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Experiment Research for Wax Appearance Temperature Determination of Opaque Oil

석유생산 시 유동안정성 확보를 위한 불투명 오일의 왁스생성온도 결정 연구

  • Kang, Pan-Sang (Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Hwang, Soon-Hye (Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Son, Bi-Ryong (Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University) ;
  • Lim, Jong-Se (Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University)
  • 강판상 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 황순혜 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 손비룡 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 임종세 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)
  • Received : 2015.03.17
  • Accepted : 2015.06.17
  • Published : 2015.06.30

Abstract

Wax deposition hinders oil flow assurance. Huge amount of money and time were required for mitigation of wax deposition in the oil field. For prediction and mitigation of wax deposition problem, Wax Appearance Temperature(WAT), which is the temperature at which the first wax crystals start to form, needs to be measured in advance. There is a standard method which is optical way to measure the WAT of transparent oil. However, standard method cannot be applied to opaque oil which is common produced oil in the field. In this study, WAT of three transparent oil samples were measured using heat flux variation analysis, viscosity variation analysis and density variation analysis, and compared with WAT measured by standard method. As a result, WAT measured by density variation analysis is the more reliable than heat flux variation analysis and viscosity variation analysis. WAT of two opaque oils were measured using density variation analysis.

석유의 생산 과정에서 발생하는 왁스(wax)와 같은 고형물의 생성 및 집적은 유동안정성 확보(flow assurance) 문제를 발생시켜 안정적인 석유 생산을 방해할 수 있으며, 현장에서는 이를 해결하는데 많은 시간 소모와 경제적 손실이 발생할 수 있다. 왁스집적 문제는 왁스가 생성되기 시작하는 온도인 왁스생성온도 이하의 조건에서만 발생하므로 왁스집적 문제를 예측하고 제어하기 위해서는 오일의 왁스생성온도를 사전에 필수적으로 파악해야한다. 컨덴세이트와 같은 투명 오일의 왁스생성온도는 광학적 기술인 표준측정법이 적용되는 반면 대부분의 현장에서 생산되는 불투명 오일에는 적용이 어려운 한계점이 있다. 이 연구에서는 3가지의 투명 오일시료에 열유량 변화 분석, 점도 변화 분석, 밀도 변화 분석 기법을 적용하여 파악한 왁스생성온도와 표준기법으로 측정한 값과 비교하여 밀도 변화 분석 기법이 가장 신뢰도가 높은 것을 확인하였고 이 기법을 2종류의 불투명 오일시료에 적용하여 왁스생성온도를 결정하였다.

Keywords

References

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