• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2015

WBAN(Wireless Body Area Network) is a Wireless Sensor Network for supporting various applications around body within 2~3m which consists of medical and non-medical device. MAC in WBAN environment should satisfy requirements such as low power consumption, various transmission rate, QoS, and duty-cycle, efficiently distribute frequency band, be strong at traffic load and save energy. This paper proposes AQ(Adaptive Queuing) MAC superframe structure for efficient energy use, considering the increase of traffic load. The simulation result also show that transmission rate and average MAC delay rate is improved comparing IEEE 802.15.4 MAC with AQ MAC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2006년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.421-425
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• 2006

An ubiquitous healthcare system for the home care of elderly persons was designed and implemented using wireless sensor network technology. The wireless technology for home-care purpose gives new possibilities for monitoring of vital parameter with wearable biomedical sensors, and will give the patient the freedom to be mobile and still be under continuously monitoring and thereby to better quality of patient care. Emphasis is placed on recent advances in wireless ECG system for cardiac event monitoring with particular attention to arrhythmia detection in patient. This paper presents a diagnostic system for cardiac arrhythmias from ECG data, using wireless sensor technology. The system also provides an application for recording activities, events and potentially important medical symptoms. The hardware allows data to be transmitted wirelessly from on-body sensor to the base station and then to PC/PDA. Data is also transmitted to a back-end server for analysis using wireless internet connection. Experiments were conducted using the system for activity monitoring, exercise monitoring and medical screening tests and present preliminary data and results.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.4643-4660
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• 2014

Integrity authentication of biometric data in Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a critical issue because the sensitive data transmitted over broadcast wireless channels could be attacked easily. However, traditional cryptograph-based integrity authentication schemes are not suitable for WBAN as they consume much computational resource on the sensor nodes with limited memory, computational capability and power. To address this problem, a novel lightweight integrity authentication scheme based on reversible watermark is proposed for WBAN and implemented on a TinyOS-based WBAN test bed in this paper. In the proposed scheme, the data is divided into groups with a fixed size to improve grouping efficiency; the histogram shifting technique is adopted to avoid possible underflow or overflow; local maps are generated to restore the shifted data; and the watermarks are generated and embedded in a chaining way for integrity authentication. Our analytic and experimental results demonstrate that the integrity of biometric data can be reliably authenticated with low cost, and the data can be entirely recovered for healthcare applications by using our proposed scheme.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2008

The realization of a monitoring system for senior citizens living alone through wireless sensor network. Due to the recent advances in medical science, people live longer than ever before which accelerates the number of senior citizens. The high rate of the old people in population causes some changes in the form of families, which results in the increasing number of old people living by themselves. This also causes a lot of social problems concerning aging population. For example, people found a dead body of 83-year-old, who had lived alone, after he passed away a month before. There is a national monitoring service for the old people of their daily lives, but the application of such system is very limited. Considering this, the current paper focuses on the realization of a monitoring system for senior citizens living alone through wireless sensor network. The system consists of ZigBee sensor network, which is based on standard IEEE 802.15.4. and the system uses Tmote Sky sensor mote made by Moteive, which is installed with TinyOS. The circumstances information data will be saved on DB and a household will be monitored through a Webpage or Mobile.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.338-344
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• 2021

The recently continuous enhancement and development in the biomedical side for the betterment of human life. The Wireless Body Area Networks is a significant tool for the current researcher to design and transfer data with greater data rates among the sensors and sensor nodes for biomedical applications. The core area for research in WBANs is power efficiency, battery-driven devices for health and medical, the Charging limitation is a major and serious problem for the WBANs.this research work is proposed to find out the optimal solution for battery-friendly technology. In this research we have addressed the solution to increasing the battery lifetime with variable data transmission rates from medical equipment as Wireless Endoscopy Capsules, this device will analyze a patient's inner body gastrointestinal tract by capturing images and visualization at the workstation. The second major issue is that the Wireless Endoscopy Capsule based systems are currently not used for clinical applications due to their low data rate as well as low resolution and limited battery lifetime, in case of these devices are more enhanced in these cases it will be the best solution for the medical applications. The main objective of this research is to power optimization by reducing the power consumption of the battery in the Wireless Endoscopy Capsule to make it battery-friendly. To overcome the problem we have proposed the algorithm for "Battery Friendly Algorithm" and we have compared the different frame rates of buffer sizes for Transmissions. The proposed Battery Friendly Algorithm is to send the images on average frame rate instead of transmitting the images on maximum or minimum frame rates. The proposed algorithm extends the battery lifetime in comparison with the previous baseline proposed algorithm as well as increased the battery lifetime of the capsule.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2010

This study proposes a monitoring system by cooperating the image information and the sensor information in a sensor network system. The monitoring system proposed in this study is divided into internal spaces, such as offices and laboratories, and external spaces including other various spaces. In the internal spaces, motions in objects are detected through cameras while some peripherals like lights are controlled by analyzing some temperature, humidity, and illuminance data detected by sensor nodes. In the external spaces, it is to watch certain intruders to the internal spaces through the interested region for exceptional time by installing cameras, motion detectors, and body detectors in such interested regions. In the results of the test that was applied to a practically limited environment by implementing some interfaces for the proposed system, it was considered that it is possible to watch surroundings effectively using the image information obtained from cameras and sensor information acquisited from sensor nodes.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.1036-1057
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• 2013

Wireless body area network (WBAN) is a promising candidate for future health monitoring system. Nevertheless, the path to mature solutions is still facing a lot of challenges that need to be overcome. Energy efficient scheduling is one of these challenges given the scarcity of available energy of biosensors and the lack of portability. Therefore, researchers from academia, industry and health sectors are working together to realize practical solutions for these challenges. The main difficulty in WBAN is the uncertainty in the state of the monitored system. Intelligent learning approaches such as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) were proposed to tackle this issue. A Markov Decision Process (MDP) is a form of Markov Chain in which the transition matrix depends on the action taken by the decision maker (agent) at each time step. The agent receives a reward, which depends on the action and the state. The goal is to find a function, called a policy, which specifies which action to take in each state, so as to maximize some utility functions (e.g., the mean or expected discounted sum) of the sequence of rewards. A partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDP) is a generalization of Markov decision processes that allows for the incomplete information regarding the state of the system. In this case, the state is not visible to the agent. This has many applications in operations research and artificial intelligence. Due to incomplete knowledge of the system, this uncertainty makes formulating and solving POMDP models mathematically complex and computationally expensive. Limited progress has been made in terms of applying POMPD to real applications. In this paper, we surveyed the existing methods and algorithms for solving POMDP in the general domain and in particular in Wireless body area network (WBAN). In addition, the papers discussed recent real implementation of POMDP on practical problems of WBAN. We believe that this work will provide valuable insights for the newcomers who would like to pursue related research in the domain of WBAN.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2008년도 춘계종합학술대회 A
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• pp.505-508
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• 2008

Electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) are main vital signs which are the standards in most medical settings in assessing the most basic body functions. Multi parameters are desired in providing more information for health professionals in order to detect or monitor medical problems of patients more precisely. This study urges us to develop a robust wireless healthcare monitoring system which has multiple physiological signs measurements on real time that applicable to various environments which integrates wireless sensor network technology and code division multiple access (CDMA) network with extended feature of locally standalone diagnosis algorithms that implemented in tell phone. ECG signal and BP parameter of the patients are routinely be monitored, processed and analyzed in details at cell phone locally to produce useful medical information to ease patients for tracking and future reference purposes. Any suspected or unknown patterns of signals will be immediately forwarded to hospital server using cell phone for doctors' evaluation. This feature enables the patients always recognize the importance of self-health checking so that the preventive actions can be taken earlier through this analytic information provided by this monitoring system because "Prevention is better than Cure".

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.106-114
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• 2015

Wireless Body Area Network(WBAN) is a network standard around a human body which connects various medical sensor and devices It has to satisfy various demands such as data transmission rate, priority, and delay time. In this paper, considering a data priority and transmission delay time, is proposed to improve efficiency of WBAN service depending on congestion status of network. The proposed algorithm operates with adapted data removal probability according to data priority when the hub buffer is congested than before. And in the case of lower congestion within the hub buffer data is served considering data delay time. Through the comparison with other existing scheduling algorithms, it is confirmed that quality of WBAN service is improved due to lower data loss rate of medical data and less delay time in the proposed algorithm.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• 제38B권5호
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• pp.315-327
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• 2013

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a network around a human body within 3~5m which consists of medical or non-medical device. WBAN has to satisfy many kinds of demands such as low-power, a variety of data rate and a data priority. Especially, it is hard for the nodes for monitoring vital signs to replace battery. Thus energy and channel efficiency is important because the battery power is limited. In this thesis, a novel algorithm for reducing the energy consumption is proposed. The proposed algorithm adjusts transmission period according to traffic. by means of determining transmission period by amount of data, the node can reduce energy consumption. Energy detection is performed in order to guarantee data priority before attempting to transmit. In case of failing to transmit, it is proposed that energy consumption is reduced through avoiding collision by changing priority. The comparison result shows that the proposed algorithm reduces power consumption and increasing maximum channel efficiency by avoiding collision.