• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2002

In Korea, the school foodservice program has been expanding rapidly in recent years, partly as a result of increased government support. With the growth in the number of schools offering foodservice programs, food safety and sanitation concerns have been increasing. To assist with program improvement, a situation analysis was carried out, with the focus on equipment and sanitary management of school foodservice programs under flour different management systems. A questionnaire was mailed to the foodservice directors of 234 randomly selected schools chi[h included elementary, middle and high schools at the national level. Among them, one hundred and sixty-five responses reasonably completed were used for the analysis. This study classified each school's foodservice management into one of four types : independent-conventional, independent-commissary, contract-conventional, and contract-delivery. The results show that the monitoring of employees' health and personal hygiene, and employees' sanitary education was well conducted, but that the sanitary education of the voluntary parent workers was largely ignored. Eighty-six percent of the schools had their drinking water tested for sanitation, and the results showed that more effort is needed in careful management of drinking water in order to prevent foodborne illnesses and bacillary dysentery. In general, contract management showed lower scores in foodservice equipment and their efficiency, compared with independent management. A relatively high number of schools on the contract-delivery management system employed nurses and leachers instead of dietitians and foodservice directors. The adoption of the HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) system was lowest in contract-conventional and contract-delivery management systems, and highest in elementary schools using the independent-conventional system.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.437-443
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• 2018

The standardization of food ingredients in the procurement system is essential to maintain the quality of food services. Currently, school food services in Korea do not have such a standardized system, which results in inconsistency of the procurement procedure of food ingredients. This study examined how school foodservice nutritionists perceive the standardization of food ingredients in the procurement system. In particular, this study investigated school foodservice nutritionists' perception on the appropriateness, convenience, and necessity of newly proposed standardized procurement system consisting of a classification and attribute system. A total of 311 nutritionists from 123 elementary schools, 99 middle schools, and 84 high schools were surveyed via both online and offline from June 16-24, 2016. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, three quarters of the nutritionists perceived the newly proposed standardized procurement system to be necessary, while approximately sixty percent of the respondents reported that the newly proposed standardized procurement system is convenient. More than half of the respondents perceived the newly proposed standardized procurement system to be appropriate. The results suggest that the new standardized system directs a better way in terms of the classification and attribute systems of food ingredients. This study suggests that the standardization of food ingredients should be implemented at the operation of school food services.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2005

The study estimated employee satisfaction to apply TQM system to hospital foodservice management. A survey was mailed to foodservice employees of five general hospitals with more than 300 beds, three of them were independent and two of them were contract foodservice management. A total of 129 questionnaires were returned and analyzed for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS for chi-square test, t-test and Pearson's correlation. The results of this study showed that employees of contract foodservice presented higher scores than independent foodservice in interests, affection, importance of works. And achievement of work was significantly different between contract and independent foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The satisfaction of payment adequacy was lower for contract foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The employees of both contract and independent foodservice were satisfied with attitude of foodservice managers toward employee. Attitude scores of foodservice employees toward co-worker were higher in independent foodservice. Employees of independent foodservice showed higher scores for the attitude toward institution represented satisfaction. (Korean J Nutrition 38(2): 173～179, 2005)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2008

This study was designed to develop the strategy plans for the customer satisfaction on foodservice in the senior care facilities. For this, we examined the level of the customer satisfaction and foodservice quality. Additionally, the association between service quality, customer satisfaction, and social, psychological, physical factors of the aged were tested. Data from convenience samples from 3 senior care facilities were collected by using a questionnaire. Exploratory factor analyses were completed on 20 attributes for the food and service quality and 7 items for the social and psychological states of the aged, respectively. Cronbach's a was estimated for reliability, and Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analyses. The level of the satisfaction on foodservice was 4.01 of 5.0. The satisfaction on foodservice did not show the significant differences by gender, education level, BMI, and socio-psychological satisfaction. But the foodservice quality and the satisfaction showed significant difference by income and physical problem, and the goal of life of the eldely, respectively. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the determinants of the customer satisfaction on foodservice were the core quality of product, confidence, professionalism of employees and secondary quality of products. Especially, the kindness of employee is the most important attribute of the foodservice. Based on these results, we can set the strategy plans as follow: (1) the introduction of the foodservice evaluation system (2) the deployment of the event activities for offering fun to the customer (3) the continuous training of employees for ensuring the professional and kind service system, and (4) the introduction of selective menu system and take-out service of menu.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of sanitation management within school foodservice facilities and utilities in Gyeongbuk province. Data collection was carried out through surveys given to 200 school dietitians from the province. A total of 108 were usable, resulting in a 54.0% response rate. Statistical analyses were done using the SAS package program (version 8.2 for Windows). Of the study population, 58.3% had more than 10 years of work experience, and 64.8% worked in elementary schools. With regard to the style of foodservice system, 47.2% were urban and 46.3% were rural. Also, 89.8% of the school foodservices provided meals once a day. The performance of the sanitation management items of the facilities and utilities used to provide school foodservice was evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. The average score for the 25 items was 3.35 points. 'HVAC system installed in foodservice establishment' had the lowest average score at 2.20 points. Whereas 'provide adequate storage capacity to allow refrigerating and freezing and an adequate thermometer is installed and temperatures monitored' had the highest average score at 4.19 points. Nine out of the 25 items were lower than the average score. The performance scores of high schools were significantly higher than those of elementary schools or middle schools for 'window materials are provided that are not liable to break' (p<0.001). The performance scores for urban style foodservices were significantly lower than for rural foodservices for 'floor of kitchen is constructed to maintain a dry system' (p<0.05). In response to questions on kitchen utensils and equipment, significant differences were shown according to the number of meals served per day in 21 out of 56 items, and the style of foodservice system showed significant differences in 14 of the 56 items. Foremost, to make better use of the foodservice facilities and utilities in Gyeongbuk province, immediate improvements should be made for management items in which the degree of performance was below the average score.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.191-200
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• 2007

This study was designed to investigate the correlation between perceived TQM performance and organizational culture of dietitians. The objective of the study is to help the management of foodservice by providing a direction which will elevate perceived TQM performance of dietitians and presenting plans which will ensure effective dietitians. Questionnaires handed out to 308 dietitians worked in institutional foodservice operation including elementary, middle and high schools, hospitals, business and industries. In terms of TQM importance and performance, the more important dietitians perceived, the higher their performance level rose. Data form the IPA, external and internal customer satisfaction, executive ability, communication system and technology, information technology and application ability, food process, strategy, and leadership were required further improvement by dietitians. Of present organizational culture model, human relations model and open systems model were more likely to be adopted by dietitians in middle and high schools. According to the type of foodservice management, the open systems model was more preferred by dietitians from self-operated operations rather than respondents from contracted operations. Canonical correlation analysis between TQM performance and organizational culture showed canonical correlation to be higher (canonical correlations coefficient: .66). In conclusion, TQM performance-organizational culture showed higher canonical correlation. In the organizational culture, foodservice operation is capable of improving the aims for the rational goal model and the open systems model. The results showed that TQM performance and organizational culture had significant relationship, especially positive organizational culture emphasizing on internal process and rational goal model would have influence on TQM performance of dietitians. Foodservice operation, however, should recognize importance of open and development culture to improve dietitians' TQM performance. To apply open system foodservice organization should encourage dietitian and foodservice employees to challenge and compete for the works, Moreover, organizational effort such as information exchange program and support system should be established.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.170-178
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were 1) to analyze the effect of the information quality of standard menu system of ERP on the user’s satisfaction 2) to analyze the effect of the information quality of standard menu system of ERP on the user’s performance. The questionnaires were distributed to 260 end users(dietitians, foodservice management managers) in charge of managing the institutional foodservice such as the office(government agencies, factories), schools(universities, middle and high school) and hospitals which were managed by contract foodservice management company “C” in Seoul and Kyunggi. The surveys were performed from July 26 to July 30, 2004. Two hundred and fifty questionnaires were responded(response rate : 96.2%). The statistical analysis was conducted by using SPSS Win(11.5). And the descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability test, pearson correlation and simple regression analysis were performed. The results showed that the information quality of standard menu system of ERP have a significant positive effect on the user’s satisfaction(p<0.001) and user’s performance(p<0.001). When constructing standard menu system on ERP in the contract foodservice management company, the information quality of standard menu system of ERP should be guaranteed in order to satisfy the end-user and to improve the user’s performance.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the consumer's current use and recognition for foodservice social enterprises type cafe. During the research, problems regarding the developmental directions of foodservice social enterprises type cafe. A one-to-one survey method was used for data collection, and 301questionnaires among the 309 distributed questionnaires to consumers were analyzed (97.4% response rate). The main results of the study were as follows : with reference to the awareness of the foodservice social enterprise type cafe, a majority of respondents (81.1%) replied that they had knowledge related to the business of social enterprise. Furthermore, regarding how customers came to know about the foodservice social enterprise type cafe results showed that 28.2% of respondents knew about the cafe by acquaintances such as friend, co-worker, family, 23.2% by mass media, and 27.2% by others. Data concerning a companion when visiting the cafe, revealed that more than half of the respondents (80.0%) had visited with friend and co-worker. On problems with using the cafe, approximately 46.2% of the respondents replied that there was lack of public relation and 28.9% replied that it was an uncommon store. Since the findings suggested that the major problem is a lack of promotion, foodservice social enterprises type cafe should prepare organized brochures and guide system to attract customers with various purposes and values. Finally, the promotion for foodservice social enterprise type cafe requires a guidance map.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2004

The sound dietary habit is formed in childhood, which is basic foundation for keeping health. The school foodservice is practiced to provide proper nutritions, to establish the sound dietary habit. Continuous evaluation and improvement are necessary to operate school foodservice effectively. This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of meals served in elementary school based on nutrient content, food diversity. A questionnaire was mailed to dietitian of each school requested for menus of one week. Menus served in 77 schools from each province and major cities in Korea were analyzed. The results of this study were summarized as follows; Compared to 1/3 of RDA for children, many schools provide lower amounts of energy, calcium and Vitamin A. Proportions of energy from carbohydrate, protein and fat were 59.64%, 17.43% and 20.11%, respectively and were not significantly different by the area, the foodservice system, and the number of persons served. NAR(nutrient adequacy ratio) were lowest for calcium(0.67) and Vitamin A(0.65). MAR(mean adequacy ratio) was 0.83. The results of comparison of NAR and MAR by the area, the foodservice system, and the number of persons served were similar to those of nutrient contents. Comparing foods served by the nutrient density were different by nutrient contents, NAR and MAR. Mean nutrient density per meal were higher in large cities than in small cities and rural area, in conventional than in commissary foodservice system. Mean number of dishes and food items per meal were 5.86 and 19.87, respectively. The mean of total quantity of each food group per meal was 352g. The mean of total quantity of each food group per meal were higher in small cities and rural area than in large cities, in commissary than in conventional foodservice system. This study is based only on served menus, and the evaluations of meals based on actual consumption of children are needed. These results suggest that in order to improve the quality of school food service, realistic standard should be suggested and basic study should be done continuously.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.846-860
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• 2009

We investigated the foodservice management practices in various operation types of childcare centers in Asan, Chungnam Province, with the intention of improving the quality of foodservice and providing the basic information for establishing more effective and efficient foodservice model system. Self-completed questionnaires were collected from the directors of 174 child care centers. The statistical analysis was completed using SPSS Ver. 12.0 program. The followings are about the results of this study. Approximately 94.8% of the directors were women with the average age of 40.3. All of the investigated facilities executed foodservice; the facilities of 96.2% had been self-operated, 1.9% was contract-managed and the remaining 1.9% served delivered meal from outside. Only 20.0% of the investigated centers employed a dietitian. In most of the centers, meals were prepared in a conventional manner and approximately 85.3% of the centers are serving only snacks twice a day as a supplementary due to financial difficulties. Menu planner of the facilities, which have no dietitian was the director (35.8%) or the cook (25.7%). In most centers, the directors purchased the food materials (67.5%). Material inspection was done by the director (54.9%) or the cook (40.5%). However, home care centers did not inspect the food material. These results indicate that food service management guidelines need to be established by the facility type with the government control and financial support. Especially, dietitian employment and the efficient foodservice model system establishment are questions that confront us.