• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.151-164
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• 1999

The large deflection theory of the Mindlin plate and Galerkin's method are employed to examine the static responses of a plate produced by the weight of the plate, and the dynamic responses of the plate caused by the coupling effect of these static responses with a set of moving forces. Results obtained by the large deflection theory are compared with those by the small deflection theory. The results indicate that the effect of weight of the plate increases the modal frequencies of the structure. The deviations of dynamic transverse deflection and of dynamic bending moment produced by a moving concentrated force between the two theories are significant for a thin plate with a large area. Both dynamic transverse deflection and dynamic bending moment obtained by the Mindlin plate theory are greater than those by the classical plate.

• 지구물리
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2005

The digital surface model (DSM) is used for several purposes in photogrammetry, remote sensing and laser scanned data such as orthoimage production, contours erivation, extraction of height information. Creation of a surface model from point-clouds (3-D sparse points) that can be derived from stereo imagery and range data (e.g. laser scanned data) can be done with several mathematical interpolation models. In this paper, thin-plate-spline (TPS) is used for digital surface modeling. Determination of suitable weight is an important problem in thin-plate function for a surface. The Voronoi algorithm has been proposed as a method for determination of the weight in thin-plate-spline. In this paper, methods has been tested for different surfaces. The results show that thin-plate-spline can be independent of weight.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.194-202
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• 2003

To make railway carbody light in weight has advantages at some aspects of both manufacturing and maintenance. Recently, railway carbodys of steel structure have been lightened their weight by using aluminum extrusion plate. for the additional lightening of railway carbody, an optimal design which maintains proper strength and minimizes weight must be achieved. Optimization which is used with finite element analysis for aluminum extrusion plate has the disadvantage of consuming much time. In this paper, the method of equivalent material property which is available to FEA code is established using the method of equivalent stiffness. This method for plate is expanded into the method for railway carbody structure with plates and shells. An objective function is established for maximum stiffness of unit aluminum extrusion plate using established method of equivalent material property. We performed an multi-objective optimization using the penalty function method. As a result, recommendable shapes and sizes of unit extrusion plate for under-frame of high speed train is presented.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2014

대형 LNG 내부 탱크의 내측 벽체에 가설되는 스티프너의 제작에 있어 판재 비용을 최소화하기 위하여 다양한 스티프너 규격에 따른 원 판재의 소요 중량과 비용을 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 판재 물량 산정 프로그램을 개발하여 자동화함으로써 설계자가 수작업으로 수행하는 물량 산정을 작업시간의 단축과 함께, 다양한 중량과 비용의 분석이 가능하도록 하였다. 분석결과, 판재 폭이 큰 것을 사용할수록 스티프너를 제작하는데 사용되는 원 판재의 총 소요개수, 중량 및 비용이 감소하였으나, 최적의 LNG탱크용 스티프너 판재 폭을 결정하기 위해서는 소요 판재의 중량과 함께 비용의 분석이 필요하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.464-472
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• 2017

The qualities of rice cooked on heat plate, induction heat and heat plate with pressure, were investigated. The weight, volume, water soluble index (WSI), hydration by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), and gelatinization by DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), as well as the consumer acceptability of cooked rice were analyzed. The weight, volume and WSI of rice cooked on heat plate with pressure were higher than those of rice cooked on heat plate and induction heat. The rice cooked on heat plate with pressure also showed higher degree of hydration and gelatinization, and lower degree of enthalpy of gelatinization than the rice cooked on heat plate and induction heat for 5~15 min. The consumer acceptability revealed that the odor, appearance, taste, texture and overall acceptance of rice cooked on induction heat were better than those of rice cooked on heat plate and heat plate with pressure. During storage in a cooker for 0~12 h, there was a decrease in the consumer acceptability of cooked rice. Overall results indicate that the qualities of rice cooked on induction heat and heat plate with pressure were higher than those of rice cooked on heat plate.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2008

The increase of system weight due to installation of cooling devices adds electrical and mechanical loads of humanoid robot, and in return, results in much heat. Therefore, the weight of cooling system is a critical issue for robot cooling. In this study, we propose non-metallic cold plates to deal with such problems. We compare thermal performances between one metallic cold plate and five different types of non-metallic cold plates. A metallic cold plate is totally made of copper. Five non-metallic PC(polycarbonate) cold plates, which are designed to reduce the overall weight of robot cooling system, are composed of a polycarbonate cover with different types of base plate. The overall heat transfer coefficients per unit mass and thermal resistances are obtained for the cold plates. The metallic cold plate shows the best thermal performance. It is interesting to note that the PC cold plate with an aluminum base plate with 18 channels shows the best overall heat transfer coefficient per unit mass. Most polycarbonate cold plates display fairly comparable thermal performance with more reduced system weight compared to the metallic cold plate.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2017

Purpose: In recent years, weight reduction for improving fuel efficiency of the vehicle and cost reduction have been developed. The structure of suspension link is widely used as a single plate press structure which can reduce process and weight compared to existing pipe welding method. However, it was found that the lifetime of a single plate press structure is determined by initial defects that occurred during initial manufacturing rather than fatigue damage caused by driving. Methods: I research the mechanism of failure phenomenon of the single plate press assist arm of rear wheel. In addition, I investigate durability effect parameters to determine the link lifetime in inserting bush into single plate press process through durability test. Conclusion: I discover significant durability effect parameter in inserting bush into single plate press process. It is expected that the durability can be improved by suggesting a bush inserting process inspection guide for similar suspension link like single plate press structure.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 1990

A procedure to standardize camel carcass fabrication is proposed. This includes a definitive method of jointing the carcass into wholesale neck, shoulder, brisket, rib, plate, loin, flank, rump and leg cuts. Carcass cutout data were collected from the right sides of 21 Najdi male camels averaging 8, 16 and 26 months of age in order to determine the influence of age on the weight of each wholesale cut. The weight of body, empty body, hot carcass, cold carcass, hump fat, kidney, pelvic and heart fat (KPH) and each wholesale cut increased (p < .01) with age. Except for percent shrinkage and wholesale rump weight, all studied traits increased (p < .01) linearly as the age increased. This change was most pronounced in wholesale flank and plate cuts, increasing by 4.2 and 3.4 times, respectively, while the rump and shoulder cuts changed the least, increasing by 1.8 and 1.9 times, respectively. Allometric growth coefficients indicated that as the camel grew, the weight of rib, brisket, plate and flank cuts increased relatively more rapidly than did cold carcass or empty body weight and that the weight of wholesale shoulder, neck, leg and rump increased less rapidly than did cold carcass or empty body weight.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제78권5호
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• pp.611-622
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• 2021

Composite material-due to low density-causes weight savings, which results in lower fuel consumption of transport vehicles. The aim of the research was to change the existing base-plate of the aluminum airplane container with the composite sandwich plate in order to reduce the weight of the containers of cargo aircrafts. The newly constructed sandwich plate consists of aluminum honeycomb core and composite face-sheets. The face-sheets consist of glass or carbon or hybrid fiber layers. The orientations of the fibers in the face-sheets were 0°, 90° and ±45°. Multi-objective optimization method was elaborated for the newly constructed sandwich plates. Based on the design aim, the importance of the objective functions (weight and cost of sandwich plates) was the same (50%). During the optimization nine design constraints were considered: stiffness, deflection, facing stress, core shear stress, skin stress, plate buckling, shear crimping, skin wrinkling, intracell buckling. The design variables were core thickness and number of layers of the face-sheets. During the optimization both the Weighted Normalized Method of the Excel Solver and the Genetic Algorithm Solver of Matlab software were applied. The mechanical properties of composite face-sheets were calculated by Laminator software according to the Classical Lamination Plate Theory and Tsai-Hill failure criteria. The main added-value of the study is that the multi-objective optimization method was elaborated for the newly constructed sandwich structures. It was confirmed that the optimal new composite sandwich construction-due to weight savings and lower fuel consumption of cargo aircrafts - is more advantageous than conventional all-aluminum container.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2003

Water-insoluble chitosan with molecular weight of 2,000,000, 500,000, 80,000, and 40,000 and more than 90% of degree of deacetylation were used to test antibacterial activity of chitosan against a pathogenic bacteria, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA), which is being issued in the world. As experimental method, Agar plate Smear Method and Agar plate Contact Method were used. The moleculur weight of chitosan didn't exert significant influences on its antibacterial activity against MRSA but chitosan having molecular weight 40,000, 80,000 and 150,000 showed the excellent antibacterial activity. The antibacterial efHciency was excellent in applying it after chitosan was dissolved in acetic acid solution, while the antibacterial efficiency was not expressed nearly in case of applying after chitosan was dissolved in neutral water. Therefore, it is considered that chitosan can show the antibacterial efficiency only if a positive ion status of -NH₃/sup +/ is maintained. MIC of chitosan/acetic acid solution and cotton fabrics finished with chitosan/acetic acid solution showed in concentration of 0.05%.