• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.5 no.2 s.10
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• pp.14-23
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• 1999

This studys concerns with a critical issues of urban and rural integration for rurban development. Todays, many of urban-rural integrated cities are confronted with the negative effects of administrative boundary integration. The first problem is induced from the developmental gaps and different residential demands between the core-city and peripheral-county. The second problem is social-economic and administrative unification costs neglected. The third problem is the environmental pollutions and degradations in peripheral-county by rapid urbanization. The forth problem is the inequality of the public services and regional investments in the urban-rural Integrated cities. The fifth problem is the administrative relation and financial distribution between core-city and residual province when the urban-rural integrated core-city becomes large urban city. The results of the questionnaire analysis as follows. The first point, the preference of administrative boundary integration is different in intra-areas of urban-rural integrated county by it's location. The second point, the diversity of preference of residents depends on theirs job, age, resdential period, education and income level. So, administrative boundary integration must consider the many important factors which affect the socio-economic situations between the core-city and peripheral-county. In conclusion, residents' preference for the admistrative boundary integration depends on their situation without rational approach for macro regional development. In this contexts, comprehensive approach for the urban-rural administrative boundary integration is needed in consistent with rapid change of local government's functions.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.5-31
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• 2008

Korean administrative jurisdiction has changed from separation to integration system, without definite raison d'etre from the effectiveness dimension. It partially comes from the fact that the top priority of most existing documents has given to the behavioral patterns of key variables during specific time periods. As an alternative approach, this study focuses on dynamic analysis on the long-term structural patterns related to urban-rural integration issues. Specifically, it pays attention to unique experiences between two neighboring administrative authorities, namely Cheongju and Cheongwon, all of which have repeated exceptional confrontations between pros and cons over almost two decades. From the theoretical perspectives, this observes structural similarities and differences between separation and integration approaches and compares individual feedback loops in order to examine urban-rural integration effectiveness. Structurally, if the integrated local authority adopts systematic management and balanced territorial development principles, it would gain the highest positive effect of urban-rural integration. After scenario buildings, it analyzes administrative integration dynamics between Cheongju and Cheongwon, highlighting geo-political conditions, key issues, and implementation plans between two administrative authorities. It expects that the integrated jurisdiction as a whole would increase the urban attractiveness as it can facilitate territorial development plans from macro-level. Furthermore, if the integrated authority keeps balanced territorial principles, which would be well reflected in the mutual agreement between two administrative units, it would also guarantee the increased urban attractiveness in the integrated jurisdiction. Nonetheless, compared to Cheongwon, which might be wider open to the location of NIMBY facilities, it would be more difficult for Cheongju to pay attention to territorial development confined to its original jurisdiction in the short run.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

This study aims to identify the rural spatial structure and to establish the planning characteristics based on urban-rural connections strategy of North Korea. For this purpose, they were collected such as documents and drawings including primary data related to rural planning in North Korea, and the rural space were classified into three elements in order to analyze them by the rural planning's point of the view. Unlike generalized capitalist cities, socialist North Korean cities are characterized by the coexistence of urban and rural areas. This distinct feature of the city is also reflected in creating rural space in North Korea. Thus, The urban-rural integration in spatial planning is a key factor in understanding the spatial structure of North Korea. This study firstly examines the characteristics of the county(gun), the administrative and economic unit established in the post-war period, secondly, examines the planning method of town(eup) which can be called the urban center in rural areas, and lastly grasps the planning method of rural village focusing on collectivization and identifies how they are connected to the town for the shake of urban-rural integration. As a result, the characteristics of rural planning in North Korea has revealed that it has a comprehensive rural planning established with the goal of strengthening the self-sufficiency of the rural area by the means of the create of rural spatial hierarchy in the whole country.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.277-287
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• 2020

The study examines the impact of international integration on Vietnam's rural and urban income inequalities using the regression model. The data used for this study is based on the results of the Vietnam Household Living Standards survey from 2008 to 2016 of the General Statistics Office. These surveys conducted nationwide with a sample size of 46,995 households in 3,133 communes/wards which were representative at national, regional, urban, rural and provincial levels. The level of international economic integration used in the study is the proportion of import and export turnover of GDP, the proportion of FDI and GDP by province. Due to the heterogeneity and unobservableness of the single observant in the data set, we selected the models of random and fixed effects. The research results show that during the economic integration process, the Export/GDP factor is negatively related to income inequality. The remaining factors (GDP per capita, FDI/GDP, Educational level of households, Percentage of internet users, Aggregation of foreign cash inflow and GDP of the province) are all positively related to income inequality. The findings help assess the impact of international integration on rural-urban income inequality, but also provides a concrete basis to help policymakers address income inequality in the integration process.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 2009

This study has intended to evaluate the subjective landscape of rural region using additive integration index calculation model in Seondong region, Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. This study consists of the following three steps. First, this study defmed the rural landscape using survey and developed the estimating equation for rural landscape assessment index. Second, this study set up assessment units and assessment indicators, then estimated mean of representative landscape adjectives in accordance with them through residents-participatory evaluation. Third, this study calculated rural landscape assessment index using additive integration index calculation model, and evaluated subjective landscape of rural region in accordance with space types and landscape fields through mapping methodology. The results of this study can be described as follows: 1) satisfaction level for landscape in accordance with village (urban area and residential area) was very high; 2) satisfaction level was very high in both Ye-Jeon reservoir and Hakwon farm, representative landscape resources of the study area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.25-33
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• 2014

This study has intended to build a rural landscape evaluation model based on an integrated landscape assessment paradigm of rural region using an additive integration index method and applied the model to the Seondong Region of Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. To reach this goal, this study developed a model to calculate Integrated Landscape Assessment Index. The model has employed the Objective Landscape Index, the Subjective Landscape Index, and the weighted values, and was applied to the Seondong region. This study has found the following results: 1) forests and water spaces were assessed with relatively better visual preferences and better landscape ecosystem; 2) the historic cultural area and scenic agriculture as well as general farm land were assessed with moderate ratings; and, 3) the villages included in development plan, their adjacent arable farming land, and the village watercourses were forming relatively poorer landscape.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.69-83
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• 2021

Under the premise of unbalanced development between urban and rural areas, this study raised criticism that the balanced national development policies in South Korea, which had been promoted in earnest after 'the Participatory Government' has adversely deepened the development gap between urban and rural areas by promoting the development of urban. In the meantime, the agricultural economy that supported the rural economy has gradually collapsed after reckless market opening, and due to the balanced national development policy focusing on urban infrastructure construction, rural areas are facing a crisis of 'depopulation' and 'regional extinction.' For this reason, many local governments have recently recognized the public values of agriculture and have introduced 'agrarian basic income' for the sustainability of agriculture. However, there is a limit to overcoming the crisis in rural areas because the population of farmers among rural residents is only 25%. Therefore, this study proposes the necessity of introducing the basic income for rural residents as a new paradigm for balanced development between urban and rural areas beyond the existing policy limits, based on surveys of opinions of residents living in Chungchengnam-do, South Korea and experts on the introduction of 'basic income for rural residents' in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.69-81
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• 2009

This study was intended to evaluate the objective landscape of rural region using an additive integration index method in the Seondong region of Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. This study consisted of the following three steps. First, this study developed an additive integration index calculation model for landscape assessment based on indicators and weight to each space type in accordance with three landscape fields which were developed by the expert Delphi method. Second, this study used NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and permeable area rate, which were available from high resolution satellite image, to calculate the green naturality degree, area rate, and building coverage respectively. Third, this study has calculated the landscape assessment index of rural regions using an additive integration index method made of assessment data and weight for each indicator. This study has found the following results: 1) landscape level was very poor in all 6 types of space, marking grade five; 2) while the highest level of natural landscape and mixed landscape was grade two, that of artificial landscape was grade five; 3) based on objective landscape, grade five showed the highest frequency, and grade one, two, three, and four followed in that order.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.105-110
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• 2017

This paper is to research the difference of care workers' role in Sanatorium between urban and rural areas. Interviews have been conducted with 100 care managers with structured questionnaires in community care settings. The findings of the study are as follows. In the analysis of working with carers a care manager acting as a counsellor in rural was required rather more than any other role in working with clients' carers. In working with formal and informal networks, an administrative specialist role was also important in both areas. With resource management, there were some regional variances between rural and urban. In the urban area, a care managers as a coordinator was more required than as a broker. In the rural area, a care manager as a broker, selecting service resources for elderly clients was the most suitable role. In conclusion, in general rural care managers' roles were similar to those of many core managers in urban area. Among the many possible roles of care managers that effective continuity of care is to be provided for elderly clients in community care, two have been specified as essential roles. The first is the role of care managers that provides coordination and integration of services at the clients' levels as a care manager as an implementer, a linkman, counsellor. The second is at the system level which is possible role for coordination and linkage of programs as a characteristics of care managers, task with formal & informal network, community resources, available residential & NHS resourcesw.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.147-160
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• 2011

This purpose of research is to offer basic materials for analyzing organizational structure in an effort to develop a standardized model that considers regional characteristics with the ultimate goal being the establishment of a National Health and Family Support Center. Research methods include aliterature survey data. The research target is 94 centers run by the National Health Family Support Center training. These are assessed in terms of their regional characteristics. The objectives of this paper are as follows: 1. To look at the present National Healthy Family Support Center's yearly conditions investigate the regional characteristics. 2. To analyze the National Healthy Family Support Center's annual organizational managements and operations characteristics. 3. To analyze the National Healthy Family Support Center's regional characteristics (Urban-only-, Urban-Rural Integration, Rural-only-) in terms of its organizational management and operations. First, at the national, county, and ward levels, Health and Family Support Center can have family intervention purpose. Regional Center should be operated to keep pace with custom of different regions. Standardization can also be beneficial, including considerations such as agricultural needs and a type center. Effective center operations should also ensured. Second, standardized development model I had to insert this here because you mention one in the following paragraph. Original did not make sense. I hope this is what you meant.