Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters (한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터)

Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers (한국정보과학회)
권호 표지

A Deadline_driven CPU Power Consumption Management Scheme of the TMO-eCos Real-Time Embedded OS

실시간 임베디드 운영체제 TMO-eCos의 데드라인 기반 CPU 소비 전력 관리

  • 박정화 (한국외국어대학교 컴퓨터공학과) ;
  • 김정국 (한국외국어대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
  • Published : 2009.04.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper presents the deadline driven CPU-Power management scheme for the Real-Time Embedded OS: named TMO-eCos. It used the scheduling scenarios generated by a task serialization technique for hard real- time TMO system. The serializer does a off-line analysis at design time with period, deadline and WCET of periodic tasks. Finally, TMO-eCos kernel controls the CPU speed to save the power consumption under the condition that periodic tasks do not violate deadlines. As a result, the system shows a reasonable amount of power saving. This paper presents all of these processes and test results.

본 논문은 실시간 임베디드 OS인 TMO-eCos의 데드라인 기반 CPU 저전력 관리 기법을 다루고 있다. 해당 저전력 관리 기법은 경성 실시간 시스템인 TMO 시스템을 위한 태스크 순차화 기법에서 도출된 스케줄링 시나리오를 사용한다. 본 연구팀에서 개발한 스케줄링 사전 분석기는 주기적으로 동작하는 태스크의 주기, 데드라인, WCET를 기반으로 오프라인 분석을 실시한다. 최종적으로 TMO-eCos 커널은 CPU의 전력 소모를 줄이기 위하여 주기적인 태스크의 데드라인을 위반하지 않는 범위에서 CPU의 속도를 조절하여 시스템에서 사용하는 소비전력은 줄이게 된다. 본 논문은 이와 같은 과정과 실제 실험결과를 기술한다.

Keywords

References

  1. BURD, T. D., AND BRODERSEN, R W. Energy efficient CMOS microprocessor design. In Procee-dings of the 28th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Volume 1: Archi-tecture(Los Alamitos, CA, USA, Jan. 1995), T. N. Mudge and B. D. Shriver, Eds., IEEE Computer Society Press, pp. 288-297 https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.1995.375385
  2. CHANDRAKASAN, A. P., SHENG, S., AND BRODERSEN, R. W. Low power CMOS digital design. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 27, 4(Apr. 1992), 473-484 https://doi.org/10.1109/4.126534
  3. GOVIL, K., CHAN, E., AND WASSERMAN, H. Comparing algorithns for dynamic speed-setting of a low-power CPU. In Proceedings of the First Annual International Conference on Mobile Com-puting and Networking (Mobi-Com’95), 1995, 13-25 https://doi.org/10.1145/215530.215546
  4. GRUIAN, F. Hard real-time scheduling for low energy using stochastic data and DVS processors. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Low-Power Electronics and Design ISLPED’01 (Huntington Beach, CA, Aug. 2001) https://doi.org/10.1145/383082.383092
  5. LORCH, J., AND SMITH, A. J. Improving dy-namic voltage scaling algorithms with PACE. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS 2001 Conference(Cambridge, MA, June 2001), pp. 50-61 https://doi.org/10.1145/378420.378429
  6. MOSSE, D., AYDIN, H., CHILDERS, B., AND MELHEM, R. Compiler-assisted dynamic power-aware scheduling for real-time applications. In Workshop on Compilers and Operating Systems for Low-Power(COLP'00)(Philadelphia, PA, Oct. 2000)
  7. GPERING, T., AND BRODERSEN, R. Energy efficient voltage scheduling for real-time operating systems. In Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium RTAS’98, Work in Progress Session (Denver, CO, June 1998)
  8. GPOUWELSE, J., LANGENDOEN, K., AND SIPS, H. Energy priority scheduling for variable voltage processors. In Proceedings of the International Sym-posium on Low-Power Electronics and Design ISLPED’01 (Huntington Beach, CA, Aug. 2001) https://doi.org/10.1145/383082.383089
  9. SWAMINATHAN, V., AND CHAKRABARTY, K. Real-time task scheduling for energy-aware em-bedded systems. In Proceedings of the IEEE Real-Time Systems Symp. (Work-in-Progress Session) (Orlando, FL, Nov. 2000)
  10. WISER, M., WELCH, B., DEMERS, A., AND SHENKER,S. Scheduling for reduced CPU ene-rgy. In Proceedings of the First Symposium on Operaing Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI) (Monterey, CA, Nov. 1994), pp. 13-23
  11. AYDIN, H., MELHEM, R., MOSSE, D., AND MEJIA-ALVAREZ, P. Dynamic and aggressive scheduling techniques for power-aware real-time systems. In Proceedings of the 22nd IEEE RealTime Systems Symposium (RTSS’01), 2001
  12. ISHIHARA, T., AND YASUURA, H. Voltage scheduling problem for dynamically variable vol-tage processors. In Proceedings of the Interna-tional Symposium on Low Power and Electronics Design (ISLPED'98), 1998, 197-202 https://doi.org/10.1145/280756.280894
  13. KATCHER, D., ARAKAWA, H., AND STOSNI-DER, J. Engineering and analysis of fixed priority schedulers. IEEE Transactions on Software Engi-neering, 19, 9 (1993), 920-934 https://doi.org/10.1109/32.241774
  14. Kim, K.H. and Kopetz, H., "A Real-Time Object Model RTO.k and an Experimental Investigation of Its Potentials," Proc. 18th IEEE Computer Soft-ware & Applications Conference, pp. 392-402, No-vember 1994 https://doi.org/10.1109/CMPSAC.1994.342772
  15. 김광, "TMO-eCos : 분산 실시간 객체 모델을 지원하는 eCos 기반의 마이크로 운영체제", 한양대학교 컴퓨터공학과 박사학위논문, 2005년 12월
  16. J.G. Kim, M.H. Kim, B.J. Min, and D.B. Im, "A Soft Real-time TMO platform - WTMOS - and Implementation Techniques," Proc. 1st IEEE Inter-national Symposium on object-oriented Real-time Distributed Computing, pp. 254-264, April 1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/ISORC.1998.666796
  17. 김현주, "경성 실시간 TMO 시스템을 위한 효율적인 태스크 순차화 기법", 한국외국어대학교 컴퓨터공학과 박사학위논문, 2008년 7월
  18. 이정환, 김명준, "Design and Implementation for Porable Low-Power Embedded System", 한국정보과학회논문지, 제13권 7호 pp.455, 2007년 12월
  19. T. Sakurai and A. Newton. Alpha-power law MOSFET Model and Its Application to CMOS Inverter Delay and Other Formulas. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 25(2), pp. 584-893, April 1990 https://doi.org/10.1109/4.52187