• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.484-490
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to investigate extraction characteristics and antioxidative activity of Schiznadra chinensis extracts. Schiznadra chinensis was extracted by reflux extraction(RE) under different extraction conditions including solvent. The solid yield, turbidity, color value, titratable acidity, free sugar contents, electron donating ability(EDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like ability of Schiznadra chinensis extracts were determined. The highest solid yield value was obtained with water of 10 fold. No significant difference in turbidity and color value were found among the extracts prepared with various extraction solvents, 75% ethanol, 50% ethanol and water. The highest titratable acidity was obtained with water extracts of Schiznadra chinensis. The free sugar contents of Schiznadra chinensis extracted with water showed the highest value. Schiznadra chinensis extracts with water included higher contents of free sugar compared with those of the other solvent extracts,50% ethanol and 75% ethanol extracts. The total polyphenol compound content of Schiznadra chinensis extracted with 50% ethanol showed the highest value. Schiznadra chinensis extracts with 50% ethanol included higher contents of total polyphenol compound compared with those of the other solvent extracts, water and 75% ethanol extracts. The electron donating ability of extracts were 60.87% in water, 57.24% in 50% ethanol, and 55.61% in 75% ethanol.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.541-545
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• 2009

Water and ethanol extracts were prepared from the haesongi mushroom (Hypsizigus marmoreus) to measure functional components. The ability of the extracts to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and their hypoglycemic effects were also determined; the latter was measured by $\alpha$-amylase and glucosidase inhibition. Extraction yield, protein content, total phenol, and $\beta$-glucan in the water extracts were 55.86, 17.71, 1.89, and 21.93%, respectively. The respective values for the ethanol extracts were lower than those for water extracts. Both water and ethanol extracts showed dosedependent ACE inhibition, the effect of the former being greater. The water extract inhibited ACE activity by 95.34% at 40 mg/mL. The $IC_{50}$ values of the water extracts were 63.32 and 0.41 mg/mL for $\alpha$-amylase and glucosidase, respectively. Thus, the water extracts had a greater hypoglycemic effect than the ethanol extracts. From these results, water is a better solvent than ethanol to extract from the haesongi mushroom functional components that show ACE inhibition and have hypoglycemic effects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.943-949
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• 2012

The content phenolic compounds in extracts from Rehmannia glutinosa was the highest in 40% ethanol extracts as $5.1{\pm}0.2mg/g$. DPPH scavenging activity of R. glutinosa extracts was high in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 85~93%, ABTS radical cation decolorization of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts was about the same as 55~62%, antioxidant protection factor (PF) was confirmed in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 1.6~1.9 PF, and TBARs of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts were concluded to have the similar antioxidant effects. The hypertension inhibitory activity of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts from R. glutinosa indicated the activities as 87.2% and 81.1%, anti-gout activity was determined very low in R. glutinosa extracts and antimicrobial activity against skin microorgasm was confirmed, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was determined as 70.2% in 40% ethanol extracts, it was expected the whitening effects in 40% ethanol extracts. The elastase inhibitory activity which are related to the wrinkle cause was observed in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 76.2% and 57.2%. The hyaluronidase inhibitory activity to R. glutinosa extracts was observed weakly in only 40% ethanol extracts of $200{\mu}g/ml$ phenolic content as 5.1%.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2008

The purpose of this research relates to the development of natural preservatives. Here, Samultang ingredients (Rehmannia glutinosa, Cnidium officinale, Paeonia lactiflora and Angelica gigas) were extracted with distilled water and 70% ethanol, and the antibacterial and antioxidative activities of the extracts were tested. The highest polyphenol contents were found in the water and ethanol extracts of Paeonia lactiflora (100 g) at 843.2 mg and 721.1 mg, respectively (p<0.05). The ethanol extract of Cnidium officinale demonstrated antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes and S. aureus, and that from Paeonia lactiflora against S. aureus. The electron donating abilities (EDA) of the water extracts ranged from 67 to 84%, and those of the ethanol extracts ranged from 68 to 84% at 1,000 ppm. The superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activities of the water extracts ranged from 47 to 50%, and those of the ethanol extracts ranged from 50 to 56% at 1,000 ppm. The nitrite scavenging abilities (NSA) of the water extracts at 1,000 ppm of the water extracts ranged from 30 to 49%, and those of the ethanol extracts ranged from 42 to 54% at pH 1.2, respectively. The NSAs of the extracts were highest at pH 1.2, and then decreased with increasing pH. The highest levels of antibacterial and antioxidant activity occurred with the water and ethanol extracts of Paeonia lactiflora, which had the highest polyphenol content among the Samultang ingredients. Over all, the ethanol extracts of the Samultang ingredients had higher activities than the water extracts. Considering the combined results, one can conclude that Samultang ingredient extracts would be useful as natural preservatives in the development of health foods.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.53-60
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidative and fibrinolytic activity of the water and ethanol extracts from medicinal plants. Methods : Five kinds of medicinal plants(Carthami Flos, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Schisandrae Fructus, Atractylodes Rhizoma, Shiitake mushiroom) were extracted with distilled water and 70% ethanol, and the extracts were tested for their antioxidative and fibrilytic activities. Results : The highest polyphenol contents of the water and ethanol extracts from medicinal plants were 812.52 mg and 685.44 mg per 100 g of Carthamus tinctorius and Schizandra chinensis, respectively. The electron donating abilities (EDA) of the water extracts from all medicinal plants except Lentinus edodes were about 90% at 1,000 ppm and ethanol extracts were higher than those of water extracts. The highest SOD-like activity and nitrite scavenging abilities (NSA) were both of water and ethanol extracts from Schizandra chinensis. Five kinds of medicinal plants had fibrinolytoc activity and the highest activities were water and ethanol extracts from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. Conclusion : These results suggest that the medicinal plants can be used as natural antioxidant to prevent oxidative damage in normal cells probably because of their antioxidative and fibrinolytic activities.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.192-196
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• 1991

As a part of studios on the Quality control of index components in crude drug preparations, extraction yields of ginseng saponins from crude drug extracts were identified by TLC and quantified by HPLC. So-Shi-Ho-Tang(小柴胡湯), Sa-Kun-Ja-Tang(四君子湯), Yook-Kun-Ja-Tang(六君子湯) and In-sam-Tang(人蔘湯) were extracted with water, 30%-ethanol, 50%-ethanol, 80%-ethanol and absolute ethanol to analyze ginseng saponins in the crude drug extracts prepared with various concentrations of ethanol. Ginseng saponins were extracted considerably more from the extracts with higher concentrations of ethanol than those with water or lower concentrations of ethanol. Extraction yields of ginseng-side-Rb$_1$, -Rb$_2$ and -R$_c$ from four crude drug preparations were the lowest as 4.9~45.9%, 5.0~40.1, and 6.3~43.7% in water extract and the highest as 29.5~62.6%, 26.7~61.4% and 31.4~62.0% in absolute ethanol extract, compared with those of 80%-methanol extracts.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.658-662
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• 2007

It has been well known that mushroom polysaccharide extracts have superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. So we studied the efficacy and anti-oxidative effect of mushroom(Auricularia auricula U.) in rats treated with water and ethanol extracts of Auricularia auricula U after inducing dryness of skin by the application of detergent. The results of the research for of the efficacy and anti-oxidative effect Auricularia auricula U. are as follows thats. Weight gain and feed intake in animals treated with water extracts and ethanol extracts are significantly higher(p<0.05) than animal treated with detergent. Animals treated with water extracts of Auricularia auricula U. compared to animals treated with ethanol extracts have the higher HDL-cholesterol levels in the blood and the lower LDL-cholesterol levels in the blood. SOD-like activity of the ethanol extracts of Auricularia auricula U. was $27.39{\pm}1.61%$ at 2000ppm.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.352-357
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to investigate extraction characteristics and antioxidative activity of Lycium chinense extracts. Lycium chinense were extracted by reflux extraction(RE) under different extraction conditions including solvent. The solid yield, turbidity, color value, titratable acidity, free sugar contents, electron donating ability(EDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like ability of Lycium chinense extracts were determined. The highest solid yield value were obtained with water of 10 fold. No significant difference in turbidity and color value were found among the extracts prepared with various extraction solvents, 75$\%$ ethanol, 50$\%$ ethanol and water. The highest titratable acidity were obtained with water of Lycium chinense. The free sugar contents of Lycium chinense extracted with water showed the highest value. Lycium chinense extracts with water included higher contents of free sugar compared with those of the other solvent extracts, 50$\%$ ethanol and 75$\%$ ethanol extracts. The total polyphenol compounds content of Lycium chinense extracted with 50% ethanol showed the highest value. Lycium chinense extracts with 50$\%$ ethanol included higher contents of total polyphenol compound compared with those of the other solvent extracts, water and 75$\%$ ethanol extracts.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.321-327
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nitrite scavenging activity of the ethanol and water extracts obtained from Hizikia fusiforme and Sargassum fulvelum using sodium nitrite under different pH conditions. The nitrite scavenging activity was appeared in all the extracts examined and it showed the highest value at pH 1.2 The ethanol extract of Hizikia fusiforme provided higher activity than the water extract of that. Ohterwise, the nitrite scavenging activity of Sargassum fulvelum ethanol extract was similar to that Sargassum fulvelum water extract. There was significant difference among concentration of extracts Hizikia fusiforme and Sargassum fulvelum. Also, nitrite scavenging activity of the extracts Hizikia fusiforme and Sargassum fulvelum decreased with higher pH condition. In addition, the activity was increaed with higher concentration of extracts Hizikia fusiforme and Sargassum fulvelum in the course of reaction time 30 minute to 3 hour.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2017

The phenolic contents which were extracted with water and 70% ethanol from O. undulatifolius were 7.7, 10.1 mg/g, respectively. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity of water and ethanol extracts were 78, 82% at $50{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics, respectively. The 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation decolorization activity were 92, 76% at $100{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics. Antioxidant protection factor in water and ethanol extracts at $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics were 1.51 and 2.08 PF, respectively. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance were 84% in water extracts and 99% in ethanol extracts at $50{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics, respectively. The inhibition activity on ${\alpha}-Glucosidase$ was 44% in ethanol extracts at $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics. The inhibition activity on ${\alpha}-amylase$ was 37-88% in water extracts at $50-200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics. The tyrosinase inhibition activity as whitening effect were 82% in ethanol extracts. The elastase inhibition activity were 4, 61% in water and ethanol extracts, respectively. The collagenase inhibition activity of antiwrinkle effect showed an excellent wrinkle improvement effect as 39% in water extracts and 67% in ethanol extracts at $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics, respectively. The hyaluronidase inhibition activity as anti-inflammation effect of ethanol extracts was confirmed to 46% of inhibition at $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolic. The astringent effect of water and ethanol extracts was confirmed to 13, 32% of effect at $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolic, respectively.