• 제목/요약/키워드: violation enforcement

검색결과 48건 처리시간 0.031초

지적재산권분쟁의 중재적격에 관한 연구 -한국과 중국을 중심으로- (A Study on Arbitration Qualification of Intellectual Property Right Dispute - Focus on Korea and China -)

  • 최송자
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
    • /
    • 제21권2호
    • /
    • pp.27-46
    • /
    • 2011
  • In the intellectual based society of the 21th century, intellectual property of nation and enterprise management has been the key element of nation's competitiveness and development. Therefore in countries like Korea, China, and many other countries, intellectual property of advancement strategy are being constructed and intellectual properties are protected at national level. Top priority task of protecting the intellectual property is to efficiently resolute intellectual property right disputes. Considering the nature of intellectual property right and arbitrage system, arbitration to solve intellectual property disputes is realistically the best method. However, not all cases of them are qualified. In order to relieve the intellectual property disputes through arbitration, qualification must be obtained. During the process, generally and globally, intellectual property right dispute is evaluated by three parts, intellectual property right contract dispute, intellectual property right violation dispute, and intellectual property right validity dispute. Based on UN's "Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards Agreement" in 1958, June 10th, in New York, both arbitrage organization and judgment can be approved in both Korea and China countries. However, as of today, there is a big gap of arbitration qualification between two countries, which can be troublesome if intellectual property right disputes arise. For instance, in Korea, intellectual property right contract disputes and intellectual property right violation disputes are both generally accepted as arbitration qualification. However for intellectual property right validity dispute, arbitration qualification is only accepted for non-registered intellectual property as in copyright entity. It does not apply to other registered intellectual property right as in patents. In China, arbitration qualification is accepted for intellectual property right contract dispute, and also accepted for intellectual property right violation dispute to copyrights but restricted to others. As for intellectual property right validity dispute, arbitration qualification is completely denied. Therefore, when there is an intellectual property right dispute between Korea and China, the biggest problem is whether China will accept arbitrage judgments made in Korea. Theoretically, arbitrage judgement made in Korea should be also accepted in China's court. However, considering the criticism of China's passive nature of arbitration qualification for its own local intellectual property right disputes, it's very unlikely they'll actively accept arbitrary judgment made in foreign countries. Korea and China must have a more open minded approach for intellectual property disputes and arbitration qualification. Base on WTO's Intellectual Property Right Agreement, it's being defined as private right. Therefore, sovereign principle should be the basic principle of solving intellectual property right disputes. Currently, arbitration qualification is expanding internationally. So both Korea and China must also follow the trend expand the arbitration qualification with a more open minded and forward looking approach, for the good of intellectual property disputes.

  • PDF

국제상사분쟁해결(國際商事紛爭解決)을 위한 온라인중재(仲裁)에서 정당(正當)한 절차(節次)에 관한 연구(硏究) (A Study on the Due Process in Online Arbitral Proceeding for the International Commercial Disppute Settlement)

  • 유병욱
    • 무역상무연구
    • /
    • 제26권
    • /
    • pp.225-253
    • /
    • 2005
  • Nowadays we does not hesitate to definite answer that the arbitration is the most developed dispute settlement out of court in the international commercial transaction. Online arbitration is desirable for the reasons of speed and cost effectiveness to settle the dispute about the international commercial transaction. Online arbitration is fast because it uses the communication technologies that allow information to be sent fast and efficiently. But in online arbitration too much speed and efficiency may lead to a violation of due process rights and consequently the online arbitration awards run a risk to be set aside or refused its enforcement under the international commercial arbitration mechanism. Speed and efficiency may conflict with the procedural guarantee characterizing each adversary dispute resolution process. As arbitration is exclusive of recourse to courts, a state must guarantee that arbitral proceeding should be satisfied with the claim rights requirement. The main question regarding the sources of regulation is particularly for the due process whether or not this is provided by the availability of grounds to set arbitral award aside. In other words, does it respect due process in the arbitration proceeding including information communication and technology under the online arbitration. In this paper it is discussed about how the main issue in arbitration should be implemented in online arbitration proceedings to cope with the due process requirements in national and international.

  • PDF

분산시스템 환경에서 관리 객체에 대한 역할기반 접근제어 모델 (A Role-Based Access Control Model of Managed Objects in Distributed System Environments)

  • 최은복
    • 인터넷정보학회논문지
    • /
    • 제4권1호
    • /
    • pp.75-86
    • /
    • 2003
  • 본 논문에서는 역할기반 접근제어 정책을 지원할 수 있도록 관리객체 클래스 계층구조를 확장하였다. 또한, 관리 프로세스에 의해 설정되어지는 접근제어 규칙을 정적인 시간속성 외에 관리 정보에 대한 접근 권한을 수행하는 동적인 시간지원 기능을 갖는 선행조건에 관련된 제약사항 그리고 제약사항에 위배되었을 경우 관리자에게 보고되어야 할 위반 통지에 대해 기술하였다. 그리고 망관리 정보베이스에 대해 동적 시간지원 제약사항과 역할기반 접근제어 정책을 지원하는 시스템 구조를 제시하였다. 이 시스템에서는 BDL에 기반하여 접근제어의 집행과 결정함수에 관련된 모듈과 제약사항 그리고 각 역할들의 활성화 전이과정을 기술하므로써 동적 특성을 체계적이고 명확하게 표현하였다.

  • PDF

고령화 수준별 교통사고 심각성 분석 (Analysis of Traffic Accident Severity by Aging Level)

  • 김태양;박병호
    • 한국안전학회지
    • /
    • 제33권4호
    • /
    • pp.105-110
    • /
    • 2018
  • Korea has entered to 'aged society', which the elderly people over 65 years old is over 14% of total population. This paper aims to analyze the traffic accident by aging level. In pursuing the above, this paper focuses on modeling the traffic accident severity based on three aging levels. The main results are as follows. First, the ratio of fatal and serious injured persons (FSI) is judged to increase according to increasing aging level. Second, the null hypothesis that there is no difference in FSI among three aging levels (aging, aged, and super-aged) is rejected. Four accident severity generalized linear models which are all statistically significant have been developed. Third, the common variables are analyzed to be median age, the number of hospital beds per persons, and turn signal usage ratio. Fourth, the differentiated traffic safety policies fitted to aging levels are required. The enforcement of traffic law violation and safety enhancement of motorcycle in the region of 'aging society', improvement of traffic facilities in the region of 'aged society', and expansion of transportation facilities in the region of 'super-aged society' are evaluated to be indispensable.

A Study on Cognition about Copyright of Digital Works

  • Lee, Yong-Whan
    • 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
    • /
    • 제22권5호
    • /
    • pp.41-49
    • /
    • 2017
  • Digital works such as computer programs, music, photographs, movies and dramas are copyrighted. Even if there were more than 1,000 violations per year for digital works, the punishment was very weak. Especially copyright infringement by teenager is increasing. This study aims to present the direction of future development through questionnaires on the perception and direction of college students about copyright. 157 college students were surveyed about copyright awareness, perception of detailed legal provisions, cost of monthly expenses, copyright violation, and direction of copyright protection. As a result of the questionnaire survey, awareness was high at 69%, but in detailed law was low at 17.2% and 22.3%. In the future direction of copyright policy, 72.6% of them answered that they should be "strengthened" and "more and more strengthened". In order to protect copyrights, enforcement of crackdowns, public relations activities, expansion of the legal market, and technical protection should be done. In order to do this, copyright-related education for elementary, middle, high school and college students are needed more and it is necessary to expand the legal market where high quality contents are traded. More research is needed on copyright protection technological methods.

과적 화물차 단속을 위한 Mask-RCNN기반 축조작 검지 기술 개발 (Development of Mask-RCNN Based Axle Control Violation Detection Method for Enforcement on Overload Trucks)

  • 박현석;조용성;김영남;김진평
    • 한국ITS학회 논문지
    • /
    • 제21권5호
    • /
    • pp.57-66
    • /
    • 2022
  • 도로관리청은 고속도로 진·출입 톨게이트 및 본선에 저속 WIM 또는 고속 WIM을 설치하여 과적차량을 단속하고 있으나, 근래 과적 화물차가 가변축을 불법 조작하여 도로관리청의 과적차량 단속시스템을 지능적으로 회피하는 운행이 증가하고 있다. 과적 검문소 진입 시에는 차축을 모두 내려 정상 통과하고 본선 주행 시에는 가변축을 불법으로 들어 축하중 10톤을 초과하여 과적 운행하는 방식이다. 이에 본 연구는 도로변에 차량 옆면 촬영 카메라를 설치하여 도로 주행 중인 화물차의 가변축 상태를 검지하는 기술을 개발하였다. 과적차량 검문소의 계중정보 연계 시 검문소 진출 후 차축을 들어 과적 운행하는 차량을 단속할 수 있는 기반기술이다. 제안기술은 제2서해안고속도로 송산마도IC~마도JC 구간 노변에서 취득된 영상을 학습데이터로 가공하고 Mask RCNN 알고리즘을 활용하여 타이어를 인식하였으며 인식된 타이어들을 배열하고 높이차를 측정하는 방식으로 타이어의 들림 여부를 판단하였다.

우리나라 청소년 연기자 보호 제도에 관한 고찰 -2014년 시행 '대중문화예술산업발전법' 분석을 중심으로- (Research for the Legal Protection System of Minor Actors and Actresses -Focused on the Analysis of Popular Culture Art Industrial Development Act-)

  • 김정섭
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
    • /
    • 제15권1호
    • /
    • pp.86-94
    • /
    • 2015
  • 본 연구는 2014년 7월29일 시행된 '대중문화예술산업발전법'의 핵심인 청소년 대중문화예술인의 보호 조항의 적절성 여부를 비판적 관점에서 분석하여 미비점 등 법률 개정 방향을 모색하고자 실시되었다. 분석 결과 이 법률은 성매매 알선, 노예계약, 제3자의 수익 편취 금지 등 논란이 되어온 사회적 요구를 포괄적으로 수용하였다. 그러나 연령별로 노동시간을 차등적으로 규정하지 않은 데다 청소년에게 강요해서는 안 되는 위험한 연기장면의 사례, 수면권 건강권 학습권 보장의 절차와 방법, 위반 시 벌칙(처벌) 조항 등을 충분하게 규정하지 않아 구체성과 적용성을 충족하는 방향으로 보완이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

교통위반 단속을 위한 고속도로 드론 패트롤 네트워크의 토폴로지 및 성능분석 (Highway Drone Patrol Network Topology and Performance Analysis for Traffic Violation Enforcement)

  • 조준모
    • 한국전자통신학회논문지
    • /
    • 제12권6호
    • /
    • pp.1043-1048
    • /
    • 2017
  • 2016년 이후부터 경찰당국에서는 드론을 활용하여 고속도로 상에서의 교통위반 차량을 단속하기 시작했다. 경찰은 교통 혼잡이 야기되는 시간이나 시즌에 갓길을 사용하거나 음주운전, 난폭운전 등의 차량들을 감시한다. 지금까지는 30분 단위로 단속을 하는 '스팟 이동식' 방식을 사용하고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 방식은 많은 경찰인력이 각각의 드론을 충전하고 데이터를 수동으로 수집 및 분석해야하는 번거로움이 있기 때문에 매우 비효율적인 방식이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 다수의 드론을 무선망으로 연결하여 넓은 지역의 고속도로 상에서 적은인력으로 효과적으로 관리할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 위해 효율적인 드론 패트롤 네트워크 시스템의 토폴로지를 OPNET 시뮬레이터로 디자인하고 성능을 평가하였다.

중재판정 취소사유를 확장한 중재합의의 효력에 관한 고찰 - 미국에서의 논의를 중심으로- (A Study on the Validity of a Contract to Expand the Grounds for Vacating Awards in Arbitration Agreements - With Special Reference to the Cases and Theories in the United States -)

  • 강수미
    • 한국중재학회지:중재연구
    • /
    • 제32권1호
    • /
    • pp.43-69
    • /
    • 2022
  • In the case of the United States, which has the same provision as Article 10 of the Federal Arbitration Act, a contract may be exceptionally validated if the parties have clearly concluded the contract to expand the grounds for vacating awards in an arbitration agreement. It is possible that the parties create the grounds for vacating that is not stipulated in the statue by clear agreement. However, it remains the issues when this contract is valid. If we investigate the grounds for setting aside as discussed in this paper, in cases ① where an arbitrator failed to apply the substantive law expressly designated by the parties without a good reason; ② where there was a serious error in the application of the substantive law; ③ where an arbitrator decided under ex aequo et bono despite the parties explicitly designated the substantive law, the parties may bring an action for annulment of arbitral awards in court according to their agreement to expand the grounds for vacating the awards. It is important enough to change the rights and obligations of the parties for them whether or not the substantive law of the arbitration was applied. With Regard to the contract to expand the grounds for setting aside the awards in arbitration agreement, there are still issues how to handle the case where the parties have not designated the substantive law, and the validity of a contract to expand the grounds for vacating on reasons other than violation of law application, and relations with Article 5 of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, where the misapplication of the law does not stipulated as the grounds for refusal to recognize and enforce the foreign arbitral award, and so on.

사업장 위험성평가에 관한 법제의 비교법적 고찰 (A Comparative Study on the Legal System for Risk Assessment in the Workplace)

  • 정진우
    • 한국산업보건학회지
    • /
    • 제31권4호
    • /
    • pp.304-316
    • /
    • 2021
  • Objectives: By comparing and analyzing the legal system for risk assessment in South Korea with other advanced countries, the study is designed to identify the key elements of risk assessment and seek improvement measures while focusing on solutions to the execution of risk assessment violations. Methods: The study started with an awareness of the need to improve the legislation on the risk assessment of businesses in Korea. In order to reflect this problem consciousness in Korea's industrial safety and health legislation, risk assessment legislation in Japan, Britain, Germany, and Korea was analyzed in comparative terms through the literature. Results: Unlike the other advanced countries, the concept of risk assessment is defined in Korea in a broad sense that includes measures to reduce risk, and risk assessment in the manufacturing and design stages is not institutionalized. In the case of worker participation, there is a problem regarding effectiveness. It is problematic that compared to the other foreign countries there is a possibility that general risk assessment will be neutralized because it is recognized as a uniform general risk assessment for a particular risk assessment, as well as inadequate risk assessment. Conclusions: The areas diagnosed with problems compared to the legislation in other advanced countries should be improved by revising laws and administrative rules and supplementing the explanatory guidelines, etc. by referring to the legislation of these countries. In particular, the issue of enforcement for violations of risk assessment must be improved in order to ensure the effectiveness of risk assessment.