• 제목/요약/키워드: wheat yield

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연질밀(Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.)의 이화학적 특성과 sugar-snap cookie의 제조적성 (Physicochemical Properties and Sugar-Snap Cookie Making Potentialities of Soft Wheat Cultivars and Lines (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.))

  • 이용숙;김종군;원준형;장학길
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.846-855
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    • 2002
  • 연질밀(Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.)로서 soft white spring(SWS) 밀과 soft white winter(SWW) 각각 10품종(또는 계통)을 공시재료로하여 종실의 이화학적 품질특성, 제분특 성, 호화특성, mixograph특성 및 sugar-snap cookie의 제조특성을 측정하고 이들 특성간의 상관관계를 구명하고자 일연의 실험을 실시한 바 그 결과를 보고한다. Single Kernel Characterization System(SKCS) kernel hard-ness와 용적중, near-infrared reflectance(NIR) hardness와는 각각 $r=0.947^{*},\;r=0.495^{*}$의 정의 상관이 있었으며 SKCS weight와 SKCS size와는 $r=0.942^{**}$의 고도의 정의 상관이 있었다. 용적중과 straight-grade flour yield, break flour yield, 밀가루 회분 함량 및 제분평점과는 각각 $r=0.720^{**},\;r=0.490^{*},\;r=-0.781^{**}$$r=0.838^{**}$ 의 고도의 정 또는 부의 상관이 있었다. 종실의 단백질 함량과 straight-grade flour yield, break flour yield 밀가루 회분 함량 및 제분평점은 각 각 $r=-0.786^{**},\;r=-0.765^{**},\;r=-0.889^{**}$$r=-0.938^{**}$로 서 고도의 정 또는 부의 상관이 있었으며 이와 같은 현상은 밀가루 단백질 함량에서 동일한 결과를 보였다. Mixograph 흡수을과 제분특성과는 고도의 정 또는 부의 상관이 있었으며, 특히 종실의 단백질 함량과는 $r=0.938^{**}$, 밀가루의 단백질 함량과는 $r=0.901^{**}$의 고도의 정의 상관이 있었다. Cookie 직경과 cookie top grain score는 $r=0.946^{**}$의 고도의 정의 상관이 있었다. Cookie특성과 제분특성, 단백질 함량 및 mixograph 흡수율과는 고도의 정 또는 부의 상관이 있었으나 전분특성과는 단지 swelling volume과 cookie top grain score 만이 $r=0.447^{*}$의 정의 상관이 있었다.

Genetic Analysis of Wheat for Plant Height by RNA-seq Analysis of Wheat Cultivars 'Keumkang' and 'Komac 5'

  • Moon Seok Kim;Jin Seok Yoon;Yong Weon Seo
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.275-275
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    • 2022
  • One of the most widely grown food crops in the world, wheat, is increasing more lodged since for increased rains and winds caused by abnormal climate. During the Green Revolution, shorter wheat cultivars were bred using many Rht genes to increase lodging resistance. However, since only some Rht genes were used for breeding shorter wheat, it may have had a limited impact on wheat breeding and reduced genetic diversity. Therefore, it is essential to search for genes that have breeding potential and affect dwarfism in order to increase the genetic diversity of dwarf characteristics in wheat. In this study, we performed the RNA-seq between 'Keumkang' and 'Komac 5' ('Keumkang' mutant) to analyze the difference in plant height. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis and Gene function annotation were performed using 265,365,558 mapped reads. Cluster set analysis was performed to compress and select candidate gene DEGs affecting plant height, stem and internode. Gene expression analysis was performed in order to identify the functions of the selected genes by condensing the results of the DEG analysis into a cluster set analysis. This analysis of these plant height-related genes could help reduce plant height, improve lodging resistance, and increase wheat yield. Its application to wheat breeding will also affect the increased genetic diversity of wheat dwarfism.

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Multi-spectral Mueller Matrix Imaging for Wheat Stripe Rust

  • Yang Feng;Tianyu He;Wenyi Ren;Dan Wu;Rui Zhang;Yingge Xie
    • Current Optics and Photonics
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.192-200
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    • 2024
  • Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis, has reduced winter wheat yield globally for ages. In this work, multi-spectral Mueller matrix imaging with 37 measurements using the method of double rotatable quarter-wave plates was used to investigate wheat stripe rust. Individual Mueller matrix measurements were performed on incident monochromatic light with nine bands in the range of 430 to 690 nm. As a result, it was found that the infected area absorbed linearly polarized light and was sensitive to circularly polarized light in the spectral domain. Both linear depolarization and linear diattenuation images distinguished between wheat stripe rust and healthy tissue. The responsiveness of stripe rust to polarized light reveals the potential of using polarization imaging to detect plant diseases. This further suggests that the multi-spectral Mueller matrix imaging system provides us with an alternative approach to agricultural disease detection.

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on the Yields, Nutritive Value and Silage Fermentation Quality of Whole-crop Wheat

  • Li, C.J.;Xu, Z.H.;Dong, Z.X.;Shi, S.L.;Zhang, J.G.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제29권8호
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    • pp.1129-1135
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    • 2016
  • Whole-crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as forage has been extensively used in the world. In this study, the effects of N application rates on the yields, nutritive value and silage quality were investigated. The N application rates were 0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg/ha. The research results indicated that the dry matter yield of whole-crop wheat increased significantly with increasing N rate up to 150 kg/ha, and then leveled off. The crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility of whole-crop wheat increased significantly with increasing N up to 225 kg/ha, while they no longer increased at N 300 kg/ha. On the contrary, the content of various fibers tended to decrease with the increase of N application. The content of lactic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid in silages increased with the increase of N rate (p<0.05). The ammonia-N content of silages with higher N application rates (${\geq}225kg/ha$) was significantly higher than that with lower N application rates (${\leq}150kg/ha$). Whole-crop wheat applied with high levels of N accumulated more nitrate-N. In conclusion, taking account of yields, nutritive value, silage quality and safety, the optimum N application to whole-crop wheat should be about 150 kg/ha at the present experiment conditions.

일장조건에 따른 맥류의 숙기 및 수량구성요소의 품종간 차이 (A Study on the Varietal Differences of Heading, Yield and Yield Components of Wheat and Barley Grown Under Different Photoperiod)

  • 김이열;김흥배;조장환
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제25권2호
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 1980
  • 1. 간장에서 소맥의 Ephrat, Combine, Rousalka 대맥의 하가네무기, 무사시노무기, 영월륙각 과맥의 장기조생간, Wasehadaka, CI 09942, Liusanchia 01 등이 비교적 단간이고 일장변화에도 둔감한 품종이 있다. 2. 출수일수는 품종간 차이는 있으나 모두 단일에 의하여 출수기가 늦어졌고 소맥의 Sava 만이 12시간 일장에 비해 8시간에서 빨라졌다. 3. 성숙일수는 수맥의 중국8001 대맥의 올보리, 하가네무기, 경003, 수원006 과맥의 Kochihadaka, Wasehadaka, 장기한생과, 예산29호 등이 숙기도 빠르고 일장변화에도 안정된 품종이었다. 4. 일수입수는 품종별로 일정한 경향은 없으나 소맥의 원광, 남광, Blueboy, 수원 169호 대맥의 제천005, 시요기무기, Reno 과맥의 백동, Mochihadaka, CI 09867, CI 0968, Tawungmia 02는 수입수도 많고 일장변화에도 안정된 품종이었다. 5..주당수수는 소맥의 신광, Benhur, 관취기6006, 육성003는 단일에 의하여 수수가 증가하였고그 외에는 12시간 일장일 때에 가장 높고 24시간과 8시간에서 낮았으며 대맥은 제천005, 늘보리의 주당수수가 높았으며 Sava, Moldova는 8시간 일장일 때의 수수가 많았다. 과맥중 재래육각은 단일에 의한 증가폭이 컸으나 그 외의 품종은 단일에 둔감하였다. 6. 주당수량은 품종별로 일정한 경향은 없으나 소맥의 Littotio는 12시간에서 수량이 높았고 대맥의 제천005, 하가네무기, 삼척3006, CI 07296, 시요기무기 등이 안정된 높은 수량을 보였으며 과맥은 재래육각, Tawungmia 02, CI 09867은 수량이 높았다.

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Effect of Graded Levels of Wheat Bran Supplementation on Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Microbial N Yield and Growth Rate of Native Bulls Fed Rice Straw Alone

  • Chowdhury, S.A.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.162-170
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    • 1998
  • The dose response effects of different levels of wheat barn (WB) supplementation to a rice straw based diet has been studied in growing native (Bos indicus) bulls of Bangladesh. Twelve bulls of $266{\pm}29.6kg$ live weight and $32{\pm}9.5$ months old were given either of three diets of ad libitum untreated rice straw alone (T1) or straw supplemented with 2 (T2) or 3 (T3) kg WB. Besides, the experimental animals also received a mineral mixture. In 4 weeks, data were recorded on the intake, digestibility, microbial N (MN) yield, N balance (NB) and growth rate (GR). In the three diets, WB was 0 (T1), 29.6 (T2) and 42 (T3) percent of the total DM intake. With the increasing levels of WB supplementation, the total DM and OM intake increased, but the straw intake decreased linearly. WB supplementation increased the digestibilities of DM, OM and N but had no effect on ADF digestibility. The urinary purine derivative excretion and hence the MN yield increased with WB supplementation. The total MN yield were 7.26 and 35 g/d respectively for 0.2 and 3 kg WB supplementation. However, the efficiency of MN yield was highest (13 g/kg DOMR) at 2 kg WB level. Despite the increase DOM intake, the dietary ME content remain below 6 MJ/kg DM even at 3 kg WB supplementation. The NB were -84,467 and 1,620 mg/kg $W^{0.75}/d$ which were reflected on the GR of -186,346 and 554 g/d for 0, 2 and 3 kg WB supplementation respectively. Depending on the cost effectiveness, on an untreated rice straw diet, WB may be supplemented by up to 3 kg/d (42% of the diet) or more. However, if the maximum utilization of roughage is the main concern, the optimum WB level would probably be around 2 kg (30% of the diet) daily.

Triticale의 사료성분과 in vitro 건물소화율에 미치는 생육시기의 촬영 (Effects of Maturing Stages on Chemical Composition for Feed and in vitro Dry Matter Digestibility of Triticale)

  • 윤승길
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.227-232
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    • 2000
  • Triticale을 사료로서의 특성을 알기 위하여 밀(북견 66호, 월한1호, 치오쿠코무기), 호밀(Amilo, W Warko, Mardar), triticale(Moniko, Presto, Tewo)을 출수기, 유숙기, 호숙기, 황숙기에 수확하여, 건물 수량, 사료성분 및 IVDMD을 조사했다. 1. 재료의 건물수량은 어느 초종도 생육에 따라 증가했고, triticale은 다른 2종의 초종보다 수량성이 우수했다. 2. triticale의 사료성분은 대부분 멸과 호밀의 중간에 위치했다. 3. triticale과 호멸의 IVDMD는 출수기부터 호숙기까지 저하하고, 성숙기에 향상한 것에 반해 밀은 생육에 따라 저하했다. triticale의 IVDMD는 출수기와 성숙기에서 가장 높았고, 유숙기와 호숙기에서는 밀이 높았고, 호밀은 출수기를 제외한 모든 시기에서 최저였다.

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소맥의 숙기 및 수량관련형질에 대한 유전통계율의 년차간 변동 (Year Variations of Genetic Parameters Estimated on Maturity and Yield Characteristics)

  • 조장환;성병열;안완식
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 1980
  • 소맥육종외 선발효율을 높이기 위만 유전력, 표현형상관, 유전상관, 환경상관 및 경노계수의 연차간 변동을 알기 위하여 1974년, 1975년, 1978년 3개년간의 생산력검정 본시험성적을 이용하여 유전통계량의 년차적 변동을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 출수후, 성숙기 및 간장의 유전력은 매우 높으며, 년차적 변동이 적고, 천입중의 유전율은 중정도이며, 년차간 변동이 비교적 적으나 수량 및 기타 수량구성요소는 유전율이 낮고 년차간 변동이 매우 컸었다. 2. 출수기, 성숙기 및 간장상호간, 출수기와 천입중, 성숙기와 1 수입수와는 정의 유전상관이 높고, 수량과 $m^2$당 수수도 정의 유전상관이 높으며, 이들 상호간의 상관은 년차적 변동이 적었으나, 기타형질간에는 연차적 변동이 매우 컸었다. 3. 경노계수의 년차적 변동이 매우 크나 3개년간 수량에 직접효과가 크게 미치는 형질은 $m^2$당수수, 천입중이었다. 4. 선발효과를 올리기 위하여 유전통계량을 선발지표로 삼을 때늘 3개년 이상의 결과를 분석ㆍ활용하여야겠다.

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Flour Characteristics and End-Use Quality of Korean Wheats with 1Dx2.2+1Dy12 Subunits in High Molecular Weight Glutenin

  • Park, Chul-Soo;Baik, Byung-Kee;Kang, Moon-Seok;Park, Jong-Chul;Park, Jae-Gun;Yu, Chang-Yeon;Choung, Myoung-Gun;Lim, Jung-Dae
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.243-252
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    • 2006
  • White salted noodles and pan bread were prepared from Korean wheats with 1Dx2.2+1Dy12 subunits in high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) to evaluate the suitability for end-use products through the comparison with US wheats with various classes and commercial wheat flours. Korean wheat flours with 1Dx2.2+1Dy12 subunits showed higher SDS sedimentation volume than US wheat flours with similar protein content. Compared to wheat flours with similar protein content and SDS sedimentation volume, water absorption percent of Korean wheat flours using a mixograph was higher than that of US wheat flours, but similar to commercial wheat flours. Mixograph mixing time was similar to hard wheat flours and commercial noodle flours. Optimum water absorption percent of noodle dough from Korean wheat flours was higher than that of US wheat flours. Noodle sheets from Korean wheat flours with 1Dx2.2+ 1Dy12 subunits showed lower L values, higher a values and similar b values compared to commercial noodle flours. Hardness of cooked noodles from Korean wheat flours 1Dx2.2+1Dy12 subunits correlated positively with protein content, NIRS hardness, mixograph water absorption and gluten yield of flours. Korean wheat flours with 1Dx2.2+1Dy12 subunits showed lower loaf volume and harder crumb firmness than hard wheat flours and commercial bread wheat flours in spite of similar protein quantity and quality to hard wheat flours.