• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.109-125
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• 1987

Previous studies show that working wives in the market contribute to the family economy that affects the family member's behaviors as consumers. Accordingly, the consumer behavior among working wives would be differ form that among nonworking wives. As the number of working wives in the market is increasing, this study focuses on the estimation of the degree of rationality in purchasing decision making among wives in relation to their working status. Therefore, this study attempts to construct an rationality index of a purchasing decision making both at a high and a low involvement situation by working and nonworking wives, and analyzes the differences in the results of the two groups. This study also examines how the rationality indices vary with the selected socioeconomic variables. The data are obtained from self-administered questionnaires from a sample of 217 working and 191 nonworking wives at Seoul and Seongnam in 1986. The statistical methods used in this study are Factor Analysis, Multiple Regression, and Analysis of Variances. The major findings of this study are as follows; 1) The mean value of the rationality index among nonworking wives is higher than that among working wives. Under a high involvement situation, the mean value of the rationality index among working wives is negative. Therefore, it is likely that nonworking wives make purchasing decisions more rationally than working wives. 2) The higher the degree of wive's education, the more rational the purchasing decision making. Under a low involvement situation, the higher the monthly family income, the more rational the purchasing decision making . under the same situation, the shorter the duration of marriage , the more rational the purchasing decision making. 3) Under a low involvement situation, the rationality indices of working wives vary with their occupations. The rationality indices among those in selling and service jobs are lower than those among those in professional jobs. 4) The impact of the selected socio-economic variables on the degree of the rationality in purchasing decision making differs depending on whether the wife is working or not. Under a low involvement situation, the positive impact of the monthly family income on the rationality in purchasing decision making is stronger among nonworking wives than among working wives. Under the same situation, the negative impact of the duration of marriage on the rationality is stronger among nonworking wives than among working wives.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.35-45
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• 2001

The purposes of this study are to identify the factors associated with the degree of role conflict and the likelihood of exits of the labor force of working wives and to investigate the relationship between the role conflict and job quitting behavior of working wives. The major results of this study are as follows. First, the ratio of reservation wage relative to wife's earnings, wife's earnings, husband's behavioral support, the presence of child under age of 6, the type of occupation, and job satisfaction are associated with the role conflict of working wives. Second, there is a significant difference in the job quitting behavior of working wives according to the degree of role conflict of working wives. Third, the level of role conflict, educational level, the ratio of resonation wage relative to wife's earnings, husband's behavioral support, the presence of child under age of 6, the type of occupation, and job satisfaction are associated with the likelihood of job quitting of working wives.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to compared the length of working hours and its effects on family life for Korean and Japanese full-time working couples. For this study, the survey used structured questionnaires and time diaries(one weekday and holiday), and the data were collected in the fall of 1995. A subsample of full-time working couples, 82 couples from Seoul and 79 couples from Tokyo, was used for the purpose of this study. The major findings are as follows; 1) On average, the weekday working hours of Korean husbands were longer than Japanese husbands(11 hours 31 minute, 10 hours 52 minutes a day, respectively). Wives in both countries worked almost identical lengths of time (9 hours 2 minutes in Korea and 8 hours 42 minutes in Japan). Working hours of husbands were longer than those of wives in both countries. Husbands' overtime. Almost (90%) of our Korea sample worked 6 days or 5 1/2 days per week, however the majority (69%) of our Japanese sample worked only 5 days per eek. 2) More Korean husbands and wives reported that their family life was constrained by wives working hours than their Japanese counterparts did. 3) All wives in both countries reported that the husbands long working hours has effects on quality family time. Korean wives perceived that their working hours had effects on time spent on child care, however Japanese wives perceived that their working hours affected their personal time and housework time. Korean husbands agreed with their wives working hours negatively affected their personal leisure time. Japanese husbands reported that their working hours negatively affected their sleeping time.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.173-185
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• 1996

The purpose of this study were to understand the types of preferences to housewives' employment of husbands and wives, and to explore the differences in the personal, the family, and the job-related variables regarding such types of preferences. For this study, the employed housewives with children aged under 10 year were surveyed. The results of this study were as follow; 1) Types of perferences to housewives' employment of husbands were smaller compared to wives'. This may mean that husbands' traditional values related to child rearing and education, and housework influenced on their preferences to wives' employment. 2) There were significant differences in the types of preferences to housewives' employment regarding the types of wives' occupation. Wives working in the white color jobs were prefered themselves' employment more than wives working in the blue color jobs. 3) The group that both wives and husbands prefere housewives' employment was more positively perceived the effects of women's employment on both wives themselves and their children. Also such couples were satisfied more than and felt family-job strain less than other groups.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.75-88
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of variables related to family and employment on work family spillover in working wives with children. Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women & Families(KLoWF; 2008) of Korea Women's Development Institute was used in this study. The subjects of this study were 733 working wives with children. For data analysis Cronbach ${\alpha}$, and multiple regression were performed. The results show that, first, among variables related to family, family role awareness and marital satisfaction influence on work-family negative spillover, and values on familism and husband's weekends housework hour influence on family-work negative spillover in working wives with children. Second, among variables related to employment, career satisfaction, wife's weekly working hour, husband's perception on employment of wife and sexual discrimination influence on work-family negative spillover, and career satisfaction, husband's perception on employment of wife, employment stability, husband's monthly income and husband's weekly working hour influence on family-work negative spillover in working wives with children. Third, among variables related to family and employment, wife's weekly working hour, family role awareness, marital satisfaction husband's perception on employment of wive, husband's weekly working hour, and career satisfaction influence on work-family negative spillover, and values on familism and wife's weekly working hour influence on family-work negative spillover in working wives with children.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.73-88
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• 1995

the purpose of this study was to compare the consumption of personal and material resources between working wives and full-time housewives and to conceptualize the cost of working wives by the degree of additional consumption of the resources. The proposed costs of working wives included the long working time (time cost), the short leisure time(energy cost), the increase of expenditures fro services and the serious role conflict(psychological cost). Three methods, t-test, simple regression analysis, multiple regression analysis/tobit analysis were used to analyse the differences in consumption of resources between two groups. On the basis of the analysed results, the employment cost of working wives were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.85-99
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• 1995

The major purpose of this research was to investigate the causal relationships among working wives' work-family conflict, socialization of housework, and home management satisfaction. the double ABCX model of family stress and adaptation provided the theoretical framework for this study. the data were recruited from working wives who had more than one pre-school child. The respondents were asked to complete the self-administered questionnaires, and the responses of 536 working wives were used for the final analysis. basically Cronbach's α to the reliability of major variables, frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, pearson's correlation coefficients, and LISREL 7 program were performed to test the research model. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. The frequency of work-family conflict was affected by the flexibility of work time and wives' income. 2. The severity of wok-family conflict was directly influenced by the frequency of the conflict, the flexibility of work-time, and wives' education level. 3. The variables influencing the degree of socialization of housework were found to be the frequency and the severity of work-family conflict, wives' education, and the degree of husband's participation in housework. 4. The higher degree of home management satisfaction was associated with the higher level of family member's health status, the greater degree of the flexibility of work-time, and the greater degree of husband's participation in household labor.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.39-54
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate working wife's employment-related expenditures and perception of economic contribution to the family and to examine the effects of variables on them, The findings showed that household income had the largest effect on employment-related expenditures of working wives. Working wives perceived their economic contributions to the family positively and the economic situation of wives was important. And domestic and childcare service expenditures had effected on their perceptions.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.33-44
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• 1982

The purpose of this study was to investigate clothing behavior of women in Dae Jeon and to find out the relationship between clothing behavior and occupations. Measures selected for this study was‘Creekmore Scales of Eight Clothing Variables’, (Creekmore, 1966). The questionnaires were distributed to women in Dae Jeon including teachers, women working in a government office, women working in a company, nurses, women working in a bank, women working in a department store and the business center, technicians, women working in a merry making place, and house wives. For statistical analyses of the data from 400 respondents, F-test, and t-test were used. The results were as follows: 1. There were partially significant relationship between clothing behavior and occupations. The significant variables were modesty, comfort, approval, and dependence among the eight clothing variables. a) The group of highest interest in modesty and comfort was house wives and the group of lowest interest was women working in a merry making place. b) The group of highest interest in approval was women working in a merry making place and the group of lowest interest was women working in a bank. c) The group of highest interest in dependence was teachers and the group of lowest interest was nurses. 2. Partially significant differences were found in clothing behavior between a working women and house wives: The house wives were more interest in modesty, comfort, management. 3. Partially significant difference were found in clothing behavior between White-collar workers and Blue-collar workers were more interest in attention, approval, interest.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.43-59
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• 2017

This study aimed to analyze time allocation for men who work long hours and their wives. Using 2014 time-use survey data (provided by Statistics Korea), we analyzed the amount of time spent in four areas-paid work, housework, leisure, and life essentials-of male workers who work more than 52 hours a week and of their wives. Descriptive statistics and a paired t-test were conducted using SPSS version 18.0. The results were as follows: First, the time allocation of men who worked long hours differed from their wives with the exception of personal maintenance time. Second, the working time of wives who work long hours was longer than their husbands who work long. Third, men who worked long hours did less housework when their wives were employed than when they were not employed. All the results showed gender differences in terms of time allocation. Equal role-sharing between spouses is needed for the work-life balance of both husbands and wives.