Treatment of Animal Wastewater Using Woodchip Trickling Filter System and Physical and Microbial Characteristics of Wood Chip Media

목편살수여상조를 이용한 축산뇨오수 처리와 목편여재의 물성 및 부착미생물 특성

  • Ryoo, Jong-Won (College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sangji University)
  • Received : 2011.07.30
  • Accepted : 2011.08.22
  • Published : 2011.08.30

Abstract

Trickling filter has been extensively studied for the domestic wastewater treatment especially for the small scale plants in rural area. The purpose of this research is to survey the physical and microbial characteristics of wood chip media and the removal efficiency of animal wastewater using wood chip trickling filter system. The trickling filtration system comprises a filtration bed packed with wood chip media having a particle dia. of 5~7cm. The method comprises natural air from the bottom of the bed. The system also comprises a control mechanism including a time a constant discharge pump for controlling supply of the wastewater into the bed. The following conclusions were obtained from the results of this research. 1. The specific surface area of wood chip was 0.4123 $m^2$/g, pore volume was 0.0947 $cm^3$/g, density was 0.49 g/$cm^3$. It has forms of parallelogram and oblong which have numerous small pore space. This wood chip has been good condition for microorganism's habitat, having very larger specific surface area by complex the three dimension structure of cellulose at wood's major ingredients. 2. The total counts of in attached aerobic microbes were ranged from $10^6$ to $10^8$ CFU/g, and anaerobes microbial numbers were from $10^4$ to $10^7$. The aerobic microbial numbers appeared to be much more than those of anaerobic microbial numbers. 3. The average efficiency of $BOD_5$ and CODcr were 74.5% and 51.5%, respectively. The removal efficiency of T-N and T-P were 61.4%, 56.2%, respectively. But SS removal levels remain 19.3%.

본 연구는 pilot 목편칩 살수여상 공정을 운전하면서 저농도 축산뇨오수 처리시에 오수 처리 특성과 부착 미생물의 특성에 관하여 연구하였다. 목편 살수여상 처리 효율과 목편담체의 부착미생물을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 목편담체는 표면구조가 거칠고 여러 형태의 공극을 볼 수 있었고, 목편압축강도는 섬유방향으로 기건상태에서 34.8 N/$mm^2$ 이었고, 비표면적은 0.4123 $m^2$/g, 세공용적은 0.0947 $cm^3$/g 이었다. 2. 목편담체의 단위면적당 부착미생물량은 1.67~5.43 mg/$cm^3$의 분포를 보였고, 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 4,01 mg/$cm^3$, 제2 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 5.05 mg/$cm^3$로 조사되었다. 부착미생물의 건조밀도는 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 0.275 g/$cm^3$, 제2 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 0.245 g/$cm^3$이었다. 목편담체에 부착된 미생물의 생물막 두께는 0.88~4.11 ${\mu}m$의 분포를 이루고, 제1 목편 살수여상조 평균 157 ${\mu}m$, 제2 목편 살수여상조 평균 2.59 ${\mu}m$의 결과를 얻었다. 3. 부착미생물의 균수 측정에서 호기성균은 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $1.9{\times}10^8$ CFU/ml, 제2 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $2.6{\times}10^7$ CFU/ml ddjT으며, 혐기성균은 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $8.5{\times}10^6$ CFU/ml, 제2목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $5.3{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml로 조사되었다. 4. 살수여상 여과수의 $BOD_5$는 원수에서 비교하여 74.5% 제거되었으며 CODcr 제거효율은 51.5%로서 $BOD_5$ 보다 다소 낮았다. T-N 함량은 처리전 844 mg/$\ell$ 에서 살수여상처리 후 325.5 mg/$\ell$ 로 낮아졌다. T-P 함량은 처리전 127.7 mg/$\ell$ 에서 살수여상 처리 후 55.9로 낮아졌다. 질소, 인의 제거효율도 각각 61.4%, 56.2%를 나타내었다.

Keywords

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