• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제9호
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• pp.9-9
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• 1996

When a certain particular department store is chosen by customers due to the good image, the department store will have provided for the conditions that it can precede in competition with other department stores. Based upon it, a survey was made of preference for the department store interior design image component. In order to make the department store image better based upon this study results, the designer should remember that department store is possessed of display and circultation planinorder to give consume the good image. And , as a result of analyzing customers' preference for the details of the interior design image component, the area, primary components of the department store space, should take on specialization , though narrow. The circulation should constitute the free flow system. The ornamental illumination should be emphasized for the secondary component of the department store space. The color planing should be made that is oriented to seasonality and products. The floor should finished with wood. The department store interior should be decorated in a modern and simple form. The display of the department store should be made in a fashion that it takes on seasonality and artistry. These measures can be said to be the desirable method to provide a good image for women customers paying a visit to the department store.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2010

본 연구는 부산에 있는 아파트 소규모 인테리어공사 6가지 평형의 실적자료 200개를 대상으로 하여 건축공사와 소규모 인테리어공사의 분류체계를 비교하고, 일반적인 소규모 인테리어공사의 공종별 공사비를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) 아파트 소규모 인테리어공사비는 1,000~1,500만원 범위인 79.2M2(24PY)과 105.6M2(32PY)에 대해서 주로 이루어지므로 이러한 2가지 평형에 대한 자재비, 노무비에 대한 심층적인 원가분석이 필요하다. (2) 아파트 소규모 인테리어공사는 일반적인 건축공사의 분류체계와 다르게 마감공사가 주로 진행되므로 건축공사표준시방서의 22개의 대분류와는 다른 9개의 분류체계로 구분하여 적용하는 것이 타당하다. (3) 소규모 인테리어공사의 각각의 평형별 평균공사금액과 공종보할을 검토한 결과, 24평형(24PY)의 평균공사금액은 약 1,050만원이고 공종별 보할은 금속공사 12.8%, 수장공사 17.8%, 화장실공사 19.7%로 분석되었으며, 싱크 가구공사가 22.1%로 가장 높은 보할을 나타내었다. 또한, 32평형의 평균공사금액은 약 1,250만원이며, 공종별 공사보할은 수장공사가 28.6%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 28평형이상에서는 수장공사의 공종보할이 가장 큰 것으로 분석되었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제37권10호
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• pp.81-90
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• 1999

This study investigated the present traditional Korean farmhouse based on a survey of 30 households from Oiam-Ri folk Village in Chung-Nam Province. This study was primarily concerned with the present housing; the size and plan of the house, lighting and heating, the finishing materials of anbang(the master's bedroom or ondol) and the kinds of fumiture. I was also interested in identifying the socio-demographic and physical variables that influenced the housing, both the ordinary farm households and the descendent of nobility households. Bibliographical studies, cultural approaches, field surveys with tape recordings, and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The results showed that the types of house plans were mixed from the southern region(one-line type) and middle region(courtyard type). The heating system and the fuel for the ondol anbang has changed entirely from wood burning system to oil boiler system. The finishing material of the anbang floor changed from traditional oil paper and straw mats to vinyl flooring. Traditional fumiture and small decor items are disappearing and are being replaced by modem items, but the descendents of the nobility household kept many traditional type of fumiture and small decor items.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.373-380
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 벽 패널의 부분 합성거동 해석에 대하여 거론한다. 기 발표된 목재 바닥 시스템으로부터 유도된 처짐공식을 소개하고, 이 공식을 적용하여 석고보드와 강재 샛기둥으로 결합된 합성벽 패널의 중앙지점 처짐값을 산정한다. 나사연결부의 불완전성(미끄럼), 국부좌굴, 샛기둥 복부의 개구부, 그리고 인접 석고보드간의 불연속으로 야기 될 수 있는 강성의 감소 등을 처짐공식에 적절히 반영하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 적용된 처짐공식으로 산정된 처짐 기대치와 실험 관측치간의 비교에서는, 나사연결부의 상한 강성치를 사용한 처짐 기대치가 실험 관측치와 가장 근접한 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2011

본 연구는 목탄을 첨가한 건축자재의 에너지 절감 및 차음특성을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 건축자재 형태에 따른 특성을 조사하기 위하여 3동의 실험 건물을 신축하였다. 이들 실험 건물은 각각 일반건축자재(A), 목탄건축자재(B) 및 목탄 sericite 건축자재(C)를 사용하여 신축하였다. 건축자재 형태별 동절기의 보일러 난방 기름소모량을 조사한 결과, B를 사용할 경우 A를 사용한 건물과 비교하여 평균 9.5%, C를 사용할 경우에는 평균 14.9%의 기름절감 효과를 나타냈다. 특히 기름 절감효과는 외부기온이 낮을수록 큰 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 B를 적용한 건물은 A나 C를 사용한 건물과 비교하여, 난방온도가 상당히 완만하게 낮아졌으며, 보일러 가동 중단 12시간 경과 후 지상 1미터 공기부에서 $3.5{\sim}4.2^{\circ}C$, 바닥표면에서는 $4.4{\sim}5.4^{\circ}C$ 높게 나타났다. 건물 소음시험에 있어서는, 목탄을 포함하는 시험체는 다층건물의 층간소음 기준으로 대표되는 중량충격음과 경량충격음 모두에서 저감효과를 나타냈다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.145-165
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• 2005

In 1937, most Korean compatriot who lived in Yunhaeju moved to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in Central Asia following the deportation policy of Russia. Korean compatriot have kept their traditional life style for 140 years, without a deep relationship with Korea. This study examined the heating systems of Korean compatriot in Yunhaeju, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, Russia. A literature review and field research, based on Ethnography as a research method, was employed. The results of the research were as following: 1) Korean compatriot in Yunhaeju use a Pechika, which is a radiator that uses hot water, and a Gudul as the main heating systems, but the use of a Pechika was most common. A Pechika functions for cooking as well as for warming the house. The room with the Gudul was connected to the kitchen, so this space was used as a place for cooking and eating, for family members to meet. Many kinds of fuel, like gas and electricity, were used to power the heating systems. 2) Korean compatriot in Kazakhstan use radiators, with hot water as the main heating system, with ratio using Gudul used in this region being the highest of all the three areas. The most common fuels used for a Gudul were wood and coal, and gas was also used in cooking. The room with the Gudul was planned to be located beside the fireplace, without any walls. The people using a Gudul use that place for eating and meeting, as well as for family members to sleep. 3) The main heating system of Korean compatriot in Uzbekistan was a radiator using hot water, and those with pipes containing hot water buried under the floor were very common. The function is very similar to that of a Gudul, so most people using this type of radiator would sleep on the floor. Those people with a traditional Gudul not using them were mostly in Uzbekistan. The reason for this was that the family members had diminished, so it was hard work for elderly parents to manage an extra building containing a Gudul. Gas was the fuel generally used for heating and cooking in Uzbekistan. 4) Guduls were used in the Korean compatriot's houses in all three areas, even though they have changed in structure to adapt to the Russian life style. However, Guduls have still been functioning to maintain a traditional life style in Korean compatriot's houses for the gathering of family members.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.504-516
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• 2009

Korean traditional architecture has been carried out in the manner that it harmonized surrounding natural environments and never disturbed them in the scale which did not overwhelm the nature, based on the view of architecture predicated on Yin Yang School. The exposed grain of the wood like pillar, hinge and house rafte, the linear expression of the construction material and the formation between the window and door monopolizing the front side presented a harmony with the nature showing the linear structure. Furthermore the ceiling is low due to the sit life style thanks to the ondol (Korean under-floor heating system and the furniture was made in simple manner to utilize the space as large as possible, for the interior was narrow and close, and also the furniture placing in the middle of the room was movably manufactured to improve the room space. Like this Korean traditional furniture was close associated with the low height and simplicity and harmonized with the blank of the wall accordingly, and it characterized linear & planar natural beauty focusing on the simple and refined unique beauty, because it was made in a good harmony with the interior utensils. This study has presented that the organic characteristics of Korean traditional aesthetic of architecture and the natural beauty being intrinsic in traditional furniture have a mutual relation on the basis of not only the visual recognition, also the aesthetic of naturalism made of the natural material, the constructional naivety as a frame method and the linear & planar formative beauty shown in appearance.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2017

The work breakdown structure and the precedence relations by work activity are very important because they are the basic data for estimating the construction duration in the construction work. However, there is no standard to accurately estimate the construction duration since the size of the school facilities construction is smaller than the general construction work. Therefore, some schools are unable to open in March or September and the delay of the construction duration can cause damage to the students. To solve this problem, this study developed a work breakdown structure of school facilities construction work and analyzed the precedence relations by work activities. The work breakdown structure of the school facilities construction is composed of three steps. The operations corresponding to level 1 and level 2 are as follows. (1) 2 preparatory work categories; preparation period and temporary construction. (2) 17 architectural work categories; temporary construction, foundation & pile work, reinforced concrete work, steel roof work, brick work, plaster work, tile work, stone work, waterproof construction, wood work, interior construction, floor work, metal work, roof work, windows construction, glazing work and paint construction. (3) 7 mechanic and fire work categories; outside trunk line work, plumbing work, air-conditioning equipment work, machine room work, city gas plumbing work, sanitation facilities and inspection & test working. (4) 4 civil work categories; wastewater work, drainage work, pavement work and other work. (5) 1 landscaping work categories; planting work. The work breakdown structure was derived from interviews with experts based on the milestones and detailed statements of existing school facilities. The analysis of precedence relations by school facilities work activity utilized PDM(Precedence Diagramming Method)which does not need a dummy and the relations were applied using FS(Finish to Start), FF(Finish to Finish), SS(Start to Start), SF(Start to Finish). The analysis of this study shows that if one work activity is delayed, the entire construction duration may be delayed because the majority of the works are FS relations. Therefore, it is necessary to use the Lag at the appropriate time to estimate the standard construction duration of the school facility construction. Lag is a term used only in the PDM method and it is used to define the relationship between the predecessor and the successor in creating the network milestone. And it means the delay time applied to the two work activities. The results of this study can reasonably estimate the standard construction duration of school facilities and it will contribute to the quality of the school facilities construction.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 간척지 내에 온실을 시공할 경우, 온실 설계의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 최근 나무말뚝 기초를 사용하여 완공한 계화도 간척지의 1-2W형 온실을 대상으로 온실기초의 침하량을 계측하고 검토하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 지반조사 결과, 기반암인 연암층은 확인되지 않았으며 부지 조성 당시 매립한 것으로 추정되는 매립층과 그 하부에 퇴적층이 존재하는 것으로 조사되었다. 그리고 매립층과 퇴적층 하부에 풍화대가 존재하는 것으로 조사되었다. 전체 지반층의 토성은 시추공에 관계없이 주로 점토 섞인 모래, 실트질 모래, 실트질 점토 및 화강편마암 순으로 구성되어 있었다. 지하수위도 시추공에 관계없이 지반에서 0.3m 아래에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 온실기초 및 나무말뚝의 침하량은 전체적으로 볼 때, 온실 내 외부나 계측지점(채널)에 관계없이 침하량에는 다소 차이가 있지만, 시간의 경과와 함께 침하량이 증가하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 온실 내부 기둥의 경우, CH-2는 좀 예외적이긴 하지만, 온실 측벽(방풍벽 측)에 있는 지점의 데이터가 상대적으로 큰 진폭으로 흔들리는 것은 알 수 있었다. 또한 특정 시기에 침하량이 상대적으로 크게 증가한 후, 어느 정도 침하량이 회복 되는 현상을 볼 수 있었다. 이와 같은 현상들을 포함하여 CH-1을 제외하고 현 시점에서 온실 내 외부 전체의 지점별(CH-2~CH-10) 침하량은 1.0~7.5mm 정도의 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 회귀 분석한 결과 결정계수는 지점별로 0.6362~0.9340까지의 범위로서 상관관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 온실외부의 경우는 0.6046~0.8822로서 온실내부 보다는 다소 낮지만, 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.