• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.179-185
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• 1986

This study was to compare year variations of heritability, phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlations as well as pathway coefficients for main characters of tea tree to provide useful selection information for improving tea tree. The data collected from the performance yield trials from 1979 to 1981 were used in this study. I. The genetic variance of fresh fruit yielding, dryed fruit yielding and fresh weight of root was not only greatly varied with year, but also the largest among all characteristies studied. Other characteristics showed higher genetic variance than environmental variances, and year variances were not large. 2. Both year and variety x year interaction were highly significant sources of variation for all yield characteristics, and year variances were not large. 3. All characteristics showed high broad sense heritabilities, and the broad sense heritability was not varied with year. 4. The genetic correlation coefficients between fresh fruit yielding and dryed fruit yielding, fresh weight of root and Gigolpi, dryed weight of root and Gigolpi were positive, and the year variation was not large. S. The pathway coefficients of the character was not only greatly varied with year and the fresh weight of root affected directly on the Gigolpi.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.397-406
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• 2013

With the methodology of AHP, this paper focuses on communication activities and their constituents in city parks, selecting 11 constituents, natural or artificial, and establishes an evaluation model on the basis of the analysis of the characteristics of tourists' communication activities in order to obtain the weight and order of importance of the constituents of communication activities space. First-grade indicators influence weight and the order of the constituents of communication activities space are: artificial constituents (0.6614) > natural constituents (0.3386). The weight and order of five secondary indicators attached to natural constituents: private space (0.1538) > shade tree (0.0955) > gentle slope mound (0.0474) > beautiful waterscape (0.0270) > sunshine lawn (0.0149); the weight and order of six secondary indicators attached to artificial constituents: field boundary (0.2865) > Leisure chairs (0.1843) > resting areas (0.0795) > appropriate square (0.0533) > tree-lined road (0.0352) > landscape sketch (0.0227).Using modern decision analysis methodology to research the relationship of environment constituent elements has great theoretical and practical significance for the scientific design and construction of suitable environment for human needs.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.159-171
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• 2011

This paper suggests an algorithm that obtains the Minimum Spanning Tree for directed graph (DMST). The existing Chu-Liu/Edmonds DMST algorithm has chances of the algorithm not being able to find DMST or of the sum of ST not being the least. The suggested algorithm is made in such a way that it always finds DMST, rectifying the disadvantage of Chu-Liu/Edmonds DMST algorithm. Firstly, it chooses the Minimum-Weight Arc (MWA) from all the nodes including a root node, and gets rid of the nodes in which cycle occurs after sorting them in an ascending order. In this process, Minimum Spanning Forest (MST) is obtained. If there is only one MSF, DMST is obtained. And if there are more than 2 MSFs, to determine MWA among all MST nodes, it chooses a method of directly calculating the sum of all the weights, and hence simplifies the emendation process for solving a cycle problem of Chu-Liu/Edmonds DMST algorithm. The suggested Sulee DMST algorithm can always obtain DMST that minimizes the weight of the arcs no matter if the root node is set or not, and it is also capable to find the root node of a graph with minimized weight.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.449-455
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• 2016

'Gamhong' apple cultivar which was bred by National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, has high sugar contents, large types of fruit and mid-season types of cultivar. However, 'Gamhong' apple tree is very sensitive cultivar to bitter pit. Therefore, many farms have not solved the problems on bitter pit to cultivate 'Gamhong' apple tree. This study was carried out to find out the exposed length of rootstocks on the occurrence of bitter pit and fruit quality of 'Gamhong'/M.26 apple tree and seek the ideal cultivation strategy to decrease bitter pit to cultivate it. For this research, ten-years-old 'Gamhong'/M.26 apple trees were used. The difference among the treatments of the exposure of rootstock of RL (5 cm), RM (15 cm) and RH (20 cm) from the soil surface was observed with 4 repetition from 2010 to 2011. Decreased exposure of rootstocks resulted in more vigorous growth, taller height, and greater number of shoots. N and K/Ca of RH was tend to be lower than RM and RL, whereas as the exposure of rootstock decreased, fruit weight and bitter pit increased. Therefore, occurrence of bitter pit in RH was significantly lower than that of RM and RL treatment and fruit weight also decreased. There was no difference on nutrient contents of leaf and the fruit quality by the exposed of rootstock in 'Gamhong' M.26 apple tree. To reduce the occurrence of bitter pit, it may be helpful to keep the optimum exposure of rootstock within 20 cm from the soil surface.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2013

The objective of this paper is to analyze the structure of the wind power tree using a helical type wind turbine. The blades of a helical rotor is designed with a composite material. The structural analyses of a helical rotor have been implemented by finite element method. The structural analyses of the wind power tree which support four helical rotor, have been performed under a wind load, a rotational velocity of a rotor, and dead weight.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.13A no.6 s.103
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• pp.541-544
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• 2006

In a tree with each edge associated with a length and a weight (positive, negative, or zero are possible) we develop an O(nlognloglogn) time algorithm for finding a path such that its sum of weights is maximized and its sum of lengths does not exceed a given value. The previously best-known result is O($nlog^2n$), where n is the number of nodes in the tree.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.337-344
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• 1998

To select tolerant species among the Korean major woody plants for restoring disturbed ecosystems by air and soil pollution, we transplanted the seedlings of 56 species in control and polluted sites within Yeocheon industrial complex area, and compared their aboveground growth characteristics such as total branch length, total leaf weight, and maximum photozynthetic rate. Tolerant species growting better in polluted site than in control site was Quercus variabilis, Pinus thunbergii, Q. aliena, P. densiflora, Styrax japonica, Alnus firma, Celtis sinensis, Elaeagnus umbellata, Q. serrata, japonica, Sorbus alnifolia, and Q. acutissimia in local tree occuring within polluted area group (80%), Ailanthus altissima in street tree group (20%), Populus tomentiglandulosa and A. hirsuta var. sibirica in fast growing tree group (50%), Acer ginala and Abies holophylla in late successional tree group (20%), Betulla platyphylla var. japonica, Acer truncatum, A. palmatum, Syringa dilatata, and Rosa multifora in garden tree group (38%), and Q. rubura, and Robinia pseudoacacia in foreign restoring tree group (20%), respectively. The remaining plant species, 37 species (57% of total species), were classified into sensitive species to pollution. Those tolerant species can be utilized for restoration of the degraded ecosystem in this polluted area.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.495-502
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• 2020

In this study, the prevalence of osteoporosis was predicted based on 10 independent variables such as age, weight, and alcohol consumption and 4 tree-based machine-learning models, and the performance of each model was compared. Also the model with the highest performance was used to check the performance by clearing the independent variable, and Area Under Curve(ACU) was utilized to evaluate the performance of the model. The ACU for each model was Decision tree 0.663, Random forest 0.704, GBM 0.702, and XGBoost 0.710 and the importance of the variable was shown in the order of age, weight, and family history. As a result of using XGBoost, the highest performance model and clearing independent variables, the ACU shows the best performance of 0.750 with 7 independent variables. This data suggests that this method be applied to predict osteoporosis, but also other various diseases. In addition, it is expected to be used as basic data for big data research in the health care field.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.462-475
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• 2022

Although researchers have proposed numerous techniques for speech emotion recognition, its performance remains unsatisfactory in many application scenarios. In this study, we propose a speech emotion recognition model based on a genetic algorithm (GA)-decision tree (DT) fusion of deep and acoustic features. To more comprehensively express speech emotional information, first, frame-level deep and acoustic features are extracted from a speech signal. Next, five kinds of statistic variables of these features are calculated to obtain utterance-level features. The Fisher feature selection criterion is employed to select high-performance features, removing redundant information. In the feature fusion stage, the GA is is used to adaptively search for the best feature fusion weight. Finally, using the fused feature, the proposed speech emotion recognition model based on a DT support vector machine model is realized. Experimental results on the Berlin speech emotion database and the Chinese emotion speech database indicate that the proposed model outperforms an average weight fusion method.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.718-724
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• 2012

Sugars play important roles in petal senescence of cut flowers. In the Expt. 1 of this study, the effects of different concentrations of glucose (60, 90, and $120g{\cdot}L^{-1}$) and sucrose (30, 60, and $90g{\cdot}L^{-1}$) application on the vase life, rate of flower diameter increase, rate of flower weight increase and ethylene production of cut tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa 'Luoyang Hong') were evaluated. At the earlier stage, treatments of different concentrations of glucose and sucrose all retarded the process of flower opening and inhibited the increase of flower diameter and weight, while senescence of flowers fed with different concentrations of glucose was delayed at later stage. Flowers treated with $90g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ glucose displayed the longest vase life, which showed significant difference (P < 0.05) from those of flowers with the control and sucrose treatments. All treatments with glucose or sucrose not only retarded the decrease of flower diameter and weight, but also suppressed the ethylene production at the earlier stage and delayed the peak of ethylene evolution. In order to study the effect of exogenous sugar on the postharvest response of cut tree peony to ethylene, Expt. 2 was conducted. Cut flowers were treated with $90g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ glucose for 4 hours before (GE) or after (EG) exposed to $10{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ethylene for 4 hours. Generally, the opening process of flowers with GE and EG treatments was similar to that of the control, however GE treatment delayed flower senescence. Both GE and EG treatments improved flower diameter and weight, and GE treatment delayed the time of flower weight decrease. Besides, GE delayed climacteric ethylene evolution for 8 hours. All above suggest that exogenous sugars delay tree peony 'Luoyang Hong' cut flower senescence and extend flower vase life through their roles in the decrease of water loss and the suppression of sensitivity to ethylene and ethylene production.