DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Depression among Korean Community-Dwelling Older Adults

지역사회 재가노인의 대사증후군과 우울의 관계

  • 오두남 (호서대학교 간호학과.기초과학연구소) ;
  • 김선호 (충북대학교 의과대학 간호학과)
  • Received : 2015.03.23
  • Accepted : 2015.05.29
  • Published : 2015.08.28

Abstract

This study evaluated the association between metabolic syndrome(MetS), its components and depression among Korean community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed data from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES-V) 2010-2012. This study was a descriptive study of 3,755 Korean elderly, aged 65 years and older. A modified version of the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III was used to define MetS. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the questionnaire of the KNHANES-V. Multiple regression analyses performed the association between MetS, its components and depression. MetS was not statistically associated depressive symptoms, but low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was statistically associated depressive symptoms(Odds raio[OR]=1.26, 95%Confidence Interval [CI]=1.002-1.584) in older adults. Among elderly women, MetS(OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.029-1.792), elevated fasting glucose(OR=1.41, 95%CI=1.070-1.851), low HDL-C(OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.078-1.746) were statistically associated depressive symptoms. In conclusion, present study showed an association between MetS and depressive symptoms in Korean community dwelling elderly women but not in men.

본 연구는 우리나라 지역사회 거주노인을 대상으로 대사증후군 및 개별 위험요인과 우울간의 관련성을 확인하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구자료는 제5기 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용하였으며, 연구 대상자는 65세 이상 노인 중 검진조사 내용이 부실한 자료를 제외한 3,755명이었다. 대사증후군 및 개별 위험인자와 우울의 연관성을 확인하기 위하여 다중로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 재가노인의 대사증후군은 우울과 유의한 관계가 없었으나(95%Confidence Interval [CI]=0.980-1.569), 대사증후군 위험인자 중 낮은 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤혈증(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C) 과 우울은 유의한 관계가 있었다(Odds raio[OR]=1.26, 95%Confidence Interval [CI]=1.002-1.584). 여성노인의 경우 대사증후군(OR=1.36, 95%CI=1.029-1.792), 혈당상승(OR=1.41, 95%CI=1.070-1.851), 저HDL-콜레스테롤혈증(OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.078-1.746)과 우울은 유의한 관계가 있었다. 반면, 남성노인의 경우 대사증후군 및 개별 위험인자와 우울과는 유의한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 우리나라 여성노인의 경우 대사증후군과 우울은 유의한 양의 관계가 있었으나, 남성노인에서는 유의한 관계가 없었다.

Keywords

References

  1. T. Kawamura, T. Shioiri, K. Takahashi, V. Ozdemir, and T. Someya, "Survival rate and cause of mortality in the eldely with depression: a 15-year prospective study of a Japanese community sample, the Matsunoyama-Niigata suicide prevention project," J Invest Med, Vol.55, No.3, pp.106-114, 2007. https://doi.org/10.2310/6650.2007.06040
  2. 보건복지부, 2011년도 노인실태조사, 보건복지부, 2012.
  3. R. H. Eckel, S. M. Grundy, and P. Z. Zimmet, "The metabolic syndrome," Lancet, Vol.365, No.9468, pp.1415-1428, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66378-7
  4. B. Xi, D. He, Y. Hu, and D. Zhou, "Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its influencing factors among the Chinese adults: The China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009," Preventive Medicine, Vol.57, No.6, pp.867-871, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.09.023
  5. 김봉정, "일 농촌 지역 노인의 대사증후군 유병률과 관련요인", 지역사회간호학회지, 제24권, 제2호, pp.225-235, 2013. https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2013.24.2.225
  6. 임주원, 김소연, 계소신, 조비룡, "한국 노인에서 비만, 복부비만과 대사증후군의 유병률", 가정의학회지, 제32권, 제2호, pp.128-134, 2011. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2011.32.2.128
  7. L. J. Dominguez and M. Barbagallo, "The cardiometabolic syndrome and sarcopenic obesity in older adults," J Cardiometabolic Syndrome, Vol.2, No.3, pp.183-189, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-4564.2007.06673.x
  8. C. Y. Shin, K. E. Yun, and H. S. Park, "Blood pressure has a great impact on cardiovascular mortality than other components of metabolic syndrome in Koreans," Atherosclerosis, Vol.205, No.2, pp.614-619, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.01.014
  9. A. Pan, N. Keum, O. I. Okereke, Q. Sun, M. Kivimaki, R. R. Rubin, and F. B. Hu, "Bidirectional association between depression and metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies," Diabetes Care, Vol.35, No.5, pp.1171-1180, 2012. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-2055
  10. K. Raikkonen, K. A. Matthews, L. H. Kuller, "The relationship between psychological risk attributes and the metabolic syndrome in healthy women: antecedent or consequence?," Metabolism, Vol.51, No.12, pp.1573-1577, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1053/meta.2002.36301
  11. O. P. Almeida, J. Calver, K. Jamrozik, G. J. Hankey, and L. Flicker, "Obesity and metabolic syndrome increase the risk of incident depression in older men: the health in men study," Am J Geriatr Psychiatry, Vol.17, pp.889-898, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181b047e3
  12. H. Koponen, J. Jokelainen, S. Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, E. Kumpusalo, and M. Vanhala, "Metbolic syndrome predisposes to depressive symptoms: a population-based 7-year follow-up study," J Clin Psychiatry, Vol.69, No.2, pp.178-182, 2008. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v69n0202
  13. T. N. Akbaraly, M. Kivimäki, E. J. Brunner, et al. "Association between metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults: results from the Whitehall II study," Diabetes Care, Vol.32, pp.499-504, 2009. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc08-1358
  14. M. Morikawa, N. Okamoto, K. Kiuchi, K. Tomioka, J. Iwamoto, and A. Harano, et al. "Association between depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome in Japanese community-dwelling older people: a cross-sectional analysis from the baseline results of the Fujiwara-kyo prospective cohort study," Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, Vol.28, No.12, pp.1251-1259, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.3950
  15. A. Laudisio, E. Marzetti, F. Pagano, G. Pozzi, R. Bernabei, and G. Zuccala, "Depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome: selective association in older women," J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol, Vol.22, No.4, pp.215-222, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891988709335793
  16. D. L. Foley, K. I. Morley, P. A. Madden, A. C. Heath, J. B. Whitfield, and N. G. Martin, "Major depression and the metabolic syndrome," Twin Res Hum Genet, Vol.13, pp.347-358, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1375/twin.13.4.347
  17. G. Viscogliosi, P. Andreozzi, I. M. Chiriac, E. Cipriani, A. Servello, and B. Marigliano, et al. "Depressive symptoms in older people with metabolic syndrome: is there a relationship with inflammation?," Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, Vol.28, No.3, pp.242-247, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.3817
  18. B. Hidrum, A. Mykletun, K. Midthjell, K. Ismail, and A. A. Dahl, "No association of depression and anxiety with the metabolic syndrome: the Norwegian HUNT study," Acta Psychiatr Scand, Vol.120, pp.14-22, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01315.x
  19. M. Zeman, M. Jachymová, R. Jirak, M. Vecka, E. Tvrzicka, B. Stankova, and A. Zak, "Polymorphisms of genes for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, tyrosine hydroxylase, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in depression and metabolic syndrome," Folia Biol, Vol.56, No.1, pp.19-26, 2010.
  20. K. Gil, P. Radzillowicz and T. Zdrojewski, et al. "Relationship between the prevalence of depressive symptoms and metabolic syndrome: results of the SOPKARD project," Kardiol Pol, Vol.64, pp.464-469, 2006.
  21. T. Takeuchi, M. Nakao, and E. Yano, "Association of metabolic syndrome with depression and anxiety in Japanese men," Diabetes Metab, Vol.35, pp.32-36, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabet.2008.06.006
  22. C. Muhtz, B. C. Zyriax, T. Klahn, E. Windler, and C. Otte, "Depressive symptoms and metabolic risk: effects of cortisol and gender," Psyconeuroendocrinology, Vol.34, pp.1004-1011, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.01.016
  23. 윤대현, 박진호, 조수철, 박민정, 김선신, 최승호 등, "한국 여성에서 우울증상과 대사증후군의 관련성", 대한비만학회지, 제14권, 제4호, pp.213-219, 2005.
  24. 전진혁, 김성희, "40세 이상 여성에서 우울, 스트레스와 건강행동 및 대사증후군의 관련성", 한국모자보건학회지, 제16권, 제2호, pp.263-273, 2012.
  25. 정재욱, 김철환, 신호철, 박용우, 정승엽, 성은주. "대사증후군과 스트레스, 우울증과의 연관성", 대한임상건강증진학회지, 제4권, 제1호, pp.10-17, 2004.
  26. 보건복지부, 질병관리본부. 국민건강영양조사 제5기(2010-2012) 지침서, 보건복지부, 질병관리본부, 2009
  27. S. M. Grundy, J. I. Cleeman, S. R. Daniels, K. A. Donato, R. H. Eckel, and B. A. Franklin, et al. "Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/ National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement," Circulation, Vol.112, No.17, pp.2735-2752, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404
  28. 이은령, 강지혁, 정재필, "노인 우울에 미치는 요인", 한국컨텐츠학회논문지, 제13권, 제7호, pp.290-300, 2013.