Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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Performance Evaluation of a Natural Smoke Ventilator in Jeju

배연창의 개방층 설정방식에 따른 배연성능 평가 연구(제주지역 중심으로)

  • Lim, Chae-Hyun (Dept. of Fire and Disaster Prevention, Jeju International University)
  • 임채현 (제주국제대학교 소방방재학과)
  • Received : 2015.10.13
  • Accepted : 2015.12.30
  • Published : 2016.02.29
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Abstract

This study analyzed the performance of smoke exhaustion installed to secure the life safety from the smoke each opening modes, as performing the simulation on the Jeju regions generating to strong windy using CONTAM. We assessed the effectiveness of the system under conditions of high external winds as well as an ambient wind conditions. It also assessed the relative effectiveness of opening all vents versus opening only those vents which served rooms in which the fire was located. This study revealed external winds exerted a substantial impact on the performance of the smoke ventilation system. It was found that opening the ventilation system in the room containing the fire resulted in a greater performance than opening vents in both fire in all rooms. The reduced performance of the smoke ventilation system upon the opening of all vents is thought to be due to the intrusion of outside air, and the establishment of unfavorable air circulation, caused by the negative pressure generated in the building.

본 연구에서는 연기로부터 재실자의 안전을 확보하기 위해 설치되는 배연창의 개방층 설정방식에 따른 배연성능을 바람이 강한 제주지역을 대상으로 CONTAM 모델링 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 분석되어진 결과는 육지와 큰 차이를 보이는 제주도의 지형과 특정 외기온도 및 외기풍속 등, 대표적인 변수에 대한 배연창의 배연성능에 대한 평가연구로 경향성을 판단하는데 한정되어야 한다. 분석결과, 배연창의 개방이나 외부 바람의 영향은 건축물의 중성면을 상승시켜 배연창의 배연성능에 많은 영향을 초래하는 것으로 나타났다. 배연창의 개방층 설정방식에 따른 배연성능은 화재층 개방방식이 가장 우수하게 나타났으며 화재층 및 직상층 개방방식은 화재층 개방방식보다 조금 성능이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 전 층 개방방식의 경우 배연성능이 아주 떨어져 외기의 다량 유입으로 배연성능을 전혀 기대할 수 없는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

  1. C. H. Lim, B. G. Kim, Y. J. Yeo and Y. H. Park, "The Influence of Natural Smoke Ventilators and Wind Velocities on the Stack Effect in High-rise Buildings", Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 20-26 (2008).
  2. C. H. Lim, B. G. Kim and Y. H. Park, "Mass Flow Rates and Performance of Natural Smoke Ventilators in High-rise Buildings", Fire Science and Engineering, Vol. 23, No. 6, pp. 91-97 (2009).
  3. MOLIT, "Regulation for Facility in Building", Ministry Land, Infrastructure and Transport (2015).
  4. NIST, "CONTAM User Guide and Program Documentation", National Institute of Standards and Technology, p. 139 (2013).
  5. MOLIT, "Building Energy-saving Design Standards", Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (2014).
  6. C. H. Lim, "The Influence of Natural Smoke Ventilators on the Stack Effect and Smoke Control in High-rise Building Fires", Hoseo University PhD Thesis, p. 77 (2008).
  7. NFPA, "NFPA92A, Standard for Smoke-Control Systems Utilizing Barriers and Pressure Differences", National Fire Protection Association, p. 22 (2006).
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