KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
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An Experimental Study for Drainage Capacity Improvement of Waterway with Steep Slope

급경사 사면 도수로의 배수능력 개선을 위한 실험적 연구

  • 김정수 (부천대학교 토목과) ;
  • 김주형 (경기대학교 대학원 토목공학과) ;
  • 윤세의 (경기대학교 공과대학 토목공학과)
  • Received : 2013.07.23
  • Accepted : 2013.10.22
  • Published : 2013.11.30
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Abstract

In general, the waterway was installed for drain water from steep slope and waterway cover was set up to prevent overflow and water separation at berm of waterway. In this study, hydraulic experiment was conducted to analyze the flow characteristics and enact standard design criteria of the waterway. Hydraulic experimental apparatus which can change the slope of waterway and the length of berm were installed to analyze of flow characteristics at the waterway. The slopes of waterway were $40^{\circ}$, $50^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, and $70^{\circ}$ and the range of discharge were 1.0~5.6 ${\ell}/s$. The flow in berm was distinguished two types such as hydraulic jump and splash flow. These kinds of flows depended on the rates of discharge in waterway. When inlet discharge was below 1.1~2.0 ${\ell}/s$, the separation phenomenon of water was generated at upper and lower portion in berm by the splash flow. The scattering range of water particles and length of water separation was measured depending on the slope of waterway. The start point of scattering was about 20 cm(1.3B) from the place connected upper waterway with brem and the length of water separation was till 210 cm(3.5B) from the place connected lower waterway with brem. Therefore, the waterway cover needed to install from starting of berm to 1B and from the lower part of berm to 3.5B.

일반적으로 도수로는 급경사 사면에서 발생되는 유출량의 배수를 위하여 설치되는 구조물이며, 이러한 도수로에서의 월류 및 유수 이탈을 방지하기 위하여 소단부에 도수로 덮개를 설치하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 비탈면의 배수에 중요한 구조물이 도수로에서의 흐름특성 및 구체적인 설계기준을 제시하기 위하여 수리실험 연구를 수행하였다. 도수로에서의 흐름특성을 분석하기 위하여 도수로의 경사와 소단 길이의 변화가 가능한 수리실험 수로를 제작하고, 유입 유량을 변화시켜가면서 수리실험을 실시하였다. 도수로의 경사는 $40^{\circ}$, $50^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $70^{\circ}$로 변경하였으며, 실험유량의 범위는 1.0~5.6 ${\ell}/s$로 선정하였다. 수리실험 결과 도수로 내로 유하되는 유량에 따라 소단 내 흐름은 도수 흐름과 튐으로 구분되었으며, 도수로 경사에 따라 1.1~2.0 ${\ell}/s$ 이하의 유량이 유하될 경우의 튐 흐름은 소단의 상부와 하부에서 각각 유수이탈을 발생시키는 원인으로 판단된다. 또한 도수로 내의 물입자 비산거리는 도수로 경사 변화를 고려하여 실측한 결과 소단 시작점으로부터 약 20 cm(1.3B)지점부터 시작되었으며, 하부 도수로의 경사변화에 따라 실측된 유수이탈 거리는 소단하부로부터 3.5B지점까지 나타났다. 따라서 소단시작지점으로부터 1B지점에서 소단하부로부터 3.5B 지점까지 도수로 덮개를 설치하여야 유수이탈 없이 유수를 유하 시킬 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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