• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.743-747
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• 2008

Purpose: Malignant changes of Marjolin's ulcer arising from chronic burn scar are rare. The majority of them are squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a deep seated pleomorphic sarcoma, which occurs principally as a mass of the extremities, abdominal cavity, or retroperitoneum in adults. Methods: We report a 58-year-old male patient who was admitted due to $3.5{\times}5cm$ chronic ulceration of anterior chest wall on the center of old burn scar. His scar had been occurred by boiling oil and treated with conservative treatment 45 years ago. Preoperative punch biopsy showed suspicious malignant changes and contrast enhanced chest CT showed well-defined, irregular shape enhancing lesion on anterior chest wall without intrathoracic metastasis. Results: The tumor was widely excised and defect was covered with skin graft without infection, necrosis and any other complication. The pathologic findings are compatible with malignant fibrous histiocytoma(storiform - pleomorphic type). The patient underwent 3 cycles of chemotheraphy. Although distant metastasis to the lung developed 6 months later and the patient died 9 month later, there was no local reoccurrence. Conclusion: Aggressive and early excision is needed because malignant fibrous histiocytoma has characteristics of high malignancy with a propensity for early and distant spread. Furthermore, the patient's education about disease entity and postoperative regular follow-up for local recurrence or metastasis is very important. To prevent malignancy from secondly healing burn scar, early skin graft is recommended for patients with deep second degree burn.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2019

Purpose: Despite its clinical benefits, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is less widely implemented for gastric cancer surgery. This nationwide survey investigated the current status of the implementation of ERAS in perioperative care for gastric cancer surgery in South Korea. Materials and Methods: This survey enrolled 89 gastric surgeons from 52 institutions in South Korea. The questionnaire consisted of 24 questions about the implementation of the ERAS protocols in the management of gastric cancer surgery. The survey was carried out using an electronic form sent via email. Results: Of the 89 gastric surgeons, 58 (65.2%) answered that they have knowledge of the concept and details of ERAS, 45 (50.6%) of whom were currently applying ERAS for their patients. Of the ERAS protocols, preoperative education (91.0%), avoidance of preoperative fasting (68.5%), maintenance of intraoperative normothermia (79.8%), thromboprophylaxis (96.5%), early active ambulation (64.4%), and early removal of urinary catheter (68.5%) were relatively well adopted in perioperative care. However, other practices, such as avoidance of preoperative bowel preparation (41.6%), provision of preoperative carbohydrate-rich drink (10.1%), avoidance of routine abdominal drainage (31.4%), epidural anesthesia (15.9%), single-dose prophylactic antibiotics (19.3%), postoperative high oxygen therapy (36.8%), early postoperative diet (14.6%), restricted intravenous fluid administration (53.9%), and application of discharge criteria (57.3%) were not very well adopted for patients. Conclusions: Perioperative management of gastric cancer surgery is largely heterogeneous among gastric surgeons in South Korea. Standard perioperative care based on scientific evidence needs to be established to improve the quality of surgical care and patient outcomes.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2013

Purpose: In assessing patients' neurological status following a stroke it is very important to have a valid tool for early detection of neurological deterioration. NIHSS is considered the best tool to reflect neurological status in patients with ischemic stroke. An education program on use of NIHSS was planned for nurses caring for these patients and the effects of the program were evaluated. Methods: The NIHSS education program (NEP) which includes online and video lectures, and practical education was provided to the nurses from April to July, 2010. To examine the effect of NEP, nursing records of patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted to a stroke center were analyzed. Two groups, a historical control group (n=100) and the study group (n=115) were included. Results: Nursing records for neurologic symptoms for each patient increased (41.0% versus 100.0%, p<.001), and especially, visual disturbance, facial palsy. limb paralysis and ataxia, language disturbance, dysarthria, and neglect symptoms significantly increased (all p<.001). Nurse notification to the doctor of patients with neurological changes increased (21.0% versus 39.1%, p=.004), and nurses' neurological deterioration detection rates also increased (37.5% versus 84.6%, p=.009). Conclusion: NEP improved the quality of nursing records for neurological assessment and the detection rate of neurological deterioration.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2010

지식 정보화 사회의 발전과 사회문화의 다양화에 따라 저작물의 가치와 중요성, 그리고 저작자의 권리 보호의 필요성이 증대하고 있다. 특히 학생들의 경우 타인의 저작권을 침해하거나 자신의 저작권을 침해당할 소지에 쉽게 노출되어 있어 사회적 문제가 되고 있다. 저작권 수업의 도입단계에서 아동들이 경험하는 척도는 수업의 선행조직자로서의 역할을 하며 이를 통해 학습자는 저작권의 내용을 기존의 인지구조에 쉽게 통합할 수 있으며 수업내용에 대한 이해를 돕고 흥미를 가질 수 있게 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선행조직자로서의 저작권 의식 측정 척도를 개발하여 학생의 저작권 의식을 측정하고 측정치를 활용하여 저작권 보호 의식을 고취하는 수업에 활용할 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 본 시스템을 개발하여 적용한 결과 저작권 의식 척도를 경험한 집단에서 저작권 의식 점수가 더 높게 나타났다. 이를 통해 척도를 활용한 저작권 교육이 저작권 의식을 향상시킴을 확인할 수 있다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.193-208
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to suggest basic data on the education of traditional living culture and seasonal customs. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, a research questionnaires consisting of 46 questions was developed. The data was collected by 287 child caregivers in Incheon Metropolitan City. and the data analysis was conducted with the SPSS/Win 17.0 program. The results of this study, they are summarized as follows. First, child caregivers overall perception of the traditional life and culture was scored as 3.28. Their perception of the need for education on traditional life and culture was scored as 3.7, and their knowledge and interest both as 2.77. The analysis of difference according to background variables revealed, significant difference in educational experience (p. <05) and age (p. <01). Second, the child caregivers were unaware any other seasonal customs besides Chuseok(Korean Thanksgiving), Tano(a festival occurring on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar), Lunar New Year's Day, and Daeboreum (the day of the first full moon of the year) Third, child caregivers perceived 'culture' experiences as being very important for education about seasonal customs. Forth, two of Korea's seasonal customs, Chuseok(Korean Thanksgiving) and the Lunar New Year's Day have always been celebrated with family gatherings. Fifth, child caregivers awareness of seasonal customs is correlated with educational training. And their awareness of the traditional living culture is also correlated with educational training.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2005

WBI 프로그램에 바탕을 둔 학습시스템이 국내대학이나 규모가 큰 사교육기관에서 사이버대학이라는 형태로 현재 일반화 되었지만, 아직도 학교 현장에선 적절한 학습자료나 시스템 구성의 미비로 인해 활용이 미진한 상태다. 이에 본 논문에서는 웹에 기반을 둔 중학교 영어교과 수업모형을 개발해, 실제 수업현장에서 활용하여 이를 통해 교수 학습 방법을 개선하고, 개별학습과 반복학습을 가능하도록 하는데 중점을 두었다. 이를 위해 원격교육용 학습시스템을 설계하여 구현한 후, 이를 실제 현장에서 적용한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 내릴 수 있었다. 첫째, 개발된 시스템이 영어과의 학습목표 달성에 효과적이었다. 둘째, 원격학습 시스템을 통해 교과학습능력 증진뿐만 아니라 인터넷 사용능력도 함께 키울 수 있었다. 셋째, 개별화 교육이 이루어졌다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.393-407
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• 2013

대학 컴퓨터 정보화 분야 특기자 특별전형은 1997학년도부터 수도권 소재 대학을 중심으로 수시모집 기간에 주로 실시되었으나, 전체 선발인원과 선발대학은 지속적으로 감소추세이며, 2013학년도에는 2개 대학 14명을 선발하는 등 우수 특기생 양성 선발과 중등학교의 정보화 관련 교육에 긍정적 영향을 기대하기 어려운 수준이다. 이러한 현상은 중등학교의 정보화 관련 교육활동이 미흡하고, 컴퓨터 정보화 부분에 대한 사회적 인식이 반영된 결과이며, 중등학교의 정보화 관련 교육과정의 운영과 국가적 차원의 관련 인재 육성 정책에 대학입학전형이라는 영향력 높은 주요 변수가 적절하게 고려되지 못하고 있음을 나타낸다. 따라서 향후 관련 정책을 수립함에 있어 대학의 학생선발전형과 방법, 기준 등을 고려한 종합적인 접근이 필요하다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2024

To properly extract the strain components under varying operational conditions is very important in bridge health monitoring. The abnormal sensor readings can be correctly identified and the expected operational performance of the bridge can be better understood if each strain components can be accurately quantified. In this study, strain components under varying load conditions, i.e., temperature variation and live-load variation are evaluated based on field strain measurements collected from a real concrete box-girder bridge. Temperature-induced strain is mainly regarded as the trend variation along with the ambient temperature, thus a smoothing technique based on the wavelet packet decomposition method is proposed to estimate the temperature-induced strain. However, how to effectively extract the vehicle-induced strain is always troublesome because conventional threshold setting-based methods cease to function: if the threshold is set too large, the minor response will be ignored, and if too small, noise will be introduced. Therefore, an autoencoder framework is proposed to evaluate the vehicle-induced strain. After the elimination of temperature and vehicle-induced strain, the left of which, defined as the model error, is used to assess the operational performance of the bridge. As empirical techniques fail to detect the degraded state of the structure, a clustering technique based on Gaussian Mixture Model is employed to identify the damage occurrence and the validity is verified in a simulation study.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.385-406
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• 2013

This research starts based on the assumption that the changes of educational system in China which had been caused by accepting western educational system in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China are indeed considered as a paradigm shift of educational system in China, This research aims first to investigate what kinds of problems and changes Chinese educational system confronted at that time and second to examine what kinds of implications such changes and problems of paradigm shift may have today in China. In order to achieve the goals of this research, I first researched changes and characteristics of educational paradigm shift occurred in the history of China. On the basis of those findings, I tried to analyze acculturation problems of Chinese educational system for that of western countries at that time, their implications in present time Chinese educational system, and the possibility of further paradigmatic shift in present Chinese education. In this paper, I assumed three historical paradigmatic shifts in educational system in China which had big influences on the foundation of Chinese education, such as the introduction of Confucian Thoughts, the introduction of Civil Examination System in Sui Dynasty, and lastly the introduction of western educational system in the late Qing Dynasty. The last paradigmatic shift occurred by the introduction of western education system into China was very different from the previous two paradigmatic shifts in China in that it was literally initiated by the world with cultures different from those of China, and that's why it is called Spatial Collision. It was also one of the many changes China had been forced to confront unvoluntarily. It was done for many other complicated factors such as the greed of western imperialistic countries, spreading of Christianity and missionary education, domestic resistance against long feudal reigning of Qing Dynasty, and lastly the intellect's eagerness for new knowledge and new ways of thinking. What is surely regretful for the paradigmatic shift of Chinese educational system was that it had been triggered by those many heterogeneous factors, thereby leading to such a sudden, entire and complete shift of Chinese education system. In addition, it was done without a deeper and further consideration of Chinese education system with thousand years of tradition. This situation could be understood to be an impetus strong enough to encourage the advent of a new paradigm propelled by rapid economic growth of China, many problems of western education system, reconsideration of Chinese tradition, and strengthening of women power in China, etc.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3243-3248
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• 2016

Background: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of death from cancer in the world. In Iran, this type of cancer has high rates of incidence and mortality. This study aimed to assess the survival rate of patients with stomach cancer and its determinants in Kurdistan, a province with one of the highest incidence rates of stomach cancer in the country. Materials and Methods: We studied a total of 202 patients with stomach cancer who were admitted to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj from 2009 to 2013. Using Kaplan-Meier nonparametric methods the survival rate of patients was calculated in terms of different levels of age at diagnosis, gender, education, residential area, occupation, underweight, and clinical variables including tumor histology, site of tumor, disease stage, and type of treatment. In addition, we compared the survival rates using the log-rank test. Finally, Cox proportional hazards regression was applied using Stata 12 and R 3.1.0 software. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was $64.7{\pm}12.0$ years. The survival rate of patients with stomach cancer was 43.9% and 7% at the first and the fifth year after diagnosis, respectively. The results of log-rank test showed significant relationships between survival and age at diagnosis, education, disease stage, type of treatment, and degree of being underweight (P<0.05). Moreover, according to the results of Cox proportional hazards regression model, the variables of education, disease stage, and type of treatment were associated with patient survival (P<0.05). Conclusions: The survival rate of patients with stomach cancer is low and the prognosis is very poor. Given the poor prognosis of the patients, it is critical to find ways for early diagnosis and facilitating timely access to effective treatment methods.