Resources Recycling (자원리싸이클링)

The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling (한국자원리싸이클링학회)
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Application and Type of Magnetic Separator

자력선별장비의 유형과 활용

  • Lee, Sang-hun (Dept. of Environmental Science, Keimyung University) ;
  • Yang, Injae (Institute of Mine Reclamation Tech., Mine Reclamation Corp.) ;
  • Choi, Seungjin (Institute of Mine Reclamation Tech., Mine Reclamation Corp.) ;
  • Park, Jayhyun (Institute of Mine Reclamation Tech., Mine Reclamation Corp.)
  • 이상훈 (계명대학교 환경학부 환경과학전공) ;
  • 양인재 (한국광해관리공단 광해기술원) ;
  • 최승진 (한국광해관리공단 광해기술원) ;
  • 박제현 (한국광해관리공단 광해기술원)
  • Received : 2018.10.23
  • Accepted : 2018.11.27
  • Published : 2018.12.28
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Abstract

Magnetic separators has been used in the mining and the recycling fields in general, and is still applied in wide variety of fields. It is classified into the equipments for separating coarse ferrous scrap from non-ferrous materials and the equipments for concentrating fine ferromagnetic particles below 3mm. Magnetic separation equipments for concentrating fine materials also falls into two categories of low intensity and high intensity magnetic separators. The former is used for ferromagnetic materials but also paramagnetic materials of high magnetic susceptibility, and the latter for paramagnetic materials of lower magnetic susceptibility. Both low and high intensity magnetic separators could be utilized either dry and wet. Recently, the High gradient magnetic separators(HGMS) used in the range of less than 0.7 tesla has been gradually replaced by the magnetic separator made of rare earth permanent magnets commercialized in the 1980s. In addition, the expansion of nanotechnology in terms of synthetic magnetic materials in the environmental and biological fields is expected to contribute positively to the development of magnetic separation technology.

자력선별장비는 일반적으로 광산업 및 재활용 분야에서 사용되어 왔으며, 다양한 분야에서 폭넓게 활용되고 있다. 자력선별장비는 비철재료로부터 철 스크랩 분리를 위한 조립자용 선별장비와 3 mm 이하 미립 강자성체를 농축하기 위한 미립자용 선별장비로 구분된다. 또한 미립자용 선별장비는 저자력 선별장비와 고자력 선별장비로 세분된다. 저자력 선별장비는 강자성체나 높은 자화율의 상자성체를 분리하는데 사용되고, 고자력선별장비는 낮은 자화율의 상자성체를 분리하는데 사용된다. 저자력 및 고자력 선별장비 모두 습식과 건식으로 활용된다. 최근 0.7 Tesla미만 영역에서 활용되는 전자석 고구배자력선별장비는 1980년대 이후 상용화된 희토류 영구자석으로 제조된 자력선별장비로 점진적으로 대체되는 추세이며, 환경분야와 생물분야에서 합성자성물질과 관련된 나노기술의 확대는 향 후 자력선별기술의 발전에 긍정적으로 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Typical Magnetisation curves of Ferromagnetic (magnetite), Paramagnetic (hematite) and Diamagnetic (Quartz) materials (redrawn from Lawver and Hopstock, 1974).

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Fig. 2. Concept of forces acted on particle contained ferromagnetic material.

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Fig. 3. Suspended electromagnetic separators for tramp metal collection.

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Fig. 4. Types of permanent magnetic separator for tramp metal collection.

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Fig. 6. Wet low intensity drum magnetic separators (redrawn from David & Michael, 2002).

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Fig. 5. Dry low intensity drum magnetic separator.

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Fig. 7. Movements of particles in wet drum magnetic separators.

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Fig. 8. Concept of Wetherill-Rowand (or Cross belt) magnetic separator.

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Fig. 9. Concept of Induced roll magnetic separator.

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Fig. 10. Batch wet high gradient magnetic separator.

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Fig. 11. Continuous wet high intensity magnetic separator.

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Fig. 12. Schematic representation of Vortex Magnetic Separator (VMS).

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Fig. 13. Metal matrix types held in WHIMS and SLON HGMS.

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Fig. 14. Concept of Rare earth drum magnetic separator.

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