• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2009

Objectives : This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Gojineumja(Guzhenyinzi, GJEJ) on damaged neural tissue in cultured glial cells and in the mouse brain tissue. Methods : The effects of the GJEJ on activation of astrocytes and caspase 3-positive cell counts in cultured glial cells administered with ${\beta}$-amyloid peptide were investigated. The effects of the GJEJ on levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)-positive reactive astrocyets and caspase 3-positive cells in the hippocampal subfields in the rats administered with scopolamine were investigated. Results : 1. GJEJ reduced levels of activated astrocytes and caspase 3-positive cell counts in cultured glial cells administered with ${\beta}$-amyloid peptide. 2. GJEJ reduced levels of GFAP-positive reactive astrocyets and caspase 3-positive cells in the hippocampal subfields in the rats administered with scopolamine. Conclusions : The present data. suggest that GJEJ may have a protective function of neuronal and non-neuronal cells in damaged neural tissue caused by AD-like stimulations. Further studies on identification of effective molecular components of GJEJ and their interactions with damaged neural cells would be important for understanding molecular mechanism and may be further applicable for the development of therapeutic strategies.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.623-629
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• 2007

고고학과 미술역사의 범주에서 공예품, 회화, 건축의 조각이나 부조에서 보이는 인물, 신화, 종교적이거나 역사적사건, 문양과 장식등에 묘사된 모든 것들을 이미지화 하여 분석하고 시대의 풍습과 문화 양식까지 규정 한다. 이러한 이미지자료들이 노화 나 훼손, 또는 노출이 부족하게 촬영된 경우 색조의 분포가 고르지 않아 분석이 어려운 경우가 많다. 전문적인 사진의 색조 보정에 사용되는 Levels과 Curves는 그래프와 수치 값의 미세한 조절로서 결과 값을 산출하는 탁월한 기능이 있다. 색조가 훼손된 고고학적 이미지자료에 이 기술을 적용하여 그 방법을 모색하고 이 분야의 기초적인 응용기술로서의 유용성을 살펴보았다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.445-455
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• 2020

Fine dust is one of the most critical environmental issues in Korea, and the government recognizes the need to establish customized reduction policies based on regional characteristics. Several studies on air pollutants investigate whether factories affect the distribution of fine dust in a particular region. However, understanding the impact of the entire industry sector requires further investigation. This study identifies the impacts of industrial characteristics on fine dust levels of 141 municipalities across Korea in 2016. A total of 23 variables were used, of which 12 referred to industries and 11 to general characteristics of each city. Due to the high correlation between independent variables, partial least squares (PLS) regression models were used. The analysis identified 14 significant variables for PM10 and 13 for PM2.5. Therefore, the results suggest that local industrial characteristics can significantly influence fine dust levels and provide suggestions for establishing customized reduction policies based on local characteristics.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.493-499
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• 2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the midbrain, which results in decreased dopamine levels accompanied by movement symptoms. Oral administration of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa), the precursor of dopamine, provides initial symptomatic relief, but abnormal involuntary movements develop later. A deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying dopamine homeostasis is thus critically needed for the development of a successful treatment. Here, we show that p21-activated kinase 4 (PAK4) controls dopamine levels. Constitutively active PAK4 (caPAK4) stimulated transcription of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) via the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription factor. Moreover, caPAK4 increased the catalytic activity of TH through its phosphorylation of S⁴⁰, which is essential for TH activation. Consistent with this result, in human midbrain tissues, we observed a strong correlation between phosphorylated PAK4^S474, which represents PAK4 activity, and phosphorylated TH^S40, which reflects their enzymatic activity. Our findings suggest that targeting the PAK4 signaling pathways to restore dopamine levels may provide a new therapeutic approach in PD.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.169-183
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between family meals and family strengths (cohesion and flexibility) in Korean families with school-aged children. We focused on five dimensions of family meals: frequency, family rituals, communication, rules and roles, and perceptions. Our data came from 619 mothers who were married with at least one child in elementary school. Our multiple regression analyses showed that mothers reported higher levels of both cohesion and flexibility when they gave a higher priority to family meals, made family meals a ritual, had conversations on diverse topics during family meals, or experienced lower levels of meal-related stress. In addition, higher levels of family flexibility were found when a family had more structured rules related to family meals and the father more regularly participated in meal-related housework. This study contributes to the literature by understanding the roles of family meals from a multi-dimensional perspective.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.335-339
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• 2011

The unique characteristics of the construction industry - such as the fragmentation of its processes, varied scope of works and diversity of its participants - are contributory factors to poor project performance. Several issues are unresolved due to the lack of a comprehensive technique to measure project outcomes including: inefficient decision making, insufficient communication, uncertain site conditions, a continuously changing environment, inharmonious working relationships, mismatched objectives within the project team and a blame culture. One approach to overcoming these problems appears to be to measure performance by gauging contractor satisfaction (Co-S) levels, but this has not been widely investigated as yet. Additionally, the key Co-S dimensions at the project level are still not fully identified. This paper concerns a study of satisfaction dimensions, primarily by a postal questionnaire survey of construction contractors registered by the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB). Eight satisfaction dimensions are identified that are significantly and substantially relate to these contractors - comprising: project cost performance, schedule performance, product performance, design satisfaction, site safety, project profitability, business performance and relationships between participants. -Each of these dimensions is accorded different priority levels of satisfaction by different contractors. The output of this study will be useful in raising the awareness and understanding of project teams regarding contractors' needs, mutual objectives and open communication to help to deliver a successful project.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.599-614
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 심칼 프로그램을 활용하여 역동적인 함수적 상황을 관찰하고, 이를 다양한 방식으로 표현하고 해석하는 과정에서 드러나는 중학생들의 일정한 변화율에 대한 이해를 비교 및 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 분석된 수업은 중학교 1학년 학생 6명을 대상으로 진행된 수업 자료의 일부이다. 수업 자료를 분석한 결과, 심칼 프로그램을 활용한 수업은 다음 두 가지 의미를 갖는 것으로 드러났다. 하나는 변화율이 일정한 상황에서 학생들이 주목하는 양들 사이의 관계가 서로 다를 수 있다는 것과, 다른 하나는 학생 스스로 변량의 변화를 조정하고 그 결과를 확인하는 활동을 통해 일정한 변화율의 의미를 더 정교하게 구성하였다는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 함수의 교수 학습 상황에서, 특히 일정한 변화율을 포함하는 상황을 다양한 방식으로 표현하고 해석하는 활동에서 공학적 도구를 활용해야 할 필요성을 학생들과의 실제 수업에 근거하여 제시한 것으로, 학생의 이해 수준을 고려하여 공학적 도구를 활용한 함수 지도 내용과 그 방식을 계획하는 데 긍정적인 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2011

방사선이용의 사회적 수용성 제고 방안의 일환으로 일반대중 가운데 장기적인 관점에서 여론의 주도층 역할을 하게 될 대학생을 대상으로 전공자와 비전공자 사이에 방사선이용 분야별 필요성 인식 차이를 파악하여 방사선이용에 대한 국민이해 증진사업의 효율적인 전략구상에 필요한 근거자료를 제공하고자 한다. 2010년 11월 교육통계서비스(http://cesi.kedi.re.kr) 기준, 전국 4년제 대학교 177개교, 전문대학 146개교 중 전체 24.0%에 해당하는 78개교의 재학생을 표본으로 선정하여 방사선이용 분야별 필요성 인식수준을 설문조사 하였다. 그 결과 전공자와 비전공자 모두 의료분야의 필요성 인식수준이 높았고, 전공자와 비전공자 모두 농업분야의 필요성 인식수준이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 6개 방사선이용 분야 모두 전공자가 비전공자보다 필요성 인식수준을 높게 나타냈다. 각 분야별로 남학생, 의료방사선 경험이 있는 경우, 관련 교육을 받은 경우에 필요성 인식수준이 높았다. 이는 여학생, 의료방사선 경험이 없는 경우, 관련 교육경험이 없는 경우에 대해서는 보다 다양한 정보제공으로 필요성 인식 수준을 상대적으로 더 높일 필요가 있다고 본다. 각 지역별, 방사선이용 분야별 정책결정에 있어서 본 연구결과에 나타난 집단의 특성을 고려한다면 방사선이용에 대한 국민이해 증진사업을 효율적으로 달성하는데 도움이 될 것이라고 사료된다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2019

Recently, child safety map making education has attracted attention as a way to reduce crimes against children. In Korea, the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family organized a child safety map making education program in 2011. The program's manual was revised in 2013 and the Ministry implemented it as a project to promote the rights of women and children. Child safety map making education aims to raise a child's understanding of their neighborhood, to have voluntary control and normal consciousness as a local inhabitant, to be aware of wrong behavior and crime, and to be part of creating a safe urban environment. However, when compared to educational programs in other major developed countries, the child safety map making education program in Korea currently does not improve a child's awareness of their surroundings. In this workshop study, we proposed and ran a new program to improve children's awareness of their environment based on the active participation of children in the existing safety map educational program. The workshop was held for 4 weeks for 48 students from 5th and 6th grade at Osan Daeho Elementary School. We analyzed this new program's effects with the following results. First, an analysis of the effects of the program on children's recognition of safe and dangerous spaces revealed that their understanding of these spaces increased by 30.4% after the workshop. The safety-related factor in the mind map key concept increased from 0.94 to 4.94, indicating that the children's perception of neighborhood risk and safety factors improved. Second, the analysis of the effects of the program on the children's coping ability in dangerous situations showed that their understanding of how to deal with dangerous situations increased by 11.3%. The children's understanding of facilities they could ask for help, such as police boxes and child safety guard houses, improved by 17.9%. Third, analysis of the effects of child safety map making education on children's understanding of their neighborhood, their perception of responsibility in the neighborhood, and their neighborhood attachment showed that these levels of children's understanding of the neighborhood improved by 6.0% after the workshop.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2016

Adipose tissue is one of the major endocrine gland. More recently, local production of steroids in adipocytes differentiated from mouse 3T3-L1 cell-line was reported. We hypothesized that rat adipocytes have steroidogenic machinery and the expression patterns of the components might be differentially regulated, depending on the distribution and sex. To verify this hypothesis, we collected the adipose tissues depot-and sex-specifically at postnatal day (PND) 30, and performed quantitative RT-PCRs. In overall aspects, the abundances of the transcripts were lower in the brown adipose of both sexes. $3{\beta}-HSD$ transcript levels in female abdominal and reproductive adipose, CYP17 transcript levels in female reproductive adipose, $17{\beta}-HSD$ transcript levels in female abdominal and reproductive adipose, and CYP19 transcript levels in female abdominal adipose were significantly lower than those of male counterparts. Similar to steroidogenic factors, the abundance of the $ER-{\alpha}$ transcripts were generally lower in the brown adipose of both sexes. $ER-{\beta}$ transcripts were more abundant in male white adipose depots than their female counterparts. The levels of LHR transcripts in female reproductive adipose were significantly higher than those of male counterpart. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the expressions of steroidogenesis-related genes were depot- and sex-specifically occurred in the immature male and female rat adipose tissues. Our study suggested that the adipose tissues are not only targets but de novo synthesizing sites of sex steroid(s), though the synthesizing activities could be much less than in gonads. Further researches in this field will be helpful for understanding the adipose physiology and for medical application such as sex-specific steroid supplement therapies for older populations.