• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.107-117
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• 2013

Problems in regard of ecological stability of urban ecosystem ensue from climate change and urbanization. Particularly, urban ecological conditions are deteriorating both quantitatively and qualitatively to a great extent. The present study aims to assess the current condition of selected sites (i. e. urban green zones and parks) in terms of preset assessment components; to find out problems and relevant solutions to improve the quality and quantity of parks and green zones; and ultimately to suggest some measures applicable to coping with climate change as well as to securing the ecological attributes of urban green zones and parks. According to the findings of this study, from quantitative perspectives, ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change are high on account of the large natural-soil area(80%). By contrast, from qualitative perspectives including the planting structure (1 layer: 47%), the percentage of bush area(17%), the connectivity with surrounding green zones (independent types: 44%), the wind paths considered (5.6%), the tree species with high carbon absorption rates (20%), water cycles (17%), energy (8%) and carbon storage capacities(61%), ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change were found very low. These findings suggest that the ecological values of urban parks and green zones should be improved in the future by conserving their original forms, securing natural-soil grounds and employing multi-layered planting structures and water bodies, and that responsiveness to climate change should be enhanced by planting tree species with high carbon storage capacities and obtaining detention ponds. In sum, robust efforts should be exerted in the initial planning stages, and sustained, to apply the methodology of green-zone development along with securing ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.2
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• pp.9-13
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• 2004

After UNECD(United Nations Conference of Environment and Development) in 1992, ESSD (Environmental Sound and Sustainable Development) is an important concept of urban planning in Korea. The introducing environmental assessment system of urban planning and the district unit planning system were representative cases. In this process, Landchaftplanung(ecological landscape planning) was introduced from Germany. This study was executed for applying ecological landscape planning to Eunpyung New Town in Seoul city, and analyzing the problem to apply this system. The process of ecological landscape planning was followed to (1) the site survey, (2) the analysis and assessment of survey data, (3) the establishing ecological landscape planning. Three master architects participated in all investigations. The major fields of them were landscape architecture, architecture, and urban planning. Master Architects helped many aspects. In conclusion, ecological landscape planning was feasible to be applied to develop other New Town in Korea. However the mediation system is very weak, if different situations are confronted with ecological landscape plan and land use plan in the operative legal framework of Korea. Thus, the legislation of mediation system is necessary for an establishment of ecological landscape planning.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2002

This study aims to find out the way of revitalizing of natural riverfront space in terms of ecological aspect. At the first part, theoretical made in terms of concept, planning aspects and techniques which were main bases for the study. It begins by explaining the concept of ecological riverfront space, the main aspect and techniques of its planning. After this, it analysis eight cases(four cases in Korea, Swiss, Germany, America and Japan) in terms of the objects, planning techniques and the results of development. It continues by making detailed analysis according to four objectives like 'protection from flood', 'quality of the river', 'ecological preservation' and 'active usage of riverfront space'. It ends by evaluating the relationship between objectives and the planning which will be adapted to the future development of riverfront space with ecological aspect. In conclusion, hereafter will propose desirable design-direction for revitalization about riverfront space about ecological aspect design in urban.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2001

In order to answer the challenge that development gave to environment, Chinese cities are making up and putting into effect the green space system planning. The planning main keys are: set down standards and scope of green space; bring the characteristics of every types of green space in to full play and made into basic units of the system; formed powerful links of the system; make full use of the natural system of city, constituted the urban and countryside as a organic whole green space system, therefore give full play their function and ecological effect. In fact, this green space system is a complex system. It is the main body of city ecological system, a main container of the citizen activities of leisure and recreation and a leading factor for making characteristic city landscape. Therefore it is a system carrying city's environment sustainable development.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2001

This is a study on how to create an ecological arboretum that would promote biodiversity by creating wild animal habitats in terms of using large-scale remnants in urban areas and that would serve as a field for environment education based on its locational feature of being an urban area and its accessibility. This study is significant in a sense that this is the first arboretum to be created in urban area. However, it has a couple of limitations and they are as follows. First, since an arboretum creation plan is a mid/long-term plan, it is difficult to verify the biodiversity promotion effect of the application of habitats and creation techniques. Second, as the space was created by considering ecological features and utilizing natural prototype, the diversity of forest trees in here is lower than that of a traditional arboretum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.14-23
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• 2002

Daejeon is a large city in Korea and very high-speedly developing city. Recently urban area is expanding and large forest patch is fragmenting into small habitats because of urban sprawl. The fragmentation of large forest patch decreases the size of habitats and increases the loss of biodiversity in urban area. This study is to analysis the connectivity of green space of Daejeon metropolitan city, and suggest the optimum location of greening site and corridor in order to increase the connectivity of green space of Daejeon metropolitan city. The findings of this study are as follows; (1) The result of this study showed that ${\alpha}$ and ${\gamma}$ index are -0.24 and 0.20. A ${\alpha}$ index is very low and a ${\gamma}$ index is relatively low. (2) The dispersion was very high, for urban forest patches were isolated through fragmentation. Therefore, it needed ecological corridors in order to connect the patches. (3) A urban streams were very important in connectivity of urban green space. Urban riparian corridor must be preserved and restored. (4) A urban green space policy and planning must be prepared to increase the connectivity and assessment of alternatives must be accomplished from perspective of connectivity. The results of this study show the practical implications in perspective of green space planning and policy in Daejeon metropolitan city. The suggestions by findings of this study are to connect green space between large forest patch in urban fringe and island green space in inner city. Also, It is required that urban stream is restored to natural feature for use of corridor by wildlife.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.70-83
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• 1998

With the launch of a new millenium of the 21st century ahead, one of tasks that need to be considered in urban ecological aspect is the understanding of impact of continuing urbanization on urban ecosystem, habitats, and various species of animals and plants. In addition, alternatives and measures to mitigate these impacts including environment restoration should be pursued. In this article, the following points will be reviewed; 1) the definition and significance of an eco-city and "ecological network", 2) the necessity of an eco-network as one of factors composing an eco-city, in the aspects of urban planning and urban ecology, 3) ways to build an urban ecological network and example of foreign countries, 4) as an example of a city in Korea, the present state and impending tasks of the ecological network of Seoul city, and 5) a brief conclusion and suggestion. By providing a basic tool called "an ecological network" for urban space planning, it attempts to contribute in promoting networking of cities (netropolis) and urban biodiversity. It is believed that how to create an ecological network in an artificially developed urban area is a pending issue we are faced with. Herein lies the necessity of natural environment restoration and creation based on the so-called the Third Ecology. Regarding the efforts to return the Nature to urban citizens, there is a need to view the development of a desirable urban ecological network as the starting point and finishing point of the effort. In this way, it is believed that the objectives of urban sustainability through netropolis development would also be achieved.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.3-12
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• 2012

Nowadays, interests on Eco-city planning as Solution for problems of energy demand and environmental change has grown. so Eco-city planning became a major political topic for urban planning and urban design in many advanced nation cities. The purpose of this study is to find out the organized characteristics of Eco-City planning by analyzing successful overseas case where wasted historic port area in city is are regenerated with a environment-friendly concept for Eco-City "HafenCity". It is located on Hamburg-mitte in Hamburg, Germany and is currently the largest construction project in Europe. HafenCity as Home to about 12,000 and the workplace of 40,000 people is being created to accommodate a variety of uses including residential buildings, business, office and retail space as well as cultural and leisure facilities. First of all, HafenCity impresses because of its size as well as because of its Urban planning for eco-city. It presents the excellent change from wasted historic port to the ecological urban space.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.70-82
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to propose the community planting method through analyzing the plant community structure of three green space types and the relationship of vegetation and wild bird inhabitation of urban environmental forest in Seoul, Korea. The results from this study showed that the vegetation stratification, coverage, and species diversity were closely related to the wild bird inhabitation. In addition, the environmental forest in study site was analyzed as a negative factor that may decrease the biodiversity. Therefore the ecological structure and environmental condition must be considered in order to improve the quality of environmental forest. Based on results in three green space types, the planting species, density and species size for proper community planting were proposed in this study. The ecological niche relationships among sixteen selected species were also presented. The results will be provided as an valueable output for the completed community planting of urban green space in the central region, Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.29-38
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• 1999

Present green space planning of Korea pay little attention to biodiversity conservation in urban areas. The quality of urban wildlife habitat has been deteriorated severely due to fragmentation and isolation of urban open spaces. The application of ecological corridors to urban green space planning and management can greatly enhance the bird habitat of Seoul. The objectives of this study were to evaluate bird habitat potential of existing urban parks of Seoul, and to investigate methods to develop ecological corridors for wild birds. This study consists of three parts. The first part is to construct bird species/habitat relationship model. The second part is to evaluate 207 urban parks of Seoul with the model. Based on the relative potential for bird habitat, urban parks of Seoul can be classified into cores, nodes, and points of the network. Outcomes of this part can also be used to enhance the quality of bird habitats by identifying limits or weakness of existing green spaces for bird habitat. The final part is to develop three green network plans; north-south network, the Han river network, and a district network for Kangnam-Gu.