• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.410-419
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop the functionally improved winter work clothing for the Korean railroad workers. Based on the questionnaires, sample clothing for the Korean railroad workers was produced. The design, materials, and patterns were modified to increase mobility and comfort for workers. Water-repellent treatment was added to the material in order to decrease the dirt and stains while working. Also, reflective strips were added to side seams and hems of the trousers in order to increase the visibility and safety of the workers. In terms of the design and pattern, a circumference of 4.5cm was added to the crotch area in order to minimize tightness on the hip and crotch areas, but no additional circumference was added to the hip area. And a 1cm width dart was inserted between the side seams and yoke in order to add activity. Also three 1.4cm width tucks were used at 2.5cm space on the knees to alleviate tightness at the knees. The prototype was evaluated objectively and subjectively to compare with the existing working uniform. The assessment group consisted of 5 subject groups and 11 expert groups to evaluate external appearance and adaptability of the movements. Subject and panels were asked to evaluate the prototype that followed an ergonomic design and pattern. According to the results, the prototype was evaluated better than the existing working uniform in appearance and adaptability. A field test was conducted to compare the prototype and the existing working uniform. The field tests were performed by 6 workers in the Korean railroad. According to the results, the prototype advanced in terms of adaptability and comfort.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.250-255
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• 2010

Purpose: Pincer nail is a relatively rare deformity characterized by an increase in transverse curvature along the longitudinal axis of the nail. This curvature commonly increases from proximal to distal end of nail, leading to pinching, curling, and distortion of the underlying soft tissue and resulting frequently in severe pain. Numerous surgical procedures have been reported. Preserving the width of the nail in the correction of the pincer nail is very important for functional and aesthetic reasons. We report the results of the correction of the pincer nail using autogenous dermofat graft with a good result. Methods: From May 2006 to September 2008, dermofat graft was performed in 6 patients with pincer nail. Patients were four women and two men, and the average age was 51. The affected digits were the unilateral great toes in four patients and the unilateral thumbs in two patients. Average follow-up period was 13 months. Surgical procedure was removal of nail using an elevator to avoid damage to the nail bed. An incision was created in distal portion of hyponychium. Paronychium was dissected from distal phalanx by periosteal elevator through incision of hyponychium and tunnel was made. Then dermofat grafts harvested from inguinal area were inserted into the tunnel. Finally, a silicone sheet was inserted eponychial fold for prevention of synechia. Objective assessment was evaluated by use of the width index and height index. Results: All patients reported resolution of the pain and soft tissue pinching sensation that they had before the operation. There was good adherence between the nail plate and the underlying nail bed. The nails have regrown and were corrected in a normal and flattened appearance. The width index and height index were improved. Conclusion: The autogenous dermofat graft seems to provide an effective treatment of the pincer nail with preservation of the nail matrix.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.747-756
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• 2016

In this paper, a connection details for precast arch structures was proposed. Experiments were performed to evaluate structural performance of the loop connection details satisfying current design requirements and of alternative details for improvement of constructability. Precast arch specimens considering the current design requirements showed higher structural capacity than a cast-in-place arch specimen. Crack width at the connection of arch crown showed smaller value than 0.2 mm due to increased compression force by the applied vertical load. Strengthening by wire-mesh at notch area of the connection improved initial crack control capability. Connection detail with couplers and headed bars showed similar capacity to the reference specimen. The alternative details to improve constructability of reinforcements can be used without decreasing structural performance. Specimens with smaller internal diameter of mandrel and shorter loop splicing than the current design codes showed worse behavior in terms of crack width control.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.84-91
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• 2001

Comparison between performance of a plate fin and that of a modified plate fin is investigated as a function of the position, the non-dimensional width and height of wings as well as the non-dimensional fin length using a two-dimensional separation of variables method. The ratio of the incremental rate of heat loss to that of the area of a modified plate fin is also presented as a function of the height of wings. The modified plate fin is made by attaching the wings to upper and lower sides of a plate fin. One of the results shows that performance of a modified plate fin is more improved as the wings approach left (higher) thermal reservoir.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.1644-1654
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• 2009

The concentration of dye uptake and the fastness improved when cotton and silk fabrics were treated with chitosan, a natural polymer. In this study, the effect of chitosan treatment was reviewed after the printing of cotton and silk fabrics padded with chitosan. When the change of physical and mechanical properties of printed fabrics was reviewed (as the concentration of chitosan increased) the thickness and weight increased a little, and the air permeability increased significantly than those untreated with chitosan. The dye uptake increased, accompanying a darker color shade, and the wash fastness increased 1/2-1 grade. The analysis results of enlarged images of printed patterns indicated that the width and area deformations were minimal as the concentration of chitosan increased when compared to untreated fabrics. Therefore, the dyeability and pattern quality were excellent after printing the chitosan-treated cotton and silk fabrics with cochineal dyestuff.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.100-104
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• 2008

Generally, it is difficult to find constant patterns on identifiers in a container image, since the identifiers are not normalized in color, size, and position, etc. and their shapes are damaged by external environmental factors. This paper distinguishes identifier areas from background noises and removes noises by using an ART2-based quantization method and general morphological information on the identifiers such as color, size, ratio of height to width, and a distance from other identifiers. Individual identifier is extracted by applying the 8-directional contour tracking method to each identifier area. This paper proposes a refined ART2-based RBF network and applies it to the recognition of identifiers. Through experiments with 300 container images, the proposed algorithm showed more improved accuracy of recognizing container identifiers than the others proposed previously, in spite of using shorter training time.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.403-406
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• 2019

We propose a low-loss on-chip transformer using an auxiliary primary part (APP) for an output matching network for fully integrated CMOS power amplifiers. The APP is designed using a fifth metal layer while the primary and secondary parts are designed using a sixth metal layer with a width smaller than that of the primary and secondary parts of the transformer to minimize the substrate loss and the parasitic capacitance between the primary and secondary parts. By adapting the APP in the on-chip transformer, we obtain an improved maximum available gain value without the need for any additional chip area. The feasibility of the proposed APP structure is successfully verified.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.156-159
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• 2004

The intention of this study is to reduce the plastic shrinkage of the polymer modified cement mortar using the PVA fiber. The durability of PVA fiber reinforced polymer cement mortar was also evaluated. The test results of PVA fiber reinforced polymer modified cement mortar were compared with plain polymer modified cement mortar(non-fiber). In conclusion, PVA fiber reinforced polymer modified cement mortar showed an ability to reduce the total crack area and maximum crack width significantly. Also. fiber reinforced polymer modified cement mortar show improved durability performance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 1995

The effects of device geometry and layout on high speed performance such as current gain outoff frequency(f$_{T}$) and maximum oscillation frequency(f$_{max}$) are of very improtant for the scaling-down of geterojunction bipolar transistors(HBT$_{s}$). In this paper AlGaAs/GaAs HBTs are fabricated by MBE epitaxial growth and conventional mesa process, and the experimental data of emitter-base geometru dependency of HBT performance are presented in order to provide the quantitative information for optimum device structure design. It is shown that f$_{T}$ and f$_{max}$ are inversely proportional to the emiter stripe width, while the low emitter perimeter/area ratio is better to f$_{T}$ and worse ot f$_{max}$. It is also demonstrated the f$_{T}$ and f$_{max}$ are highly improved by the emitter-base spacing reduction resulting in less parsitic effects. As the result f$_{T}$ of 42GHz and f$_{max}$ of 23GHz are obtained for fabricated HBT with emitter area of 3${\times}20^{\mu}m^{2}$ and E-B spacing of 0.2$\mu$m.m.m.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.78-83
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• 2021

We modeled the helical turbine and three modified helical turbines for the structure of the hydraulic turbine for discharge water energy harvesting. A structure that can reduce the load applied to the blade by placing a center plate is our basic concept. The shape was reduced to 1/5, fixed to a size of 240 mm in height and 247 mm in diameter, and modeled by changing the width and the angle of the hydraulic turbine blade. The pipe inner diameter of the simulation pipeline equipment is 309.5 mm, and the simulation section was 4 m in the entire section. The flow velocity was measured for two cases, 1.82 m/s and 2.51 m/s, with the parameters being the amount of power generation, hydraulic turbine's torque, and hydraulic turbine's rotation speed. The measurement results confirmed that the flow velocity at the center, which has no pipe surface resistance, has a great influence on the amount of power generation; therefore, the friction area of the turbine blade should be increased in the center area. In addition, if the center plate is placed on the helical turbine, durability can be improved as it reduces the stress on the blade.