATOR.

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TABLE 4 SQUID PARAMETERS FOR TYPE-C RESONATOR

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