• 제목/요약/키워드: volumes

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System dynamics를 이용한 중국 컨테이너 물동량 예측에 관한 연구 (Forecasting of Container Cargo Volumes of China using System Dynamics)

  • 김형호;전준우;여기태
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.157-163
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    • 2017
  • 항만 물동량 예측은 항만관리 기관의 투자계획에 매우 중요한 요소이다. 더불어 최근 항만은 물동량 유치를 위한 치열한 경쟁을 이어가고 있기 때문에 항만 정책수립에 있어 국내외 주요국의 물동량 예측은 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 항만 물동량 예측이 항만의 개발정책에 매우 중요하지만 최적의 물동량 예측 모델 개발에는 아직 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 중국 컨테이너 물동량 예측모델 제시를 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 중국 컨테이너 물동량 예측은 Clarkson's Shipping Intelligence Network를 통해 수집한 2004년 1월부터 2015년 12월까지 12년간의 월간 데이터를 System Dynamics를 사용하여 2004년부터 2020년까지 변화를 시뮬레이션 하였다. 실제 중국 컨테이너 물동량 데이터와 Stock-flow 다이어그램을 통해 도출된 예측값을 비교하여 모델의 정확도를 검증했다. 검증결과 수 출입 컨테이너 예측모델은 MAPE값이 각각 6.21 %, 7.68 %로 나타나 정확한 예측모델로 확인되었다.

대학도서관의 장서개발 관련요소와 장서규모간의 관계분석 (An Analysis on Correlations between the Factors Related to Collection Development and Collection Size of University Libraries in Korea)

  • 손정표
    • 정보관리학회지
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.103-125
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    • 2001
  • 이 연구는 86개 4년제 대학도서관을 대상으로 장서개발을 관련 요소와 유형별 장서규모간의 상관관계와 상관계수의 차의 유무를 구명한 것이다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 상관분석 결과 도서와 연속간행물은 설립자별에 따라 1∼2개 요소를 제외하고 모두 정(正)의 상관관계를, 비도서자료는 대부분 무상관을 나타냈다. 그리고 국공립대와 사립대의 상관계수 순위는 연속간행물이 61%의 일치도를 보인 반면, 도서는 거의 무일치로 나타났다. 상관계수간의 차이 분석결과 요소별로는 총 도서수만 상당수의 요소들이 뚜렷한 차를 나타냈고, 장서유형별로는 총 도서수와 연간 도서증가량간에는 대부분의 요소가 총 도서수와, 연간 도서증가량과 연속간행물간에는 2∼3개의 요소가 연속간행물과, 총 도서수와 연속간행물간에는 대부분의 요소가 총 도서수와 더 높은 관계를 나타냈다.

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고려재조대장목록고 (A study on the second edition of Koryo Dae-Jang-Mock-Lock)

  • 정필모
    • 한국문헌정보학회지
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    • 제17권
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    • pp.11-47
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    • 1989
  • This study intends to examine the background and the procedure of the carving of the tablets of the second edition of Dae-Jang-Mock­Lock(재조대장목록). the time and the route of the moving of the tablets. into Haein-sa, and the contents and the system of it. This study is mainly based on the second edition of Dae-Jang-Mock-Lock. But the other closely related materials such as restored first. edition of the Dae- Jang-Mock-Lock, Koryo Sin-Jo-Dae-Jang-Byeol-Lock (고려신조대장교정별록). Kae-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock (개원석교록). Sok-Kae­Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock (속개원석교록). Jeong-Won-Sin-Jeong-Seok-Kyo­Lock(정원신정석교록), Sok-Jeong-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock(속정원석교록), Dea-Jung-Sang-Bu-Beob-Bo-Lock(대중상부법보록), and Kyeong-Woo-Sin-Su-Beob-Bo-Lock(경우신수법보록), are also analysed and closely examined. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. The second edition of Tripitaka Koreana(고려대장경) was carved for the purpose of defending the country from Mongolia with the power of Buddhism, after the tablets of the first edition in Buin-sa(부이사) was destroyed by fire. 2. In 1236. Dae-Jang-Do-Gam(대장도감) was established, and the preparation for the recarving of the tablets such as comparison between the content, of the first edition of Tripitalk Koreana, Gal-Bo-Chik-Pan-Dae­Jang-Kyeong and Kitan Dae- Jang-Kyeong, transcription of the original copy and the preparation of the wood, etc. was started. 3. In 1237 after the announcement of Dae-Jang-Gyeong-Gak-Pan-Gun­Sin-Gi-Go-Mun(대장경핵판군신석고문), the carving was started on a full scale. And seven years later (1243), Bun-Sa-Dae-Jang-Do-Gam(분사대장도감) was established in the area of the South to expand and hasten the work. And a large number of the tablets were carved in there. 4. It took 16 years to carve the main text and the supplements of the second edition of Tripitaka Koreana, the main text being carved from 1237 to 1248 and the supplement from 1244 to 1251. 5. It can be supposed that the tablets of the second edition of Tripitaka Koreana, stored in Seon-Won-Sa(선원사), Kang-Wha(강화), for about 140 years, was moved to Ji-Cheon-Sa(지천사), Yong-San(용산), and to Hae-In-Sa(해인사) again, through the west and the south sea and Jang-Gyeong-Po(장경포), Go-Ryeong(고령), in the autumn of the same year. 6. The second edition of Tripitaka Koreana was carved mainly based on the first edition, comparing with Gae-Bo-Chik-Pan-Dae-Jang-Kyeong(개보판대장경) and Kitan Dae-Jang-Kyeong(계단대장경). And the second edition of Dae-Jang-Mock-Lock also compiled mainly based on the first edition with the reference to Kae-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock and Sok-Jeong-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock. 7. Comparing with the first edition of Dae-Jang-Mock-Lock, in the second edition 7 items of 9 volumes of Kitan text such as Weol-Deung­Sam-Mae-Gyeong-Ron(월증삼매경론) are added and 3 items of 60 volumes such as Dae-Jong-Ji-Hyeon-Mun-Ron(대종지현문논) are substituted into others from Cheon chest(천함) to Kaeng chest(경함), and 92 items of 601 volumes such as Beob-Won-Ju-Rim-Jeon(법원주임전) are added after Kaeng chest. And 4 items of 50 volumes such as Yuk-Ja-Sin-Ju-Wang-Kyeong(육자신주왕경) are ommitted in the second edition. 8. Comparing with Kae-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock, Cheon chest to Young chest (영함) of the second edition is compiled according to Ib-Jang-Lock(입장록) of Kae-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock. But 15 items of 43 vol­umes such as Bul-Seol-Ban-Ju-Sam-Mae-Kyeong(불설반주삼매경) are ;added and 7 items of 35 volumes such as Dae-Bang-Deung-Dae-Jib-Il­Jang-Kyeong(대방등대집일장경) are ommitted. 9. Comparing with Sok-Jeong-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock, 3 items of the 47 volumes (or 49 volumes) are ommitted and 4 items of 96 volumes are ;added in Caek chest(책함) to Mil chest(밀함) of the second edition. But the items are arranged in the same order. 10. Comparing with Dae- Jung-Sang-Bo-Beob-Bo-Lock, the arrangement of the second edition is entirely different from it. But 170 items of 329 volumes are also included in Doo chest(두함) to Kyeong chest(경함) of the second edition, and 53 items of 125 volumes in Jun chest(존함) to Jeong chest(정함). And 10 items of 108 volumes in the last part of Dae-Jung-Sang-Bo-Beob-Bo-Lock are ommitted and 3 items of 131 volumes such as Beob-Won-Ju-Rim-Jeon(법원주임전) are added in the second edition. 11. Comparing with Kyeong-Woo-Sin-Su-Beob-Bo-Lock, all of the items (21 items of 161 volumes) are included in the second edition without ;any classificatory system. And 22 items of 172 volumes in the Seong­Hyeon-Jib-Jeon(성현집전) part such as Myo-Gak-Bi-Cheon(묘각비전) are ommitted. 12. The last part of the second edition, Joo chest(주함) to Dong chest (동함), includes 14 items of 237 volumes. But these items cannot be found in any other former Buddhist catalog. So it might be supposed as the Kitan texts. 13. Besides including almost all items in Kae-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock and all items in Sok-Jeong-Won-Seok-Kyo-Lock, Dae-Jung-Sang-Bo­Beob-Bo-Lock, and Kyeong-Woo-Sin-Su-Beob-Bo-Lock, the second edition of Dae-Jang-Mock-Lock includes more items, at least 20 items of about 300 volumes of Kitan Tripitaka and 15 items of 43 volumes of traditional Korean Tripitake that cannot be found any others. Therefore, Tripitaka Koreana can be said as a comprehensive Tripitaka covering all items of Tripitakas translated in Chinese character.

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목포항 여객수 및 적정 선복량 추정에 관한 연구 (Forecasting of Passenger Numbers, Freight Volumes and Optimal Tonnage of Passenger Ship in Mokpo Port)

  • 장운재;금종수
    • 한국항해항만학회지
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    • 제28권6호
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    • pp.509-515
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    • 2004
  • 여객수와 화물량에 대한 예측은 터미널의 개발 및 계획, 선사의 적정선복량 화보를 위해 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 역전파 학습 알고리즘을 이용한 뉴럴네트웍을 이용하여 목포항 여객수와 화물량을 예측하였다. 그리고 이동평균법, 지수평활법, 뉴럴네트웍의 예측수행을 평균제곱오차, 절대평균오차로 비교하여 뉴럴네트웍의 예측수행능력이 우수함을 검정하였다. 또한 2005년 목포항 여객수와 화물량을 예측하여 여객선 선복량의 적정성을 분석하였다.

Poly(acrylonitrile)-poly(vinyl chloride) 공중합체의 자체 확산 계수와 유동 자유 홀부피 (Self Diffusion Coefficients and Free Hole Volumes of Poly(acrylonitrile)-poly(vinyl chloride) Copolymers)

  • 김남정
    • Elastomers and Composites
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    • 제46권3호
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    • pp.245-250
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    • 2011
  • Poly(acrylonitrile)-poly(vinyl chloride) 공중합체 섬유의 비결정성 영역에서의 자체 확산 계수와 홀 부피를 응력완화 실험으로 규명하였다. 응력완화 실험은 용매기를 부착한 인장 시험기를 사용하였다. 이론적인 응력완화식 에 응력완화 실험 결과를 적용하여 여러 가지 유동 파라메타를 계산하였다. 유동 파라메타로부터 섬유고분자 물질의 홀부피, 자체확산, 점성, 열역학파라메타 등을 계산하였다. 이들 시료의 유동 파라메타는 유동 단위의 홀 부피, 자체확 산, 유동 활성화 에너지와 직접적인 연관을 갖는 것으로 규명되었다.

EBM 기반구축을 위한 보중익기탕 실험 연구 분석 (Analysis of studies on Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) to establish the fundament for Evidence Based Medicine (EBM))

  • 김정훈;이준경;신현규
    • 한국한의학연구원논문집
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.135-167
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    • 2011
  • Objective : To establish the fundament for EBM of Traditional Korean Medicine, the papers on Bojungikgitang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) frequently used in medical institutions of Traditional Korean Medicine were analyzed through researching domestic and international papers. Methods : The papers were classified by the registration of domestic or international journals, the year of publishment, experimental fields and the kinds of studies on biological activities. Results : Among 2005 volumes of papers on Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang), 219 volumes were selected according to selective criteria. 71 volumes were published in domestic journals, 52 volumes were in Chinese journal, 96 volumes were in Japanese journal. The papers on instrumental analyses reported the quantification of standard compounds of herbal medicines in Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) using HPLC method. The papers on biological activities of Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) showed mainly immune regulation, anti-infection, anti-cancer, gastrointestinal activity, neuropsychiatric regulation, anti-inflammation, hepatoprotection, musculoskeletal regulation. Among biological activities, papers on immume regulation were reported mostly. Conclusions : The efficacy of Bojungikgi-tang(Buzhongyiqi-tang) could be related to immune regulation, gastrointestinal activity, anti-fatigue and further study need to be preceeded to establish the fundament for EBM of Bojungikgitang(Buzhongyiqi-tang).

조선시대 활자본 한지의 특성 (제1보) - 기본 물성 및 해부학적 특성 - (Characteristics of the Hanji for Movable Types Printing Volumes of the Joseon Dynasty (Part 1) - Physical and Anatomical Properties of the Hanji -)

  • 윤용현;이승철;최태호
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제43권1호
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    • pp.47-56
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    • 2011
  • This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of the Hanji which had been used for movable types printing volumes of the Joseon Dynasty. A total 29 volumes which had printed with metal and wooden movable types, were examined on the physical properties, fiber morphology, and color reactions. The grammage of all of the Hanji which had been used for movable types printing volumes were $13.10-51.65g/m^2$ and on the average was $25g/m^2$. The apparent density of the Hanji was $0.23-1.65g/cm^3$ and on the average was $0.4g/cm^3$. In almost all movable types printing volumes, the Hanji had undergone Dochim which is a processing of printability improvement. Through the examination on fiber morphology and color reactions, Hanji was investigated into that all of those were made from paper mulberry bast fiber.

메탄올-물 혼합액에서의 염화 아닐린늄의 분몰랄부피 (Partial Molal Volumes of Anilinium Chloride in Methanol-Water Mixtures)

  • 윤상기;이익춘
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.9-12
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    • 1969
  • Partial molal volumes of anilinium chloride in several methanol-water mixtures have been determined at $30.0^{\circ}C$. The maximum in limiting slopes and the minimum in partial molal volumes at 0.4 mole fraction have been interpreted as the result of maximum electrostriction of the solvent with the minimum free volume.

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Experimental technique for efficiency transfer along different geometries and volumes

  • Haddad, Kh;AL-Homyed, A.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제53권2호
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    • pp.695-698
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    • 2021
  • Efficiency calibration is a fundamental procedure in gamma spectrometric measurement. Experimental technique for efficiency calibration transfer in gamma spectrometer along different geometries and volumes has been developed and validated in this work. The developed technique offers simple and easy procedures to overcome several problems encountered in efficiency calibration of gamma spectrometer such as rate-related correction and different sample volumes. The validation shows that application of the developed technique has a precision of 95%.

Activation Volumes of Wall-Motion and Nucleation Processes in Co/Pd Multilayers

  • Choe, Sug-Bong;Shin, Sung-Chul
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.35-39
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    • 2000
  • The correlation between the activation volumes of wall-motion and nucleation processes in Co/Pd multilayers has been investigated. Each activation volume was estimated from the field dependence of the wall-motion speed and the nucleation rate, respectively, based on time-resolved domain patterns grabbed by a MOKE microscope system. Both the activation volumes are changed in the same manner around $0.2\sim1.1\times10^{-17}cm^3$ with changes in the multilayered structure. Interestingly, the correlation between the activation volumes is sensitive to the multilayered structure; the wall-motion activation volume is smaller than the nucleation activation volume for a sample having a smaller number of repeats and a thinner Co-layer thickness, and vice versa. The correlation is closely related with the contrasting reversal modes; the process having the smaller activation volume dominates.

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