• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.234-234
• /
• 2017

Recent abnormal weather, especially continued rainfall during sowing season causes difficulty in proper sowing of wheat and delayed sowing after November 15 is concerned about freezing damage during winter, resulting in reduction of wheat yield. To correspond government policy of crop sufficiency improvement and produce and supply raw wheat and barley steadily, expansion of cultivation area is necessary and spring sowing of wheat is required. To obtain basic information on the improvement of spring sown wheat and barley production, comparison and path coefficients analysis was conducted for yield and yield related components from autumn and spring sown wheat and barley. Path analyses were known as very useful in clarifying the effects of yield components on grain yield formation, which were not accurately reflected in simple correlation anaylses. Most cultivated 5 wheat and 9 barley cultivars were sown on October and February at Cheon-ju province according to standard sowing method. For the spring sowing of wheat and barley, the varieties having vernalization degree I~III are seeded in the mid of February and seeding rate is 200~250kg/ha which is increased by 25% than autumn sowing. N-fertilizer of 95 kg/ha and the same amount of P, K dressed in autumn are applied at once as basal fertilizer. The magnitude of direct effect in each yield components on yield was in sequence as follows. In autumn wheat, grain number per $spike{\geq}$ the number of spike per $m^2$>1000-grain weight and in spring wheat, grain number per $ spike{\geq}the$ number of spike per $m^2$> 1000-grain weight. In autumn naked barley, 1000-grain weight> the number of spike per $m^2$, grain number per spike and in spring barely, the number of spike per $m^2$> grain number per spike > 1000-grain weight. In autumn covered barley, grain number per spike>the number of spike per $m^2$ and in spring coverd barley, the number of spike per $m^2$> grain number per spike, 1000-grain weight. In autumn malt barley, the number of spike per $m^2$>1000-grain weight and in spring malt barley, the direct effects of three yield components were similar. According to the path analysis of yield components for spring sown wheat and barley, it was suggested that adequate number of spike per $m^2$ was most important factor for yield increase.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.14
• /
• pp.41-45
• /
• 1973

This study was carried out in the central part of Korea in 1972 to investigate optimum grain number per square meter and variation of the yield and its components in the direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field. The results could be summarized as follows; 1. Number of maximum tillerings was directly increased with increase of grain number from 120 to 280 per square meter and it was gradually decreased with increase of number sowing grain. So number of maximum tillerings showed at the plot of 280 grain per square meter. Also it was showed remarkable competition at the plot more than 280 grain per square meter. 2. Percentage of effective tiller was decreased with increase of number of sowing grain from 120 to 280 per square meter and after it was gradually decreased with increase of number of sowing grain. 3. It was not remarkable competition in plot less than 1, 000 tillering per square meter on the number of maximum tillerings. 4. It was remarkable positive correlation between the number of panicle and the number of sowing grain, but it was tendency to negative correlation between the number of panicle and the number of spiklets per panicle, and between the number of panicle and the ripening ratio. 5. Correlation coefficient between the yield and the number of spiklet per square meter of land area was 0.929, r=0.695 in the yield and the number of panicle, r=0.796 in the number of panicles and the number of spiklets per square meter Also in rank correlation, it was showed most highly positive correlation(r=0.954) between the yield and the number of panicles, so number of panicles was most largely dominated on yield among the yield components in direct sowing culture on irrigated paddy field. 6. It was producted highest yield in the plot of 280 grain sowing per square meter.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.354-354
• /
• 2017

Rice grain yield is determined by crop dry matter production that is sensitive to temperature. Our objective was to determine whether the difference in temperature between years had an impact on the relationship between yield components and grain yield. Field experiments were conducted under machine transplanting cultivation by using yield data of two japonica rice varieties, Odaebyeo (early maturing) and Nampyeong (mid-late maturing), in 2013 to 2016 in Suwon, Korea. Plant height, dry weight, and yield components were examined by analysis of variance, correlation. The milled rice yield of the two varieties were the highest in 2016, however the lowest yields were observed in the different years. In 2016, Odaebyeo produced $0.96t\;ha^{-1}$ greater milled rice yield than in 2015, and Nampyeong produced $1.11t\;ha^{-1}$ greater yield than in 2013. The correlation analysis indicated that spikelet per panicle (R = 0.53) was associated with grain yield of Odaebyeo. In Nampyeong, biomass at heading date (R = 0.74), 1000-grain weight (R = 0.71), spikelet per panicle (R = 0.58), and panicle number per $m^2$ were associated with grain yield. Sink size (spikelet number per $m^2$) of the two varieties responded to accumulative temperature from transplanting to panicle initiation stage. In this experiment, optimal accumulative temperature before panicle initiation has effect on increased spikelet number and/or number of panicle that were mainly responsible for yield difference. Rice production research to increase grain yield should consider all yield components, but increased emphasis on biomass production before heading is also necessary as well as grain ripening conditions.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.104-108
• /
• 2002

In order to obtain basic information for selecting early maturing rice varieties which is suitable for early cropping before Alisma plantago in the southern part of Korea. Six rice varieties were grown from May to August in 2002 at Youngjeon Experiment Field, Sunchon and yield components and yield of plants were investingated. Early maturing rice cv. Grubyeo showed higher rough rice yield than any other varieties used in the experiment. It showed high yield components, such as culm length, panicle length, number of panicles per plant, number of spikelets per panicle and ratio of ripened grains. Therefore, it was concluded that Grubyeo was the most suitable variety with high yield for the cultivation before growing of Alisma plantago at the southern part of Korea. The heritability of culm length number of spikelets per panicle and rough rice yield were high and that of panicle length number of panicle per plant, ratio of ripened grain and 1,000 grain wt. of milled rice were low. According to the result of path coefficient analysis, characters highly correlated with rough rice yield showed large direct effects on rough rice yield.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.6-10
• /
• 1997

Ninety-four collections of domestic ginger were evaluated for plant hight, leaf number, stem number, leaf length and width, rhizome yield per plant revealed good variability in stem number and rhizome yield per plant. Moderate variation was observed in plant hight, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width and stem diameter. Rhizome yield per plant was positively correlated with six characters, and leaf number, plant height and stem diameter were positive significant correlation with rhizome yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis indicated that stem number, followed by leaf number, stem diameter, had maximum direct effects on rhizome yield per plant. Maximum indirect effect was observed in case of plant height through leaf number. The indirect effects of leaf length and leaf width through leaf number, and plant height, leaf length and leaf width through stem diameter were also observed. From the selection point of view, the characters like plant height, stem number and leaf number per clump may be considered suitable in choosing a good genotype.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.159-164
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between yearly variations of climatic elements and yearly variations of productivity in malting barley. In addition, correlation coefficients among yield and yield components were estimated. The data of yield and yield components were investigated for 10 years from 1991 to 2000. The meteorological data gathered at the Yeosu Weather Station for the same period were used to find out the relationships between climatic elements and productivity. Yearly varation of the amount of precipitation in December and January were large with coefficients of variation(c. v.) of 97.9, 51.3%, respectively, but the variation of the maximum temperature and minimum temperature in April were relative small. Yield, weight of 1,000 grains and culm length were greatly with c. v. of 37.3, 49.3 and 41.3%, respectively. spike length and number of spikes show more or less c. v. of 3.8, 24.7% respectively and number of grains per spike show still less variation with c. v. of 9.4%. Correlation coefficients between temperature of mean, maximum and minimum in February and seed yield and yield components were positively significant at level of 5.1%, respectively. Correlation coefficients between precipitation of April and seed yield were positively significant correlation at the level of 5.1 %, respectively, but the duration of sunshine in April and seed yield were negatively significant at the level of 5.1%, respectively. Correlation coefficients of those, yield components and yield, culm length, spike length, number of grains per spike, number of spikes per $m^2$, weight of 1,000 grains and seed yield were positively significant at the level of 5.1 % respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1988

This experiment were carried out to study the heritability, genotypic, pheno-typic and environmental correlation in four edible oil crops. Heritabilities of flowering date, maturing date, plant height and weight of 1, 000 grains in rape were high. A highly significant positive correlation was found between flowering date and maturing date, plant hight and ear length, number of pods per ear and flowering date, maturing date and plant hight, The number of seed per pod showed also significant positive correlation with flowering or maturing date as well as with the relationship between weight of 1, 000 grains and plant height or ear length inrapeseed, respectively. Heritabilities of maturing date, length of stem with eapsule and number of seed per capsule were high, in sesame. Genotypic correlation between plant height and length of stem with capsule, length of stem with capsule and number of capsule per plant, number of capsule per plant and weight of 1, 000 grains, weight of 1, 000 grains and yield were highy positive in sesame. Heritabilities of flowering date, length of main stem, weight of 100 grains and number of shells per square meter in peanut were high, There was positive genotypic correlation between length of main stem and yield, number of shells per quare meter and matured seed ratio, number of shells per square meter and yield, 100 grains weight and yield. On the other hand, a significant negative correlation appeared between flowering date and yield. Heritabilities of days to flowering, stem length, stem diameter and weight of 1, 000 grains in perila were high. There was positive genotypic correlation between stem length and stem diameter, number of pods per plant, stem weight etc, between number of internodes and number of pods per plant, stem weight, number of valid branches and number of pods plant as well, respectively. While, a significant negative correlation was observed between number of valid branches and weight of 1, 000 grains, between number of pods per plant and weight of 1, 000 grains.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.51 no.7
• /
• pp.584-592
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sowing date on yield component and yield in sprout-soybean. Six sprout-soybean cultivars were planted on three sowing dates in 2000 and 2001. 100-seed weight, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds, number of pods per plant, and ratio of empty pods distinct differences between sowing dates and cultivars. All yield components except the 100-seed weight and number of seeds per pod diminished recording where the sowing day will be late. The ratio of pods with two or three seeds was 77.5 from 80.9 percents. The ratio of two-seed pods were affected by sowing date. The yield of soybean of May 25 sowing was 290 kg/10a followed by June 15 and July 5 sowing with 269 kg/10a and 221 kg/10a, respectively Late sowing greatly decreased the yield of Doremikong, while yields of Tawonkong were more a less stable. In 2000, yield showed positive correlation with number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, dry weight, leaf area, and oil content. While yield of 2001 showed positive correlation with number of nodes on main stem, stem thickness, number of pods per plant, dry weight, and leaf area.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.11
• /
• pp.99-103
• /
• 1972

In order to clarify the relationship between the characters and the influence of each character on the yield of perilla, correlation coefficients and path coefficients were calculated. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. A highly significant positive correlation was found between stem length and stem diameter, number of pods per plant, stem weight, respectively. Number of internodes showed also significant positive correlation , with number of pods per plant, stem weight, respectively as well as the relationship between number of valid branches and number of pods per plant. On the other hand, a significant negative correlation was appeared between number of valid branches and l000-grain weight as well as the relationship between number of pods per plant and l000-grain weight. 2. It seemed to be clear that stem weight, number of pods per plant, l000-grain weight, number of valid branches and stem diameter have direct and positive influence on the yield of perilla. 3. Indirect influence was observed between stem length and stem weight, between number of valid branches and number of pods per plant, and between number of pods per plant and stem weight, respectively. 4. It may be concluded that the yield of perilla is positively correlated with stem length, number of valid branches, number of pods per plant, l000-grain weight and stem weight.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.8
• /
• pp.1093-1098
• /
• 2017

Objective: The aim of the current study was to describe the relationship between milk yield and lactation number, stage, length and milking frequency in Korean Holstein dairy cows using an automatic milking system (AMS). Methods: The original data set consisted of observations from April to October 2016 of 780 Holstein cows, with a total of 10,751 milkings. Each time a cow was milked by an AMS during the 24 h, the AMS management system recorded identification numbers of the AMS unit, the cow being milking, date and time of the milking, and milk yield (kg) as measured by the milk meters installed on each AMS unit, date and time of the lactation, lactation stage, milking frequency (NoM). Lactation stage is defined as the number of days milking per cows per lactation. Milk yield was calculated per udder quarter in the AMS and was added to 1 record per cow and trait for each milking. Milking frequency was measured the number of milkings per cow per 24 hour. Results: From the study results, a significant relationship was found between the milk yield and lactation number (p<0.001), with the maximum milk yield occurring in the third lactation cows. We recorded the highest milk yield, in a greater lactation length period of early stage (55 to 90 days) at a $4{\times}$ milking frequency/d, and the lowest milk yield was observed in the later stage (>201 days) of cows. Also, milking frequency had a significant influence on milk yield (p<0.001) in Korean Holstein cows using AMS. Conclusion: Detailed knowledge of these factors such as lactation number, stage, length, and milking frequency associated with increasing milk yield using AMS will help guide future recommendations to producers for maximizing milk yield in Korean Dairy industries.