• 한국재난관리표준학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2008

국토의 70% 이상이 산지로 구성되어 있어서 도로와 철도 건설을 위해 절토사면이 필연적으로 발생한다 우기, 동절기 서리로 인한 지반융기, 그리고 해빙은 암석 탈락과 사면붕괴의 원인이 되며 매년 사면붕괴에 의한 차량파손과 인명피해가 증가하고 있다. 인명과 재산을 보호하기 위해 사연붕괴를 조기에 탐지할 수 있는 실시간 모니터링 시스템이 필요하다. GMG사에서 개발한 병진 회전 침하(TRS) 센서를 사면 내에 설치하여 실시간으로 사면을 모니터링을 할 수 있도록 했으나, 시스템의 데이터 획득체계가 취약하여 순간적인 낙뢰에 의해 전체 시스템이 손상될 수 있다. 따라서 저자들은 USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network)을 제시하여 낙뢰에 의한 손상을 최소화시키고 신뢰도 높은 사면 변형 모니터링 체계를 구축했다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2008

In order to evaluate the biodegradability of bait used in the pot for swimming crab, water tank experiments were conducted. Mackerel is the most commonly used natural form of bait to catch the swimming crabs, and therefore was used in this experiment for the biodegradability according to the manufacturing process of the bait. From the biodegradability test on chemical oxygen demand(COD), total nitrogen(T - N), total phosphorus(T - P), ammoniac nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen per unit weight of the bait based on the production rate and the accumulated amount of pollutants, it was concluded that the smaller the size of the mackerel pieces, the higher the production rate and accumulated amount of organic matter and nutrients which was unfavorable to water pollution. The amount of pollutants released from the intestine of the tuna was similar with that from the whole mackerel. For the operation period of 111 days, the accumulated concentrations of tested pollutants from the tuna which were 67.3 mgCOD/g d, 86.4 mgT N/g d, 3.1 mgT - P/g d, were almost half comparing with those from the mackerel which were 65.7 - 94.4 mgCOD/g d, 83.8 - 109.4 mgT - N/g d, 3.1 - 5.2 mgT - P/g d. The amount of pollutants released from the intestine of the tuna was slightly less than that from the mackerel that was cut into 8 pieces. but more than that from the mackerel which was not cut into pieces. Therefore, it can be concluded that the key factor in determining water pollution potential is not the kind of bait, but the processing or preparation method used.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2647-2650
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancers(CRC) are the third most common cancer in the western world, with surgery preferred for management of non-metastatic disease and post surgical treatment usually arranged according to the TNM staging system. However, there is still prognostic variation between patients who have the same stage. It is increasingly recognized that variations within disease course and clinical outcome in colorectal cancer patients are influenced by not only oncological characteristics of the tumor itself but also host response factors. Recent studies have shown correlation between the inflammatory response and clinical outcomes in various cancers. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been described as a marker for immune response to various stimuli including cancer. Material-Methods: Two hundred eighty-one CRC patients were included in our retrospective analysis, separated into two groups according to a cut-off value for the NLR. Patient data including age, gender, vertical penetration, anatomic location, and differentiation of the tumor, TNM stage, survival rate, and disease-free survival were analyzed for correlations with the NLR. Results: Using ROC curve analysis, we determined a cut-off value of 2.2 for NLR to be best to discriminate between patient survival in the whole group. In univariate analysis, high pretreatment NLR (p=0.001, 95%CI 1.483-4.846), pathologic nodal stage (p<0.001, 95%CI 1.082-3.289) and advanced pathologic TNM stage (p<0.001, 95%CI 1.462-4.213) were predictive of shorter survival. In multivariate analysis, advanced pathologic TNM stage (p=0.001, 95%CI 1.303-26.542) and high pretreatment NLR (p=0.005, 95%CI 1.713-6.378) remained independently associated with poor survival. Conclusions: High pre-treatment NLR is a significant independent predictor of shorter survival in patients with colorectal cancer. This parameter is a simple, easily accessible laboratory value for identifying patients with poorer prognosis.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2011

한국 전통 목구조양식에서 뼈대구조인 기둥-보 접합부를 이용하여 현대적인 기법을 적용한 목구조 접합을 개발하기 위하여 낙엽송 집성재를 구조부재로 사용하였다. 집성재를 이용한 전통 접합기술과 드리프트핀 접합으로 구성된 접합부의 부재는 공장에서 프리커트에 의해 가공하였다. 뼈대구조의 전체 성능을 파악하고 향상시키기 위한 기초 연구로서 핀접합부의 인발내력 시험과 각 접합부의 모멘트저항 시험을 행하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 기둥-보 부재는 본 연구에서 사용된 주각부 및 보단부 접합철물로 이루어진 접합부에서 우수한 모멘트저항성능을 발휘하였다. 핀의 세장비에 따라 초기강성은 세장비가 클수록 다소 높게 나타났으며, 모멘트저항성능인 휨모멘트와 최대모멘트는 세장비가 작을수록 우수함을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.410-414
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• 2004

Estimated liveweights, carcass characteristics, the proximate composition and amino-acid composition of the whole rib cut of the 10th/12th thoracic vertebrae have been determined for Jiulong-yak. The animal grows rapidly up to puberty at 2-3 years of age. At those ages, females reached 143.0$\pm$34.7 kg and 184.0$\pm$30.8 kg (SD) respectively, which was 60 to 80% of their mature weight at 6 to 7 yr old, then the rate of growth significantly slowed down. Males continued to rapidly increase body weight until an older age possibly due to the selection procedures. Animals included 20 males aged from 2.5 to 6.5 yr, seven females aged of 4.5 yr and 11 steers aged of 4.5-5.5 yr were slaughtered for carcass determination and chemical analysis of meat samples. Dressing-out percentage and ribeye area ranged from 48.53-55.04% and 48.02-68.56 $cm^2$ respectively, both of which differed by age and sex. Yak meat is scarlet in color and intramuscular marbling is poor. The 10th/12th rib-cut contained 24.99-31.93% dry matter; 19.98-22.58% protein; 2.52-10.86% fat and 0.93-1.00% ash. Meat from females and steers contained a higher percentage of fat than those from bulls. The pH of M. Longissimus dorsi measured at 24 h post-mortem ranged from 5.84-6.11. Amino acid composition was similar to that for other red meat, except for a lower content of methionine (1.26 g/100 g meat). The results indicated that yak meat can make a valuable contribution to the diets for the highlanders.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 1975

고추의 열풍건조방법(熱風乾燥方法)이 품질(品質)에 미치는 영향을 연구한 결과는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 1. 절단건조(切斷乾燥)의 경우 생기는 부분적(部分的)인 탈색(脫色)은 묽은 염산의 처리로 방지(防止)할 수 있었으며 염산처리가 capsaicine 함량(含量)에는 별 영향(影響)을 주지 않았다. 2. 건조온도(乾燥溫度)는 고추의 capsanthin 함량(含量)에 영향을 주어 온도(溫度)의 상승은 capsanthin 함량(含量)의 감소(減少)를 초래(招來)하였다. 건조방법(乾燥方法)에 있어서 절단건조(切斷乾燥)고추는 원형건조(原形乾燥) 고추보다 capsanthin 함량(含量)이 높았고 장기(長期) 저장 후의 외관적색도(外觀赤色度)가 원형건조(原形乾燥)에 비하여 높았다. 또한 $60^{\circ}C$에서 절단건조(切斷乾燥)를 하면 일광건조(日光乾燥)보다 오히려 높은 capsanthin 함량(含量)을 보였다. 3. 건조온도(乾燥溫度)는 capsaicine 함량(含量)에는 별로 큰 영향이 없었으나 건조방법(乾燥方法)에 따라서는 상당한 차이를 보여 절단건조(切斷乾燥)의 경우 원형건조(原形乾燥)에 비하여 $20{\sim}30%$의 capsaicine 감소(減少)가 있었다. 한편 원형건조(原形乾燥)고추는 일광건조(日光乾燥)고추보다 높은 capsaicine 함량(含量)을 보였다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2020

Background: The median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) is a useful morphological parameter for the evaluation of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, there have been limited studies investigating the anatomical basis of median nerve flattening. Thus, to evaluate the connection between median nerve flattening and CTS, we carried out a measurement of the median nerve thickness (MNT). Methods: Both MNCSA and MNT measurement tools were collected from 20 patients with CTS, and from 20 control individuals who underwent carpal tunnel magnetic resonance imaging (CTMRI). We measured the MNCSA and MNT at the level of the hook of hamate on CTMRI. The MNCSA was measured on the transverse angled sections through the whole area. The MNT was measured based on the most compressed MNT. Results: The mean MNCSA was 9.01 ± 1.94 ㎟ in the control group and 6.58 ± 1.75 ㎟ in the CTS group. The mean MNT was 2.18 ± 0.39 mm in the control group and 1.43 ± 0.28 mm in the CTS group. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis demonstrated that the optimal cut-off value for the MNCSA was 7.72 ㎟, with 75.0% sensitivity, 75.0% specificity, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69-0.95). The best cut off-threshold of the MNT was 1.76 mm, with 85% sensitivity, 85% specificity, and an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI, 0.87-1.00). Conclusions: Even though both MNCSA and MNT were significantly associated with CTS, MNT was identified as a more suitable measurement parameter.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.1156-1166
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• 2023

Objective: Pork belly is a cut of meat with high worldwide demand. However, although the belly is comprised of multiple muscles and fat, unlike the loin muscle, research on their genetic parameters has yet to focus on a representative cut. To use swine breeding, it is necessary to estimate heritability against pork belly traits. Moreover, estimating genetic correlations is needed to identify genetic relationship among the traditional carcass and meat quality traits. This study sought to estimate the heritability of the carcass, belly, and their component traits, as well as the genetic correlations among them, to confirm whether these traits can be improved. Methods: A total of 543 Yorkshire pigs (406 castrated males and 137 females) from 49 sires and 244 dam were used in this study. To estimate genetic parameters, a total of 12 traits such as lean meat production ability, meat quality and pork belly traits were chosen. The heritabilities were estimated by using genome-wide efficient mixed model association software. The statistical model was selected so that farm, carcass weight, sex, and slaughter season were fixed effects. In addition, its genetic parameters were calculated via MTG2 software. Results: The heritability estimates for the 7th belly slice along the whole plate and its components were low to moderate (0.07±0.07 to 0.33±0.07). Moreover, the genetic correlations among the carcass and belly traits were moderate to high (0.28±0.20 to 0.99±0.31). Particularly, the rectus abdominis muscle exhibited a high absolute genetic correlation with the belly and meat quality (0.73±52 to 0.93±0.43). Conclusion: A moderate to high correlation coefficient was obtained based on the genetic parameters. The belly could be genetically improved to contain a larger proportion of muscle regardless of lean meat production ability.

• 대순사상논총
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• 제18권
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• pp.149-164
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• 2004

Various social surveys conducted by mass media and government agencies in recent years in Japan suggest that the percentage of those who believe in religion are between twenty and thirty percent. However, more than seventy percent of Japanese visit Shinto shrines or Buddhist temples during the New year period. Although there are varying interpretations on whether Japanese people are religious or not, detailed research shows the existence of certain religious tendencies among Japanese. I base my estimates on research surveys of college students covering a period of almost ten years. It is helpful for understanding the religiosity of the Japanese to differentiate between "clear-cut religion" and "peripheral religious phenomena." The exact boundary between these two categories, however, is difficult to clearly demarcate. "Clear-cut religion" refers here phenomena which are directly related to established religious organizations such as shrine Shinto, Buddhist sects, or Christianity. "Peripheral religious phenomena" covers such phenomena as fortune telling, mystical phenomena, religious customs and similar matters. It is often said that the younger generations are less concerned with religion. Our seven surveys questioning several thousand college students, conducted between 1995 and 2001, show that only between six and seven percent of the students state that they believe in religion. Additionally, the extent of negative attitudes toward religion quite remarkable. On the other hand, students who take part in conventional ritual such as a New year's visit to a shrine or temple and visiting the graves of ancestors amount to about fifty percentage. In spite of the prevailing negative attitude toward religious groups, these students have apparently kept a certain level of interest in religious customs. Moreover, they show a relatively strong interest in fortune telling, mystical phenomena, or supernatural phenomena. The exact degree of a positive attitude toward peripheral religious phenomena differs according to the level of being informed on these matters. As a whole, they largely rely on information gained from their families and local communities. Therefore, we can conclude that there is a degree of transmission of religious culture among younger generations.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 1987

Strain gauge로 식품(食品)의 감압건조과정중(減壓乾燥過程中) 압력(壓力)과 수분감소량(水分減少量)을 계측(計測)할 수 있는 감응소자를 제작(製作)하고 이를 Apple II마이크로 컴퓨터에 접속(接續)하여 마이크로컴퓨터 감압건조(減壓乾燥)시스템을 제작(製作)하였다. 부르돈관 표면에 strain gauge를 접착하여 제작한 감압계측(減壓計測)단자의 출력(出力)값은 디지탈화시킨 후 MC 6821 접속 I.C. chip을 통하여 마이크로컴퓨터에 입력(入力)시켰다. 컴퓨터 입력값(D)과 감압실(減壓室)의 압력(壓力)(P,mmHg)과의 관계는 P=-146.136+3.620D(r=0.994)이었다. 감압건조실(減壓乾燥室)의 압력은 컴퓨터 프로그램에 의하여 $400{\sim}600mmHg$의 범위에서 30mmHg의 오차(誤差)로 제어(制御)할 수 있었다. 건조시료(乾燥試料)의 무게(W, g)와 load cell을 통한 컴퓨터 디지 털출력값(D)과의 관계는 W=-14.000十0.585D (r=0.9998)이었다. $64^{\circ}C,\;400{\sim}600mmHg$하에서 풋고추의 건조곡선(乾燥曲線)은 완숙고추의 상압건조곡선(常壓乾燥曲線)과 비슷하였으며 형태(形態)에 따른 건조속도(乾燥速度)의 변화(變化)는 상이하였고 진공도(眞空度)에도 영향을 받았다. 풋고추의 감압건조중(減壓乾燥中) 수분이동(水分移動)은 Page model을 따랐으며 그 관계식(關係式)은 원형(原型) 풋고추의 경우 $M-M_e/M_o-M_e={\exp}(-0.0673{\theta}^{1.177})$이었고 반절(半切)풋고추의 경우 $M-M_e/M_o-M_e={\exp}(-0.0655{\theta}^{1.477})$이었다.