Journal of Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회지)

The Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회)
권호 표지

The Data Envelopment Analysis of Container Terminals to Transshipment Cargo

환적화물의 컨테이너 터미널 효율성 분석

  • Received : 2010.01.31
  • Accepted : 2010.03.22
  • Published : 2010.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper focuses measuring the efficiency of container yards on container terminals in Busan (Gasungdae, Shinsundae, Gamman, New Gamman, Uam, Gamchon, PNC) and Gwangyang(GICT, KEC, Dongbu, KIT) using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) approach. Container terminals in Busan and Gwangyang play an important role in the region's economic development. The results show that Shinsundae was an efficient DMU during the period of 2007 to 2009, while Gamman, New Gamman and PNC were efficient terminals in 2009. The very inefficient terminals were shown to be GICT, KEC, Dongbu and KIT. GICT(2009), KEC(2009), Dongbu(2008-2009), KIT(2009) on Gwangyang Port were found to be relatively the inefficient terminals in terms of the returns to scale. This study also finds that the efficiency of Shinsundae terminal was so high as to be abel to keep its efficiency in spite of the additional increase of the inputs from 2007 to 2009. Gamman terminal was in the decreasing returns to scale in 2009, while the other terminals were in the increasing returns to scale. It means that we are able to improve the efficiency of the Gamman terminal with increasing returns to scale through enlarging the scale.

터미널의 운영은 국가와 지역경제에 영향을 미친다. 부산항과 광양항의 11개 터미널로 GICT, KEC, 동부, KIT, 자성대, 신선대, 감만, 신감만, 우암, 감천, PNC 효율성 분석을 위하여 다양한 DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis)기법들을 이용하여 분석하였다. 신선대, 감만(2007년, 2008년), 신감만(2009년), PNC(2009년)터미널이 규모의 효율성이 1로 나타나 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 신감만과 PNC는 2009년에 가장효율성이 높았다. 광양항의 GICT(2009), KEC(2009), 동부(2008-2009), KIT(2009)터미널은 낮은 효율성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 감만터미널(2009년)이 규모수익체감(DRS)인 것으로 나타났으며 나머지 터미널은 규모 수익체증(IRS)인 것으로 나타났다. 규모 체감인 항만은 운영상의 효율성을 위한 전략이 필요하며, 규모수익체증인 항만은 규모확대를 통한 효율성 전략을 수립하는 것이 요구된다. 신선대 터미널은 2007년과 2009년까지 현재의 투입요소합을 최소 1.5배 이상 늘려도 100%의 효율성을 유지 할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연도별 동태적 효율성 변화추이는 자성대는 계속 상승하고 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. 나호수․이우․이경수, "한국5대 항만의 효율성에 대한 비교연구", 한국항만경제학회지, 제24권 제4호, 2008, pp.25-46.
  2. 이장원․김형기․김성호, "한․중․일 3국의 항만 경쟁력 비교 연구", 국제지역연구, 제11권 제4호, 2008, pp.347-360.
  3. 박병인, "DEA 및 시뮬레이션에 의한 컨테이너터미널의 효율성 평가에 관한연구", 경영과학 제 19권제2호, 한국경영과학회, 2001.3, pp.77-97.
  4. 모수원, "국내항만의 효율성결정요소", 한국항만경제학회지, 제24권 제4호, 2008, pp.349-361.
  5. 류동근, "국내 컨테이너 전용 터미널의 효율성 비교 : DEA접근", 해운물류연구, 제 47호, 2005, pp.21-38.
  6. A. Charnes, W. W. Cooper, and E. L. Rhodes, "Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units", European Journal of Operational Research, 2, 1978 , pp.429-444. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(78)90138-8
  7. Athanasios Ballis, John Golias., "Comparative Evaluation of Existing and Innovative Rail-Road Freight Transport Terminals" Transportation Research Part A 36., 2002, pp.593-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-2615(01)00020-0
  8. Barros, C.P. and Athanassiou, M., "Efficiency in European Seaports with DEA: Evidence from Greece and Portugal", Econ. Logistics, 2004, 6, pp.122-140. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.mel.9100099
  9. Cullinane, K., "The Productivity and Efficiency of Ports and Terminals : Methods and Applications", The Handbook of Maritime Economics and Business, London: LLP, 2002, pp.803-831.
  10. Cullinane, K.P.B., Song, D.-W. and Wang, T., "A Comparison of Mathematical Programming Approaches to Estimating Container Port Production Efficiency", J. Prod. Anal, 2006, 24, pp.73-92.
  11. Cullinane, K.P.B., and Wang, T., A "The Technical Efficiency of Container Ports: Comparing Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analysis", Transporation Research Part A40, 2006, pp.354-374.
  12. Holvad, T., An Analysis of Efficiency Patterns for A Sample of Norwegian Bus Companies, Mimeo, 2001, p.282. (http://www.trg.dk/td/papers/apers01/K01-tra/Holvad 606.pdf)
  13. L. M. Seiford and J. Zhu, "Infeasibility of Super-Efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis Models", INFOR, Vol.37 N0.2, 1999, pp.175-176.
  14. Thanassoulis, E., "Data envelopment analysis and its use in banking", Interface, Vol. 29 No. 3, 1999, pp.1-13. https://doi.org/10.1287/inte.29.3.1
  15. Tone, K., "A Slack Based Measure of Efficiency in Data Envelopment Analysis", European Journal of Operation Research, 103, 2001, pp.498-509.
  16. Tongzon, J., Key Success Factors for Transshipment Hubs: The Case of the Port of Singapore, in World Shipping and Port Development, edited by T.-W. Lee and K.P.B. ullinane, 2005, pp.162-180, (Palgrave-Macmillan: Basingstoke)
  17. R. D. Banker, A. Charnes, and W. W. Cooper, "Some Models Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis", Management Science, 30, 1984, pp.107 8-192. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.30.9.1078
  18. Roll, Y. and Hayuth, T., "Port Performance Comparison Applying Data Envelopment Analysis", Maritime Policy and Management Vol.20, No.2, 1993, pp.153-161. https://doi.org/10.1080/03088839300000025
  19. Wang., "The Efficiency of European Container Ports: A Cross-Sectional Data Envelopment Analysis", International Journal of Logistics: Research and Applications., Vol. 9, No. 1, March 2006, pp.19-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/13675560500322417