• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.503-510
• /
• 2014

Large scale construction disasters such as recent Noryangjin flooding incident and Banghwadaegyo collapse accident are occurring persistently. Thereupon, the role and responsibility of the various construction participants are considered as major element to reduce disaster at the construction site. Construction industry is a process of building construction object by going through planning, designing, constructing, and maintenance controlling in which various bodies of act, from contractor to designer and builders, participate. However, the subject of current safety supervision is focused on the builder, the contract enterprise which directly employs workers, while the safety activity participation of the contractor, who exerts decision-making authority at the highest level, is excluded. Therefore, this study understands the level of awareness and reality on the safety activity of each construction participants from which the improvement plan on the contractor centered safety management system is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.514-540
• /
• 2013

Today human rights are the most complex and prominent issue in the system of international law, and the right to housing(housing right) is also recognized as a basic human right in the international human right instruments including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This study targets to comprehensive review of the housing rights provisions with 85 international human rights laws and instruments. And the contents and characteristics of housing rights are analyzed with categorization based on housing rights in general, housing rights of workers, socially vulnerable groups, international regional organizations. Housing right takes also the features of universality, indivisibility, interdependence, and right to adequate housing should be interpreted with holistic view including legal security of tenure, accessibility, affordability, location beyond ensuring just a physical housing space. Approaches to the housing right comprehensively reflect the view of the right to development, the perspective of gender equality, the principle of non-discrimination, the participation rights, and orient the housing right should be seen as the right to live somewhere in security(safety), peace and dignity.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.133-146
• /
• 2011

This study evaluates common activity and quality of life in Swedish cohousing units to examine whether Swedish cohousing functions properly or not. A questionnaire survey was fulfilled during the autumn of 2010 in G$\ddot{o}$teborg Sweden. The subjects of study were 12 of 44 cohousing units in Sweden that included 4 of the +40 cohousing and 8 of the mixed-age cohousing. A total of 242 of 353 distributed questionnaires were collected (68.6%) and analyzed by SPSS statistical program. The findings are as follow: 1) General characteristics of the respondents are that they are mostly healthy, evenly aged from age 50s to 70s and highly educated with significant proportions of academics and civil workers. There are more females than males and more singles than cohabitants. 2) The most frequent and preferred common activity is a common meal followed by a coffee meeting. A common dinner, the 'hub of living together' is held almost every day or at least a few times a week. A common meal is considered one of the most important activities because of practical and social advantages in that residents can save time and cooking costs as well as engage in social contact. Referring to evaluation of frequency and content of common activity, more than a half of the respondents prefer the current situation. 3) All of the variables (except health conditions and education level) affect participation in common activity with statistical significance. 4) Most of the respondents indicate a high level of life satisfaction and are willing to recommend others move to cohousing. They agree that there is more mutual support among residents in cohousing units than in a conventional community. In conclusion, Swedish cohousing units function successfully as they have pursued intentional community ideology and most of the residents are proud of their current living situations.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.93-105
• /
• 2008

This study investigates the different characteristics (mainly of community life) in representative intentional communities, between the ecovillage and cohousing, since the different purpose of the establishment of the community might result different characteristics. The study method is data analysis: the analysis material is Community Directory, A Comprehensive Guide to Intentional Communities and Cooperative Living (Rutledge, 2005). Of 750 listed communities, 397 (211 ecovillages and 186 cohousings) communities were analyzed. The findings of the study reveal that there are clear differences of community life between ecovillages and cohousings even though two communities are regarded as similar intentional communities. The similarities between the two communities are as follows: 1) Those mostly distributed in the USA, and established before 2000. 2) Dominant size of intentional communities is less than 20 residents and 20 houses. 3) They make decisions in consensus. 4) They eat together very frequently; at least once a week or more. 5) Shared work is required. The differences between the two communities are as follows: 1) They have different aims of establishment. For instance, ecovillage focus more on eco-living, while cohousing focuses more on the cohousing idea. 2) There are more female residents in cohousings than in ecovillages. 3) There are more cohousings in urban areas with a smaller area of land, contrary to that there are more ecovillages in rural areas with larger areas of land. 4) There are less identified leaders or leadership core groups in cohousing than in ecovillages. 5) Income sharing is more common in ecovillages than in cohousings. According to there findings, it is evident that a different purpose of establishment result in different characteristics of community life even though those belong to the similar category of the intentional community. Thus, it is recommended to adapt the correct characteristics that fit the aim of the community in the establishment an intentional community Topics and discussions about establishing intentional Topics and discussions abut establishing intentional communities could contribute to gather the intentional communities could contribute to gather the interests communities could contribute to gather the interests of residents as well as those of relevant civil-workers and administrators in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.37-60
• /
• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between masseter and cervical muscle activity and temporomandibular disorder in female office workers. Methods : Experimental group of 24 healthy subjects complained of temporomandibular joint related to computer use which lasted more than 3 months in the past year and was present in the past 7 days as well as on the day of test. Control group of 20 healthy subjects had no complaints of minimal discomfort on the day of test, and had no discomfort in the past 7 days. If they had reported discomfort in the past 12 months, it was of a short duration(<3 months) and resolved at least 3 months prior to participation. Outcomes were assessed by meridian-electromyography(MEMG), whole spin x-ray, mandibular function impairment questionnaire(MFIQ), neck disability index(NDI), visual analog scale(VAS), Beck depression inventory(BDI), stress reaction inventory(SRI) and Holmes & Rahe social readjustment rating scale(SRRS). Results : The contraction power of masseter muscle, upper trapezius, sternocleido-mastoid muscle and erector spinae by MEMG was significantly higher in the experimental group. The muscle fatigue of masseter muscle and sternodeido-mastoid muscle by MEMG was significantly higher in the experimental group. SRI was significantly higher in experimental group. There was no significant difference between two groups in the Jackson's angle, Cobb's method and cranio-cervical posture. Conclusions : The results suggest that temporomandibular disorder related mental stress but physical stress does not change cervical structure significantly.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.163-190
• /
• 2018

The citizen-initiative has been frequently mentioned in community building project which is being promoted by Seoul City. The citizen-initiative has become an important concept in the direction of community welfare efforts. However, this concept has not been defined clearly in social welfare. In this context, the purpose of this study is to find how the practitioners of the social welfare practice field recognize the concept of citizen-initiative. In this study, concept mapping method was used to generate 59 statements about the citizeninitiative in 10 social workers in Seoul. Multidimensional scaling analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis are used to do mapping and grouping the 59 statements. The results are as follows. A total of 6 categories were derived. The six categories are named "Inducement of Participation", "Practice", "Procedure", "Awareness and Interest extension", "Expression of Opinion", "Attitude and Emotion". "Practice" category was revealed as a core category in the concept of citizen-initiative. This study is meaningful as a first step to discuss "what is the citizen-initiative?" and to make consensus in social welfare academic area and practice field.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.418-424
• /
• 2020

Background: According to the previous studies, the work-related accident rate decreased in Korea after the introduction of occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS), but there were several disasters in Korea such as subway worker's death at Guui station in 2016 and the Taean thermal power plant accident in 2018, which escalated the social demand for safety. In 2018, OHSMS became an international standard, as ISO45001 was announced. Methods: A survey was conducted to research the implementation status of OHSMS and changes in people's perception, and the results were compared with those of a past survey. Results: Enhanced social demand and various stakeholders' (not only buyer) needs, and social responsibility are perceived as the motivation for the introduction of OHSMS rather than legal compliance or customer demand. In the questionnaire about problems with the implementation of OHSMS, the factors with higher response rate in 2018 than 2004 were "excessive cost" and "complicated documentation management." In the questionnaire about how to promote OHSMS in organizations, most people answered "reduction of workers' compensation insurance rate" in 2004, but most people answered "exemption from health and safety supervision" in 2018. Conclusion: For the effective implementation of ISO45001, emphasis is placed on social demand, training to recognize health and safety as a part of management, and the reduction of certification and consulting costs to promote the introduction of OHSMS. Incentives such as insurance premium cuts and exemptions from health and safety supervision are needed.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.141-159
• /
• 2019

Giving behavior promotes social solidarity and lessens social deprivations by voluntary practices to make better communities. Despite the increasing trend of giving in terms of participation and amount in Korean society, the giving culture has deeply rooted in charitable emotion based on compassion, still far from social solidarity. This paper attempts to identify giving behavior by investigating its characteristics and changes in its motives from the compassion-based social welfare to social responsibility and community solidarity, centering around 'Yellow envelope campaign' started in 2014 to support the living expenses and cost of litigation for the fired workers of Ssangyong Motors. By employing questionnaire survey and in-depth interview, it analyzes the horizontal relationships, reciprocal responsibility, social capital, and pursuit for conflict solution. Even though the campaign didn't change our society as a whole, but it cast the social questions on the birth of social empathy and solidarity.

• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.46-61
• /
• 2019

The Fourth Industrial Revolution has been revolutionizing industry and education. This paper proposes an education platform, Smart Space EduPlatform (SSEP), for the real estate industry, aimed at educating the basic real estate technology (RETech) for workers in the real estate industry so they can achieve the highest and best use of the real estate in the smart environment. The habitat of SSEP is driven by the donation system ensuring sustainability, various technical functions such as tools for content production and learning participation, and learning behavior frameworks each in form of a learner, a teacher, and a helper. Services of SSEP consist of 17 important RETech lectures under 6 categories-planning and design, decision-making, management, economics, construction, and equipment-and project-based learning (PBL) curriculums. The lectures are provided along with video contents, additional learning materials and learning management service, while teachers' workshops, learner invitation and registration management, curriculum operation services are offered for the PBL curriculums.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.147-155
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the research trends of the articles published in the Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services in the past 10 years. Methods: A total of 236 articles published between 2009 and 2018 were analyzed. For analysis of the collected data, frequencies and percentages were calculated using SPSS 23 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Results: Most of the articles (47.9%, 113) were authored by 2 researchers, and most first authors were affiliated with university (81.4%, 192). Most of the articles were presented with 3 key words (34.3%, 81), and the most studied subjects of emergency medical technology was clinical researches (26.7%, 63). The majority of the research was performed quantitatively (99.6%, 235) and retrospectively (72.5%, 171), and research design was the most surveyed (68.2%, 161). For the majority of articles, the size of the sample was less than 100 (35.6%, 84), and the study participants were students (38.1%, 91). Only 12.7% (40) of the articles were reviewed by institutional review boards. Conclusion: In future studies on emergency medical technology, active participation of field emergency workers is needed. In addition, qualitative and prospective studies should be conducted on various types of research subjects.