• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2009

This paper presents a new fast algorithm, rotation-based method (RBM), for the reconstruction of 3 dimensional image for cone beam computerized tomography (CB CT) system. The system used cone beam has less exposure time of radioactivity than fan beam. The Three-Pass Shear Matrices (TPSM) is applied, that has less transcendental functions than the one-pass shear method to decrease a time of calculations in the computer. To evaluate the quality of the 3-D images and the time for the reconstruction of the 3-D images, another 3-D images were reconstructed by the radon transform under the same condition. For the quality of the 3-D images, the images by radon transform was shown little good quality than REM. But for the time for the reconstruction of the 3-D images REM algorithm was 35 times faster than radon transform. This algorithm offered $4{\sim}5$ frames a second. It meant that it will be possible to reconstruct the 3-D dynamic images in real time.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.47
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• pp.1-29
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• 2017

360-degree virtual reality has been a technology that has been available for a long time and has been actively promoted worldwide in recent years due to development of devices such as HMD (Head Mounted Display) and development of hardware for controlling and executing images of virtual reality. The production of the 360 degree VR requires a different mode of production than the traditional video production, and the matters to be considered for the user have begun to appear. Since the virtual reality image is aimed at a platform that requires enthusiasm, presence and interaction, it is necessary to have a suitable cinematography. In VR, users can freely enjoy the world created by the director and have the advantage of being able to concentrate on his interests during playing the image. However, the director had to develope and install the device what the observer could concentrate on the narrative progression and images to be delivered. Among the various methods of transmitting images, the director can use the composition of the short. In this paper, we will study how to effectively apply the technique of directing through the composition of this shot to 360 degrees virtual reality. Currently, there are no killer contents that are still dominant in the world, including inside and outside the country. In this situation, the potential of virtual reality is recognized and various images are produced. So the way of production follows the traditional image production method, and the shot composition is the same. However, in the 360 degree virtual reality, the use of the long take or blocking technique of the conventional third person view point is used as the main production configuration, and the limit of the short configuration is felt. In addition, while the viewer can interactively view the 360-degree screen using the HMD tracking, the configuration of the shot and the connection of the shot are absolutely dependent on the director like the existing cinematography. In this study, I tried to study whether the viewer can freely change the cinematography such as the composition of the shot at a user's desired time using the feature of interaction of the VR image. To do this, 3D animation was created using a game tool called Unreal Engine to construct an interactive image. Using visual scripting of Unreal Engine called blueprint, we create a device that distinguishes the true and false condition of a condition with a trigger node, which makes a variety of shorts. Through this, various direction techniques are developed and related research is expected, and it is expected to help the development of 360 degree VR image.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.1005-1013
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• 2010

This study was conducted to assess the spray control of flash boiling with mixed fuel in consideration of HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) engine condition. Mixed fuel existing in two phase regions can control the process of mixture formation under low temperature and density by using the spray resulting from flash boiling which is able to induce rapid evaporation of fuel spray as well as the evaporation of high boiling point component. Because HCCI engine injects the fuel early under ambient conditions, it can facilitate the chemical control of ignition combustion and physical control such as breakup and atomization of liquid fuel by flash boiling of mixed fuel which consists of highly ignitable light oil and highly volatile gasoline. This study was conducted by performing video processing after selected composition and molar fraction of the mixed fuel as major parameters and photographed Schlieren image and Mie scattered light corresponding to the flash boiling phenomenon of the fuel spray that was injected inside a constant volume vessel. It was found that flash boiling causes significant changes in the spray structure under relatively low temperature and density. Thus, we analyzed that the flash boiling spray can be used for HCCI combustion by controlling the mixture formation at the early fuel injection timing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.115-123
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• 2010

Because of development of information technology, moving picture can run various platforms. We should consider and apply users' attitude as well as production technique because convergence between mobile and media technology may be increased full-browsing service using mobile device. Previous research related to production technique in various platforms only focus on video quality and adjustment of screen size. However, besides of technical side, production techniques should be changed such as image production as well as image editing by point of view aesthetic. Mise-en-scene such as camera angle, composition, and lighting is changed due to HD image. Also image production should be changed to a suitable full-browsing service using mobile device. Therefore, we would explore a new suitable production techniques and image editing for smart phone. To propose production techniques for smart phone, we used E-learning production system, which are transition, editing technique for suitable converting system. Such as new attempts are leading to new paradigm and establishing their position by applying characteries such as openness, timeliness to mobile. Also it can be extended individual area and established as expression and play tool.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.1031-1041
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• 1999

기존의 한글에 대한 입술 애니메이션 방법은 음소의 입모양을 몇 개의 입모양으로 정의하고 이들을 보간하여 입술을 애니메이션하였다. 하지만 발음하는 동안의 실제 입술 움직임은 선형함수나 단순한 비선형함수가 아니기 때문에 보간방법에 의해 중간 움직임을 생성하는 방법으로는 음소의 입술 움직임을 효과적으로 생성할 수 없다. 또 이 방법은 동시조음도 고려하지 않아 음소들간에 변화하는 입술 움직임도 표현할 수 없었다. 본 논문에서는 동시조음을 고려하여 한글을 자연스럽게 발음하는 입술 애니메이션 방법을 제안한다. 비디오 카메라로 발음하는 동안의 음소의 움직임들을 측정하고 입술 움직임 제어 파라미터들을 추출한다. 각각의 제어 파라미터들은 L fqvist의 스피치 생성 제스처 이론(speech production gesture theory)을 이용하여 실제 음소의 입술 움직임에 근사한 움직임인 지배함수(dominance function)들로 정의되고 입술 움직임을 애니메이션할 때 사용된다. 또, 각 지배함수들은 혼합함수(blending function)와 반음절에 의한 한글 합성 규칙을 사용하여 결합하고 동시조음이 적용된 한글을 발음하게 된다. 따라서 스피치 생성 제스처 이론을 이용하여 입술 움직임 모델을 구현한 방법은 기존의 보간에 의해 중간 움직임을 생성한 방법보다 실제 움직임에 근사한 움직임을 생성하고 동시조음도 고려한 움직임을 보여준다.Abstract The existing lip animation method of Hangul classifies the shape of lips with a few shapes and implements the lip animation with interpolating them. However it doesn't represent natural lip animation because the function of the real motion of lips, during articulation, isn't linear or simple non-linear function. It doesn't also represent the motion of lips varying among phonemes because it doesn't consider coarticulation. In this paper we present a new coarticulation model for the natural lip animation of Hangul. Using two video cameras, we film the speaker's lips and extract the lip control parameters. Each lip control parameter is defined as dominance function by using L fqvist's speech production gesture theory. This dominance function approximates to the real lip animation of a phoneme during articulation of one and is used when lip animation is implemented. Each dominance function combines into blending function by using Hangul composition rule based on demi-syllable. Then the lip animation of our coarticulation model represents natural motion of lips. Therefore our coarticulation model approximates to real lip motion rather than the existing model and represents the natural lip motion considered coarticulation.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.3 s.61
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• pp.209-218
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• 2005

Consciously or not, producers have to make many aesthetic choices in creative process of video production. If there are general acceptable aesthetic principles to make right choice it would be guideline of aesthetic decision to somewhat reduce mistakes and errors in the process. This paper proposes a theoretical approach on establishing the media aesthetic principle of 3D animation camera working, which is the most suitable for animation production context. We describe the Herbert Zettl's applied media aesthetics related directly to the camera, which is about the two-Dimensional field focusing on aspect radio and forces within the screen, three-dimensional field focusing on depth, volume, and four-dimensional field focusing on time and motion. In order to have theoretical approach we made an analysis on comparing a camera working of movie with 3D computer animation's one, and reconstructed these basic principles to be suited for the 3D animation production. When applied media aesthetics of the traditional camera working are applied to the 3D animation production, it could be an efficient guideline for it. Futhermore, if we develop the research for the relationship with various visual languages with the basis of these principles, the theory of creative picture composition method for the 3D animation production will be logically and systematically established.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.20
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• pp.5-27
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• 2010

This paper studies the relation between canonical/variegated babble (CB/VB) and early speech in an infant acquiring Mandarin Chinese from 9 to 17 months. The infant was audio-and video-taped in her home almost every week. The data analyzed here come from 1,621 utterances extracted from 23 sessions ranging from 30 minutes to one hour, from age 00:09;07 to 01:05;27. The data was digitized, and segments from 23 sessions were transcribed in narrow IPA and coded for analysis. Babble was coded from age 00:09;07 to 01:00;00, and words were coded from 01:00;00 to 01:05;27, proto-words appeared at 11 months, and some babble was still present after 01:10;00. 3821 segments were counted in CB/VB utterances, plus the segments found in 899 word tokens. The data transcription was completed and checked by the author and was rechecked by two other researchers who majored in Chinese phonetics in order to ensure the reliability, we reached an agreement of 95.65%. Mandarin Chinese is phonetically very rich in consonants, especially affricates: it has aspirated and unaspirated stops in labial, alveolar, and velar places of articulation; affricates and fricatives in alveolar, retroflex, and palatal places; /f/; labial, alveolar, and velar nasals; a lateral;[h]; and labiovelar and palatal glides. In the child's pre-speech phonetic repertoire, 7 different consonants and 10 vowels were transcribed at 00:09;07. By 00:10;16, the number of phones was more than doubled (17 consonants, 25 vowels), but the rate of increase slowed after 11 months of age. The phones from babbling remained active throughout the child's early and subsequent speech. The rank order of the occurrence of the major class types for both CB and early speech was: stops, approximants, nasals, affricates, fricatives and lateral. As expected, unaspirated stops outnumbered aspirated stops, and front stops and nasals were more frequent than back sounds in both types of utterances. The fact that affricates outnumbered fricatives in the child's late babble indicates the pre-speech influence of the ambient language. The analysis of the data also showed that: 1) the phonetic characteristics of CB/VB and early meaningful speech are extremely similar. The similarities of CB/VB and speech prove that the two are deeply related; 2) The infant has demonstrated similar preferences for certain types of sounds in the two stages; 3) The infant's babbling was patterned at segmental level, and this regularity was similarly evident in the early speech of children. The three types being coronal plus front vowel; labial plus central and dorsal plus back vowel exhibited much overlap in the phonetic forms of CB/ VB and early speech. So the child's CB/ VB at this stage already shared the basic architecture, composition and representation of early speech. The evidence of similarity between CB/VB and early speech leaves no doubt that phones present in CB/VB are indeed precursors to early speech.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.433-445
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• 2019

This study was designed to create an innovative Korean school space plan. This was done by performing an analysis of cases of student-tailored class operations and the composition of school space in Sweden's Vittra Telefonplan School. To this end, the research team analyzed prior studies, the Vittra school space and the student-tailored classes through an analysis of the literature, documents and video images. First, the OpenSpace was operating classes tailored to each student's academic growth and needs. Second, the open-space school space played a role as the space for student life. Third, the teacher played a role as an active guide and facilitator of students. Forth, the students' individual learning management team actively conducted coding classes by utilizing IT-based learning platforms. The implications of the Vittra School are as follows. When designing a new school, it is recommended to design a small school as small as possible, organize an open space according to the grade and not by the class, and operate the curriculum around the students' grade. When reorganizing existing schools, it is proposed that standardized classrooms be modified for schools with spare classrooms to create learning spaces that can vary for large to small and to practice project-oriented classes at the grade level.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.235-242
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to propose an effective class of College English, one of the essential liberal arts subjects of S University, and to analyze the learning effect. This subject targets students with different majors in the first grade, and the learning goal is to improve their reading skills by analyzing students' English skills, especially sentences, as grammatical elements in everyday situations. This thesis examines how College English classes can be conducted in the form of convergence class in the COVID-19 era to induce students' learning motivation and create learning effects. The form of this convergence class is as follows. First, lecture videos, second, Webex real-time non-face-to-face classes, and third, face-to-face classes. In this study, the class procedure of the first class among the classes that were actually conducted during the semester was presented as an example. The researcher specifically surveyed the pre-class questionnaire and conducted the class by grasping the students' English skills and characteristics of the learners through the results. And after taking the course, the questionnaire was surveyed into 30 items and the results were analyzed. Specifically, the results of satisfaction with the composition of the lecture, satisfaction with the lecture video, satisfaction with the face-to-face class, interaction with students, and learning effects were analyzed. This class proposal is a learner-centered model in the form of convergence.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.39-48
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• 2022

The main purpose of the work is to analyze modern innovative educational practices in the field of culture and art and their effectiveness in the context of the spread of digitalization trends. The study used general scientific theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, comparative, induction, deduction, reductionism, and a number of others, allowing you to fully understand the pattern of modern modernization processes in a long historical development and demonstrate how the rejection of the negativity of progress allows talented artists to realize their own potential. The study established the advantages and disadvantages of involving innovative technologies in the educational process on the example of European experience and outlined possible ways of implementing digitalization processes in Ukrainian institutions of higher education, formulated the main difficulties encountered by teachers and students in the use of technological innovation in the pandemic. The rapid development of digital technologies has had a great impact on the sphere of culture and art, both visual, scenic, and musical in all processes: creation, reproduction, perception, learning, etc. In the field of art education, there is a synthesis of creative practices with digital technologies. In terms of music education, these processes at the present stage are provided with digital tools of specially developed software (music programs for composition and typing of musical text, recording, and correction of sound, for quality listening to the whole work or its fragments) for training programs used in institutional education and non-institutional learning as a means of independent mastering of the theory and practice of music-making, as well as other programs and technical tools without which contemporary art cannot be imagined. In modern stage education, the involvement of video technologies, means of remote communication, allowing realtime adjustment of the educational process, is actualized. In the sphere of fine arts, there is a transformation of communicative forms of interaction between the teacher and students, which in the conditions of the pandemic are of two-way communication with the help of information and communication technologies. At this stage, there is an intensification of transformation processes in the educational industry in the areas of culture and art.