• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2012

Objectives: Biomonitoring is used to assess human environmental exposures. Urinary biomonitoring data are typically adjusted to a constant creatinine concentration to correct for variable dilutions among spot samples. Our objective was to investigate urinary creatinine concentrations by region, gender, age and lifestyle. Methods: We studied urinary creatinine concentrations in 6,286 Koreans aged 20 years old and older who participated the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES IV) in 2009. Urinary creatinine concentration analysis used the Jaffe method. Results: The average urinary creatinine concentration of 6,286 Koreans was 158.99 mg/dl. The urinary creatinine concentration was significantly higher among men (184.97 mg/dl) than women (130.02 mg/dl). In both men and women, urinary creatinine concentrations were significantly different according to age group (p < 0.01). Whereas the urinary creatinine concentration of men significantly differed with smoking in adjusted comparison analysis, that of women significantly differed by education level. Ninety-two percent of urinary creatinine concentration was included within WHO guidelines effective range(30 mg/dl ${\leq}$ urinary creatinine concentration ${\leq}$ 300 mg/dl). In multiple regression analysis, creatinine was influenced by gender, age and body mass index (BMI). Conclusions: The urinary creatinine value obtained from representative samples of adult Koreans aged 20 year and older in KNHANES IV 2009 could be used as a reference value for other nationally studied surveys, such as abandoned metal mine surveys and surveys for industrial complexes.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.229-244
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• 2018

본 연구는 경북 성인 여성장애인의 생활실태와 복지서비스 욕구를 분석하여 효과적인 지원방안을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 문헌연구와 성인 여성장애인 465명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면 첫째, 청년기 여성장애인은 2대 가족, 자녀수 1명, 고졸이하, 무배우, 정신적 장애로 경제활동 고용에 대한 욕구가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 장년기 여성장애인은 2대 가족, 자녀수 2명, 고졸이하, 유배우, 지체/뇌병변장애로 일상생활지원, 경제활동 고용, 임신 출산 양육에 대한 욕구가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 노년기 여성장애인은 1인 가구, 자녀수 3명, 초졸이하, 무배우, 지체/뇌병변장애로 건강 의료에 대한 욕구가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 청년기 여성장애인은 경제활동 고용 지원으로 직업훈련, 취업지원, 경력개발 지원으로 최근 경북 핵심사업인 신소재 산업, 스마트 프로젝트, 농산업, 관광산업 중심의 일자리 창출이 필요하다. 또한, 직업재활시설의 확대도 요구된다. 장년기 여성장애인은 일상생활 지원, 임신 출산 양육 지원이 요구되므로 산간지역으로 대중교통 접근이 어려운 곳은 교통인프라 마련과 여성장애인 전용 산부인과 지정제 도입이 요구된다. 마지막으로 노년기 여성장애인은 건강 의료 서비스 지원으로 지역 정신건강복지센터, 보건소 등과 연계하여 정기 방문, 신체 및 심리 지원, 가정활동 지원이 필요하다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1388-1394
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• 2004

Purpose. Korean women are likely to experience symptoms of depression, possibly due to socially fixed limitations on the roles that Korean women are expected to perform. Also if a Korean woman experinces negative relationship problem or stress in her family, she would feel responsible, which will worsen her depression. Nonetheless, much of the research on depression among Korean women has focused on menopausal women. This study aims to understand the depression of Korean women to provide fundamental data to develop nursing intervention method for promoting women's health. Methods. The present investigation assessed the prevalence and correlates of depression in a large sample of Korean women, aged 18 or older, from the general population. With a probability sample of 3312 women drawn from two areas in Korea, a survey, which contains the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and background, was completed. Results. According to CES-D classification criteria, $36.5\%$ of the women in the sample displayed either no depression or mild depression, $55.6\%$ exhibited moderate depression, and $7.8\%$ manifested severe depression. Significant bivariate relationships were observed between depression and each measured background variable except alcohol use. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the strongest combination of predictors of depression included income, menopausal, and marital status. Conclusion. The data support the premise that Korean women disproportionately experience elevated levels of depression. Consistent with the theory, depression may be related to social pressures to conform to the traditional roles. The study suggests the need for further research, primary prevention activities, and increased access to treatment.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to analyze body measurements, BMI and body type according to age in the male and female groups based on 3D scan body measurement data of adult men and women in their 20's~30's and to provide basic information usable in the clothing and fashion industry. For this purpose, we analyzed 3D scan body measurement data of 848 adults measured in the 6th Size Korea project and the results were as follows. First, there were differences in 3D scan body measurements according to age in the male and female groups, and in general the measurements of the height items were larger in younger adults and the measurements of the circumference, breadth and depth items were larger in older ones. Second, there were differences in 3D scan body measurements according to BMI in the male and female groups, and in general body measurements were largest in the obesity group and lowest in the underweight group. Third, BMI was different according to gender and in general BMI was higher in men and obesity and overweight were more frequent in men than in women. Moreover, BMI was significantly different according to age and was higher in the 30's than in the 20's. Fourth, the mean difference in the drop and lower drop values according to age in the male and female groups was significant, and the drop and lower drop values were lower in the 30's than in the 20's. These results are considered meaningful as data for the development of clothing size systems, patterns and grading in the areas of clothing and fashion targeting consumers in their 20's~30's.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 878 retired women in their 50s and 60s across the country using the 7th data from the National Pension Service's KReiS. We used SPSS WIN 18.0, and the analysis results are as follows. First, there were many highly educated people in their 50s or older and those in their 60s and undereducated. Second, families in their 50s had the largest number of members with more than three, while households in their 60s had the largest number of two. Third, both age groups chose themselves and their spouses as responsibilities for preparing for retirement. In addition, more people in their 60s chose the government as their responsibility for preparing for retirement than in their 50s. Both people in their 50s and 60s say they are "not prepared" to prepare for retirement expenses, raising concerns about elderly poverty. Fourth, economic strength, health, and medical care were important for retirement in both age groups as part of their preparations for retirement, and they chose economic strength, health, medical care and job as the things to do in society. Fifth, both people in their 50s and 60s have very low public and private pension subscription rates, requiring special attention from the government and society to their old age. Judging from the above results, both women in their 50s and 60s have retired, but preparations for retirement are very insufficient. Therefore, the government and society need to strengthen the public pension system and create jobs for the elderly.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2010

Purpose: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of a Rollator on plantar pressure and foot balance during gait in older adults. Methods: Twenty consecutive subjects (8 men, 12 women; age: $69.9{\pm}8.9$) had the following measurements done: plantar pressure in 10 areas of the foot, foot balance including heel rotation, foot balance, forefoot balance, medial forefoot balance, and meta loading during gait with or without a Rollator. Results: Significant differences in plantar pressure were observed in the areas of toes 2-5 or etatarsal areas 1, 4, 5 during gait with and without a Rollator. There were no significant differences in other areas of the foot. Regarding foot balance during gait with or without a Rollator, there were statistically significant differences in heel rotation, forefoot balance, medial forefoot balance, and meta loading. Conclusion: For older adults, the use of a Rollator can decrease plantar pressure and increase foot balance in various foot areas.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.183-193
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and risk factors of sleep disturbance among community dwelling adults in Korea. Methods: Data were collected from nine hundred fifty nine adults dwelling in a metropolitan city in Korea. Subjects were older than 45 years, did not take medication for sleep problems on a regular basis, and did not work at night. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to collect data about sleep disturbance. Sociodemographic, life style, and health related factors were included as risk factors. Chi square test and logistic stepwise regression were used to identify the risk factors. Results: The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 13.1%. The significant risk factors were being female, age, number of toilet use at night, perceived health, and pain. Risk factors were somewhat different by gender. Emotional and job status were the risk factors only for men and menopausal status were for women. Conclusion: Prevalence of sleep disturbance in community dwelling adults in Korea was not greater than those dwelling in other countries. Females, older adults, the number of toilet use at night, perceived health, and pain were the most important risk factors for sleep disturbances. Gender was a factor in reported sleep disturbances. It might be useful to investigate the factors that contribute to the number of toilet use at night as this might have some underlying factors that could be corrected.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.235-245
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• 2017

Purpose: Reported insomnia and decreased sleep quality are common among older adults. The purpose of this study was to identify factors contributing to insomnia and decreased sleep quality among elderly persons living within a community. The data will be verified with Actigraph which is a non-invasive measurement of rest/activity cycles. Methods: 137 participants over 65 years old were recruited from a senior welfare center. Their mean age was $74.07{\pm}5.18years$ old and majority was women (69.3%). The quality and quantity of nighttime sleep were assessed using Varren-synder-Halper Sleep Scale and a sleep log. Depression and fatigue were assessed using Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form and Fatigue Severity Scale, respectively. Pain was assessed using 11-point Numeric rating scale. An actigraph was used to verify the self-reported sleep. Results: Ninety-two participants (67.2%) reported insomnia. Sixty-eight subjects (49.6%) reported good sleep. Of the participants, 56.2% reported depression and 33.6% reported fatigue. In logistic regression, depression was related to insomnia (OR=3.09, p=.003). Sleep quality was related to depression (OR=2.13, p=.045) and fatigue (OR=2.24, p=.044). The data from the Sleep logs correlated with data obtained from the actigraph. Conclusion: Depression significantly influenced insomnia and sleep quality whereas fatigue only influenced sleep quality. Thus, depression and fatigue should be closely monitored among elderly persons with sleep disturbances.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.190-204
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• 2022

Background: In Korea, the population is rapidly aging, and the types of households for the elderly are also diversifying. The self-rated health of the elderly is a valuable health indicator that can comprehensively represent the overall quality of life along with physical, mental, and functional health. On the other hand, studies on the association between household type and self-rated health of the elderly are still insufficient. Thus, this study analyzed the association between household type and self-rated health by gender in Korean older adults. Methods: Using data from the analysis of the National Survey of Older Koreans 2017, 10,299 elderly people aged 65 and over were targeted. For the accuracy of the analysis data, 9,910 people were selected as the study sample by excluding proxy responses, those diagnosed with dementia, and non-response. And technical analysis, univariate analysis using the Rao-Scott chi-square test, and logical regression analysis involving survey characteristics were conducted by gender. Results: According to the adjusted model with all variables, in both men and women, the odds ratio of self-rated health 'bad' in 'couple (with ill spouse)' was significantly higher than 'couple (with spouse)'. It was 2.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05-3.15) for men and 2.11 (95% CI, 1.70-2.62) for women. In addition, the odds ratio of self-rated health 'bad' in 'living with adult children' was 1.43 (95% CI, 1.09-1.87) for men and 1.42 (95% CI, 1.15-1.75) for women, which was more significant in women than men. Conclusion: This study states that there is an association between gender, household type, and self-rated health of the elderly, and the health of a spouse and cohabitation with children have a significant effect on self-rated health. As a result, in order to improve the health status of the elderly, health promotion and health care policies involving the characteristics of the elderly's gender and household type are needed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2015

본 연구는 우리나라 지역사회 거주노인을 대상으로 대사증후군 및 개별 위험요인과 우울간의 관련성을 확인하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구자료는 제5기 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용하였으며, 연구 대상자는 65세 이상 노인 중 검진조사 내용이 부실한 자료를 제외한 3,755명이었다. 대사증후군 및 개별 위험인자와 우울의 연관성을 확인하기 위하여 다중로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 재가노인의 대사증후군은 우울과 유의한 관계가 없었으나(95%Confidence Interval [CI]=0.980-1.569), 대사증후군 위험인자 중 낮은 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤혈증(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C) 과 우울은 유의한 관계가 있었다(Odds raio[OR]=1.26, 95%Confidence Interval [CI]=1.002-1.584). 여성노인의 경우 대사증후군(OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.029-1.792), 혈당상승(OR=1.41, 95%CI=1.070-1.851), 저HDL-콜레스테롤혈증(OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.078-1.746)과 우울은 유의한 관계가 있었다. 반면, 남성노인의 경우 대사증후군 및 개별 위험인자와 우울과는 유의한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 우리나라 여성노인의 경우 대사증후군과 우울은 유의한 양의 관계가 있었으나, 남성노인에서는 유의한 관계가 없었다.