• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2022

Zoological Parks house exclusive animal species, thus creating a source of education and awareness for visitors. Big cats like tigers and leopards are among the most visited species in zoos globally. However, they often display stressful or stereotypic behaviours. Such behaviours are influenced by multiple factors including visitors, animal history, and captive environment. To understand this impact, we investigated the behavioural response of tigers and leopards to visitation, captive, and biological factors. The behaviour of eight big cats housed in the National Zoological Park, New Delhi, was monitored using focal sampling technique during May and June 2019. We recorded the captive and biological factors and visitor density for the subjects. The study revealed high proportions of inactive and stereotypic behaviours amongst the species. Tigers and leopards were found to perform stereotypic behaviours for 22% and 28% of their time, respectively. Generalised Linear Models revealed a significant variation of stereotypy in association with the factors. Stereotypy was influenced by visitor density, age, sex, breeding history, coat colour, and enclosure design. Adults, males, white-coated, previously bred, and those housed in smaller and simple enclosures display more stereotypy than young, females, normal-coated, unbred, and those housed in larger and complex enclosures, respectively. A high density of visitors induced more stereotypic behaviours amongst the big cats. As providing entertainment and awareness amongst the public is one of the fundamental objectives of the zoo, visitors can not be avoided. Thus, we suggest providing appropriate enrichments that would reduce stereotypies and promote naturalistic behaviours.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.16 no.1_spc
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• pp.95-103
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• 2024

With the rapid decline of the school-age population, the competition for admissions has increased and marketing through digital channels has become more important, so universities are investing more resources in online promotion and communication to recruit new students. This study uses Google Analytics, a web log analysis tool, to track the visitor behavior of a university admissions website and establish a digital marketing strategy based on it. The analysis period was set from July 1, 2023, when Google Analytics 4(GA4) was integrated, to January 10, 2024, when the college admissions process was completed. The analysis revealed interesting patterns such as geographical information based on visitors' access location, devices(operating systems) and browsers used by visitors, acquisition channels through visitors traffic, conversions on pages and screens that visitors engaged with and visitor flow. Based on this study, we expect universities to find ways to strengthen their admission promotion through digital marketing and effectively communicate with applicants to gain a competitive edge.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.94-104
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• 2017

This study carried out field evaluation by experts, monitoring by the public, and visitor satisfaction survey for 77 cases of utilization of cultural property projects that received support from "Living and Breathing Hyanggyo and Seowon" in 2016. The result was 'normal' for the comprehensive evaluation, and by section, 'good' for planning, operating, performance, outcome and annual special index. The field evaluation by experts was rated as 'good', monitoring by the public was 'good', and also 'good' for visitor satisfaction survey. The advantages of the project were as follows; increased chance for enjoyment of local cultural heritage, expansion of human network for utilization of local cultural heritage, utilization of cultural heritage as community place, diversification of educational contents by using cultural heritage. On the other hand, the disadvantages were as follows; decline of program's quality, shortage of putting plan in practice, insufficient interest and participation of local government, insufficient promoting, shortage of educational contents for free semester system. At last, we suggested measures to develop the project as follows; develop program by using local characteristics, develop programs for foreigner, training experts, increasing on-line promotion, develop new lecture technique, utilization of cultural heritage as a local community place, utilization planning by each space, improvement of evaluation system, tightening up reflection of visitor's opinions, consulting for each programs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.90-103
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• 2017

This study carried out field evaluation by experts, monitoring by the public, and visitor satisfaction survey for 88 sites by using cultural property projects that received support from "SaengSaeng Cultural Property"in 2016. The result of the comprehensive evaluation was 'good', the part of planning, outcome, annual special index were 'good', field operation and performance were 'normal'. The field evaluation was rated as 'normal' by experts, monitoring by the public was 'good', and visitor satisfaction survey was also 'good'. The advantages of the project were as follows; increased enjoyment of local cultural assets, utilization of historical and cultural heritage as tourism, expansion of local participation and cooperation. On the other hand, the disadvantages were as follows; shortage of promotion to other local people, deterioration of program's quality, insufficient materials for explanation of cultural assets, insufficient program for staying. We suggested measures to develop the project as follows; developing paid contents in order to secure sustainability, connection with other programs, developing representative program and brand, improvement of environment to participate, strengthening of role for experienced local organization, utilization of local artists and volunteers, exchange between local organization, promoting by government organization, managing existing visitors, establishing of strategy for promotion, improvement of monitoring by the public, strengthening of reflection of visitor's opinions, consulting for each programs.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.245-251
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• 2021

As the trend of steadily increasing the number of single or double household, there is a growing demand to see who is the outsider visiting the home during the free time. Various models of face recognition technology have been proposed through many studies, and Harr Cascade of OpenCV and Hog of Dlib are representative open source models. Among the two modes, Dlib's Hog has strengths in front of the indoor and at a limited distance, which is the focus of this study. In this paper, a face recognition visitor access system based on Dlib was designed and implemented. The whole system consists of a front module, a server module, and a mobile module, and in detail, it includes face registration, face recognition, real-time visitor verification and remote control, and video storage functions. The Precision, Specificity, and Accuracy according to the change of the distance threshold value were calculated using the error matrix with the photos published on the Internet, and compared with the results of previous studies. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the implemented system was operating normally, and the result was confirmed to be similar to that reported by Dlib.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.181-192
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• 2021

This study surveyed visitors' perceptions of Mudeungsan National Park's Seoseokdae Trail Section (STS) on the visitor reservation system (VRS). Data were collected from 248 visitors to STS selected through convenient sampling in May 2019. The majority (86.9%) of the respondents rated their overall experience in STS as either "no problem at all" or "little problem". Moreover, 43.0% of the respondents were aware of the VRS. The most popular information source for VRS was the Internet (49.7%), followed by other people (18.4%) and broadcasting media, e.g., TV (17.7%). While 69.9% of the respondents thought that implementation of VRS would be effective in improving managerial conditions of the STS, respondents perceived that "cumbersome reservation procedures" (79.3%) of the VRS operation was the most important problem, followed by "unfairness associated with Internet familiarity gap" (78.7%) and "deprivation of the opportunities to visit freely" (76.3%). The support for VRS implementation was higher among higher-aged, married, higher-educated, more frequent STS visitors, Gwangju residents, and solo visitors than the other groups. The "knowledge level about VRS" and "the awareness level about potential problems associated with VRS operation" negatively influenced the support for the implementation of VRS, while "the perceived managerial effectiveness of VRS" positively influenced it.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.60-73
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• 2011

Since Jeju Ollegil opened in September 2007 and attracted the sensation of popularity throughout the country, the interest in 'Walking Trails' has increased, and the central ministries and the local governments composite and assign various 'Walking Trails'. Walking trails are not tours on which people go to see one spot and move to another spot by vehicle, but a long linear journey that leads people to see, to feel and to experience a region's landscape and culture while walking on the trail. 'Walking Trails' are efficient routes to discover and to use a former way and to link the various ecological regions' histories and cultural resources, so it is most important to select a route. Although the routes were selected by considering the various planning factors and giving each route a specified theme, some problems like the inconvenience of visitors caused by lack of facilities have occurred. After designation and construction of the trails, they were not properly evaluated by visitors. Therefore, it is the purpose of this study to suggest a better way to construct the trails by surveying visitor satisfaction and by analyzing the impact of planning a route on visitor satisfaction at Bukhansan Dulegil which was completed. For this study, with a questionnaire based on the literature review to identify the important planning factors for selecting a route, a survey was conducted on visitor satisfaction for each section and their intention to revisit and to recommend that trail. Based on the characteristics of each section that was identified in the field research, the trails were classified into five types and satisfaction of each type and each type was analyzed. In addition, analyzing the impact of planning factors on satisfaction, the impact of satisfaction on revisiting and recommending and visitors' perception of the theme, further improvement for better construction of the trail was presented. Satisfaction of sectors with strong natural elements was higher; 'walking comfort' was the highest planning factor affecting satisfaction. In addition, satisfaction was surveyed to have high influence on revisiting and recommending.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.5
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• pp.24-29
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• 1995

Entering into the modern society, the discussion on the role played by and the social position held by museums are forced to take into account the visitors, that is, the general public being real consumers of culture in accord-ance with the enlargement of the study of the visi-tors. The study of a museum has been developed with priori-ty given to the architectural study and exhibition space, but the study of the form of circulation of visitors using the museum is believed to have put an emphasis on the rough form of circulation on the basis of the general and basic theory and the particulars while the discussions on the more concrete method of study and its application are excluded as a basis of approaching in details to exhi-bition plans or producing plans. Consequently, the purpose of the study is to under-stand the problems in the form of circulation in the exist-ing exhibition rooms, and to infer the planning principles of interior design with priority given to the problems in space composition, details of exhibitions, the points in method, recognitions by visitors and the relation of path line as a way of resolving the problem.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 1996

Ecological approach to conservation of Korea's National Parks (KNP) was reviewed. Four hundred twenty five reports on 15 national parks for 80 years (1915~1994) were analyzed in consideration of phytocoenotic information such as flora, plant community and landscape. Total species was recorded as 157 familles, 752 genera, and 2,369 species (64.3% of Korean flora), in which is included only 75 species of the protected plant species designated by the Ministry of EnvironMent. Occurrence patterns of plant species in national parks were quite similar to one another, but those of plant community were rather unique. Seventy-four of 97 plant communities were reported in only one of 15 national parks, which might be regarded as an endemic or local vegetetation type. These facts are far different from actual status of the KNP＇s ecosystem, which indicate that not only original data in previous reports are less informative, but also tools of investigation and description are too subjective, and thus these can never afford to monitor the ecosystem. From the correlation analysis between 10 ecological characteristics, the following results were obtained: (1) the species richness was positively associated with the area of national park, (2) the number of visitors was related to landscape diversity, (3) occurrence of the designated species was closely related to the vegetation diversity. Numerical analysis (cluster analysis and ordination) using dissimilarity ratio by ecological characteristics divided 15 national parks into 4 groups. The first group, composed of national parks of Chirisan, $S\v{o}laksan$, Sokrisan, Hallasan, $T\v{o}kyusan$, Odaesan, and Sobaeksan, is recognized as the best national parks in terms of ecological conservation values. Nevertheless, they have been faced with the threat of visitor stress. This study will contribute to the establishment of strategy for appropriate conservation and sustainable use of KNP.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.97 no.3
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• pp.340-347
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• 2008

This study investigates the conceptional structure between festival service quality, visitor's satisfaction, loyalty and festival effects in the Juwangsan Sudalrae mountainous local festival. In order to analyze the structural equation model the paper employed the LISREL (linear structural relationships) approach, covariance structural equation model. Data of 445 visitors were collected from the Juwangsan Sudalrae festival in 2008. Research findings showed that experience, facility and service are positively related to visitors' satisfaction. In addition, visitors' satisfaction is related to loyalty and festival effects. One of the major research findings is that the festival service most affects visitors' satisfaction. This implies that the host of mountainous local festival must put great emphasis on organizing hospitality and festival information. This will lead the festival to a great success and ultimately bring positive impacts to the mountainous residents.