• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.362-367
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• 2009

Recently, the use of formic acid as a fuel for direct liquid fuel cells has emerged as a promising alternative to methanol. In the work presented herein, we evaluated direct formic acid fuel cells(DFAFCs) with various components under operating conditions, for example, the thickness of the proton exchange membrane, concentration of formic acid, gas diffusion layer, and commercial catalyst. The thickness of the proton exchange membrane influenced performance related to the fuel cross-over. To optimize the cell performance, we investigated on the proper concentration of formic acid and catalyst for the formic acid oxidation. Consequently, membrance-electrode assembly(MEA) consisted of $Nafion^{(R)}$-115 and the Pt-Ru black as a anode catalyst showed the maximum performance. This performance was superior to the DMFCs' one.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.638-643
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• 2017

The 3D laser scanner operates by measuring the distance from the sensor to the target and operates on the same principle as Electronic Distance Measuring (EDM). Recently, 3D laser scanning technology has been rapidly developed in line with the strongly increasing demand for 3D information acquisition. Therefore, it is now possible to more easily acquire geometric information of various objects existing in real space. In this study, we constructed geospatial information by using new equipment which integrated 3D laser scanner and total station, and we suggest the possibility of using new technology for geospatial information construction by comparing and analyzing with existing methods. In the study result, we demonstrated the efficiency of the geospatial information constructed by integration of 3D laser scanner and total station. The proposed method is expected to shorten the time required for data acquisition compared to the existing method using the existing total station. Furthermore, it is possible to use various methods such as cross section analysis and volume calculation using the acquired data. In the future, spatial information construction by integration of 3D laser scanner and total station will help improve work efficiency in related fields.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.529-538
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• 2017

The objectives of this study are to examine and propose a method for establishing a seed story regarding residents of Yongdam 1-dong and to utilize storytelling in establishing town development strategies. Globally, major cities seek urban restoration based on their regional culture and history. Yongdam 1-dong is a downtown area located in Jeju City, South Korea. This study attempts an innovative approach to town-making by storytelling about the residents' lives. The storytelling method may be utilized to establish town development plans in the following ways: 1) To make use of the storytelling method in the town to be introduced in various ways; 2) As an important reference in establishing town development plans; 3) To establish various town-making plans. For example, the method may be used to decide the direction, prepare program contents, plan related festivals, and conduct regional facilitator education programs; and 4) To help experts who participate in voluntary work in the region to understand the town. Using these contents, we can create one of various fields in town development.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.1007-1015
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• 2014

The importance of construction waste reusing and recycling is becoming increasingly large because the demolition industry is in current trend to pursue for sustainable growth. As the considering situation of the domestic housing construction and existing house, a scale of demolition industry is expected to be increased continuously. But the related cost regulations that are used in tendering in the demolition industry are insufficient, also the computer system for estimating the demolition costs have not been developed yet. Therefore, in this study suggests man-hours of 21EA items which are utilized to estimate demolition cost and work rate of $1.0m^3$ breaker which is used mostly in domestic demolition industry after analyzing a case study for deconstruction works. The computer system is developed for the estimating demolition cost easily, which are including five modules such as a project information, a unit cost management, a standard unit cost table, a bill of quantity, and a reporting system. This computer system is possible to apply for estimating cost of both mechanical demolition and blasting demolition. The biggest advantage of this system is to estimate cost to utilize standard WBS which is linked with standard unit table and each DB. This can help unskilled users use easily for it.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.43
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• pp.185-209
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• 2016

Pattern refers to singular or repetitive decorative form in a blank surface, Also pattern is not just something to simply fill in the blanks, and has more meanings. Pattern reflects the specific culture or regional feature. So Depending on which pattern to use, creator can give particular of identity. which is generally utilized in visual arts such as painting, architecture, craft, as well as animation. Pattern in animation plays a role of decorating background or surfaces of characters' outfits or props. And Parttern is effective way to describe the story of the times and space environment of the background. Tomm Moore, an animation director in in Ireland mainly produces animations based on traditional folk stories or myths. He usually utilizes cultural and artistic factors related to the themes in his work production. One example is the insertion of pattern closely associated with the narratives and backgrounds of animations to create profound scenes. Tomm Moore used the Irish Celt pattern in Secret of Kells (2009) and Song of Sea (2014) and Islam geometric pattern and plant pattern in a short nimation named On Love from Kahlil Gibran's The Prophe (2014). This study attempts to examine the historical and cultural foundation and the narratives of these two animations, Song of Sea(2014) and Kahlil Gibran's The Prophet: On Love (2014) in which Tomm Moore participated as the director and producer, exploring their relevant traditional patterns. Moreover, it also attempts to analyze how these traditional patterns are utilized in the animations.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.313-333
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• 2017

As science and technology advanced, specialized and massive, development through mutual cooperation or research based on patent licensing such as material transfer contract, technology transfer contract etc are actively taking place to minimize or separate the cost and risk of R&D. In R&D, such mutual work can enjoy the merit of division of labor by effectively allocating resources and manpower to accomplish its goal. Inevitably, however, there are also many possibilities of disputes regarding the ownership and use of intellectual property rights resulting from such mutual/post-studies, or inventions upgraded by using prior patents. The case reviewed by this paper is noticeable regarding the recent trend of upgraded inventions. In the case, a pharmaceutical company conducted tests/assessments on the complete technology of patent owned by a university on the premise of transferring the technology, and then terminated the technology transfer contract due to reasons of toxicity. The university then filed a damage claim suit against the company for infringing the contract. This is a dispute case betw een a university which developed a potential ingredient for new medicine and a pharmaceutical company which agreed to transfer and receive the technological later on. Regarding the upgraded inventions of source patents, this case has many implications on the protection of prior patents, research contract, and research security to protect the accomplishment of research. This paper reviews the subject ruling and the protection of upgraded patents and source technologies. As critical notes, the paper also summarizes the major issues of case ruling to observe the standard of ruling patent infringement related to the extortion of upgraded patents. Then, through the ruling of the case above, the paper suggests implications and future strategies.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.75-84
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• 2000

GIS has been building for various application fields with the aids of NGIS project, especially numerous municipal governments are building a UIS in the level of local governments' informatization. Although there are some difference between municipal governments' business, still many things are in common. So far, individual municipal governments have developed a UIS for their own use, which lead to duplicated development of the UIS. The component technology has been introduced to remove such duplicated efforts and it enabled maximizing the reusablilty of the UIS already developed. This paper proposes a component design for network analysis of the drinking water to calculate the amount of flow and the head loss. This component design provides the initial water amount to estimate the amount of the network flow and the head loss, thereby supports the decision making such as installation or extension of the pipe network. The process of the component design accompanies the business reengineering to support the standardized business work flow. Also, the design of the network analysis component uses the algorithms induced with UML specification. Based on the component design, the component development has been progressing and the network analysis system would be followed. In the near future, another component to integrate the network analysis and the business related to the drinking water needs to be developed.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.463-477
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the conceptions toward ICT in students who are currently enrolled in giftedness in invention classes. A total of 147 students at the junior and high school level responded to a 33 item questionnaire. Results show that these students consider ICT as very important and that it will become more important in the future. They also indicated that they frequently use ICT in their studies and also in their work. But a majority of the students considered their level of expertise in the ICT area as 'moderate', and their application of the programs as 'elementary'. Thus it can be assumed that these students did not have enough opportunity to learn ICT related skills. These students also expressed the desire to receive systematic instructions in the ICT area beginning from simple application to program development. The students thought that ICT skills need to be incorporated into the invention education to lead to better inventions. Considering the fact that the ICT area is becoming increasingly important and that Korea is considered a representative country in ICT, the reality of ICT education does not stand up to expectations, and the creative software development capacity is relatively low. Therefore, there is a need to incorporate ICT contents into the education for the giftedness in invention classes, and also to form connections with software development and invention education.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.565-586
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• 1998

Like many other school subjects, terminology is a starting point of mathematical thinking, and plays a key role in mathematics learning. Among several areas in mathematics, geometry is the area in which students usually have the difficulty of learning, and the new terms are frequently appeared. This is why we started to investigate geometric terms first. The purpose of this study is to investigate geometric terminology in school mathematics. To do this, we traced the historical transition of geometric terminology from the first revised mathematics curriculum to the 7th revised one, and compared the geometric terminology of korean, english, Japanese, and North Korean. Based on this investigation, we could find and structuralize the following four issues. The first issue is that there are two different perspectives regarding the definitions of geometric terminology: inclusion perspective and partition perspective. For example, a trapezoid is usually defined in terms of inclusion perspective in asian countries while the definition of trapezoid in western countries are mostly based on partition perspective. This is also the case of the relation of congruent figures and similar figures. The second issue is that sometimes there are discrepancies between the definitions of geometric figures and what the name of geometric figures itself implies. For instance, a isosceles trapezoid itself means the trapezoid with congruent legs, however the definition of isosceles trapezoid is the trapezoid with two congruent angles. Thus the definition of the geometric figure and what the term of the geometric figure itself implies are not consistent. We also found this kind of discrepancy in triangle. The third issue is that geometric terms which borrow the name of things are not desirable. For example, Ma-Rum-Mo(rhombus) in Korean borrows the name from plants, and Sa-Da-Ri-Gol(trapezoid) in Korean implies the figure which resembles ladder. These terms have the chance of causing students' misconception. The fourth issue is that whether we should Koreanize geometric terminology or use Chinese expression. In fact, many geometric terms are made of Chinese characters. It's very hard for students to perceive the ideas existing in terms which are made of chines characters. In this sense, it is necessary to Koreanize geometric terms. However, Koreanized terms always work. Therefore, we should find the optimal point between Chines expression and Korean expression. In conclusion, when we name geometric figures, we should consider the ideas behind geometric figures. The names of geometric figures which can reveal the key ideas related to those geometric figures are the most desirable terms.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.259-273
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• 2012

Chalcogenide-based semiconductors, such as $CuInSe_2$, $CuGaSe_2$, Cu(In,Ga)$Se_2$ (CIGS), and CdTe have attracted considerable interest as efficient materials in thin film solar cells (TFSCs). Currently, CIGS and CdTe TFSCs have demonstrated the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 11% in module production. However, commercialized CIGS and CdTe TFSCs have some limitations due to the scarcity of In, Ga, and Te and the environmental issues associated with Cd and Se. Recently, kesterite CZTS, which is one of the In- and Ga- free absorber materials, has been attracted considerable attention as a new candidate for use as an absorber material in thin film solar cells. The CZTS-based absorber material has outstanding characteristics such as band gap energy of 1.0 eV to 1.5 eV, high absorption coefficient on the order of $10^4cm^{-1}$, and high theoretical conversion efficiency of 32.2% in thin film solar cells. Despite these promising characteristics, research into CZTS-based thin film solar cells is still incomprehensive and related reports are quite few compared to those for CIGS thin film solar cells, which show high efficiency of over 20%. The recent development of kesterite-based CZTS thin film solar cells is summarized in this work. The new challenges for enhanced performance in CZTS thin films are examined and prospective issues are addressed as well.