• Asia Marketing Journal
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.169-193
• /
• 2014

The earlier studies have verified that brand values have significant impact on financial values such as stock return and stock price to justify marketing costs for brand building. Except for Mizik and Jacobson (2008), however, little research has addressed what kinds of brand components composing brand values have a significant relationship with financial values. As a follow-up research of Mizik and Jacobson (2008), this research focuses on what kinds of relationships exist between the unanticipated change of each brand asset component and stock return, one of the financial values. The authors selected six brand asset components from the Korea-Brand Power Index(K-BPI) data in which 'Top of Mind,' 'Unaided Awareness,' and 'Aided Awareness' are brand awareness measures and 'Image,' 'Purchase Intention,' and 'Preference' are brand loyalty measures. Out of those six brand components, they found that unanticipated changes of 'Top of Mind,' 'Unaided Awareness,' 'Image,' and 'Preference' have significantly positive effect on unexpected stock return change. Therefore, they conclude that these four brand asset components provide incremental information in explaining unanticipated stock return.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2022.06a
• /
• pp.1222-1222
• /
• 2022

• Agribusiness and Information Management
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2012

Understanding climate change is not only complex but also extensive. Humanity has never embarked on such a huge challenge of trans-national scope: a problem that began in the past continues now and will be continuing for a long time in the future. Nepalese have also significantly felt the impact of global climate change. The scenarios of climate change indicate that the increased temperatures will cause snow-melt which will result in floods, droughts, and uneven weather patterns. The impact of such unexpected climate hazards and weather patterns have already been felt and will continue to be felt in Nepal. These climate change-induced hazards and risks particularly threaten the agriculture sector, which results in food insecurity and makes poor and vulnerable people face increasingly unanticipated impacts to their lives and wellbeing. This paper explores the climate vulnerability of the Nepalese in terms of their physical, social, economic and primarily agricultural losses due to the increasing impact of climate change. The paper argues the need for a timely adaptation of measures to maintain an environment suitable for agriculture and for the well-being of the population residing in the area.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.46-54
• /
• 1984

A new controller tuning method for solving problems that cannot be applicable to the processes with large time delay by Yuwana-Seborg method is presented. The new method is based on a single experimental test, a step change in the controller set point. Simulation results show that the new method can be not only well applicable to systems including large delay processes but also is superior to Ziegler-Nichols method or Cohen-Coon method in many respects despite unanticipated load disturbances that may occur during the experimental test.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2017.06a
• /
• pp.156-156
• /
• 2017

Plants are grown under constitutive changing of environmental conditions and response to external conditions at both protein and transcription level. The effects of heat on plant growth are broad and influence the yield directly. Heat stresses could be classified depend on intensity and duration. Fundamental changes of growth condition by climate change maybe or maybe not classified as a stress on plant growth. The effects of a short and unanticipated impact of elevated heat on plant could be different with those of under longer extension of ambient heat. To examine differently expressed gene sets by ambient heat stress of soybean, we grow the soybean in normal condition for three weeks. After that, soybean plants move to growth chamber. The temperature of growth chamber increase up to $9^{\circ}C$ for four days. We have extracted mRNA and micro RNA every 24 hours and carried RNA sequence analysis. We found major metabolic pathways affected by ambient heat stress. Mainly carbon metabolism, translation machinery and amino acid synthesis are affected. We discussed the expression patterns of genes of heat sensing and hormone responses.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.336-343
• /
• 2002

A major challenge for next generation mobile communication is capturing the system architecture’s complexity with all its internal and external dependencies. Seamless integration of heterogeneous environments in all system parts is a key requirement. Moreover, future systems have to consider the different evolution cycles of individual system parts. Among those, services are expected to change the fastest. With respect to these considerations, we propose an overall architecture for next generation mobile communication systems. It covers all system parts from wireless transmission to applications including network and middleware platform. Our approach focuses on adaptability in terms of recon- figurability and programmability to support unanticipated system evolution. Therefore, we consider abstraction layers which consist of adaptable cooperating components grouped by open platforms rather than rigid system layers. In addition to that, we introduce cross-layer cooperation allowing an efficient use of the available resources. Specific scenarios illustrate the feasibility of our approach.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.265-276
• /
• 2013

Pressure tubes made of Zr-2.5 wt% Nb alloy are important components consisting reactor coolant pressure boundary of a pressurized heavy water reactor, in which unanticipated through-wall cracks and rupture may occur due to a delayed hydride cracking (DHC). The Canadian Standards Association has provided deterministic and probabilistic structural integrity evaluation procedures to protect pressure tubes against DHC. However, intuitive understanding and subsequent assessment of flaw behaviors are still insufficient due to complex degradation mechanisms and diverse influential parameters of DHC compared with those of stress corrosion cracking and fatigue crack growth phenomena. In the present study, a deterministic flaw assessment program was developed and applied for systematic integrity assessment of the pressure tubes. Based on the examination results dealing with effects of flaw shapes, pressure tube dimensional changes, hydrogen concentrations of pressure tubes and plant operation scenarios, a simple and rough method for effective cooldown operation was proposed to minimize DHC risks. The developed deterministic assessment program for pressure tubes can be used to derive further technical bases for probabilistic damage frequency assessment.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.261-290
• /
• 2009

The primary purpose of this study is to explain the changing nature of Korean Democratic Labor Party, namely the revealed characteristics contrary to the party's original identity, based on empirical framework of so-called "Korean Democratic Labor Party' as a Parliamentary Party". This paper focuses on the unanticipated phenomenon that Korean Democratic Labor Party, in spite of its expectancy as an alternative party model to overcome the challenges of Korean party politics, has lost its characteristics as a mass party but has revealed the characteristics of parliamentary party since it took parliamentary seats in National Assembly.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.23-36
• /
• 2024

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the quality of case reports published in the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine from May 2018 to December 2023 and compare them with case reports from January 2015 to April 2018. Methods Case reports were searched on the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine website, and the selected reports were evaluated for CARE (CAse REport) guideline. Results There were a total of nine case reports selected for evaluation. The median value evaluated as 'sufficiently' increased compared to the case reports from January 2015 to April 2018 (61.5%→70.37%). The 'Not reported' rates of item 7 'Timeline of case' and item 10d 'Adverse and unanticipated events' decreased the most. However, since the 'Not reported' rate still exceeds 50%, continuous improvement is needed. Both item 11a 'Strengths and limitations of discussion', item 1 'The word "case report" and item 10a 'Clinician and patient-assessed outcomes' were reported 100% 'sufficiently,' and the quality of reports improved. Conclusions Case reports published in the Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine are generally improving in quality of reporting.

• International Area Studies Review
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.105-125
• /
• 2016

The expansionary monetary policy was practiced after 2001 in Japan to treat the deflation spiral, and reduced only the nominal interest rates and domestic household demand. One of the most serious factors for this failure was the change of private sector's expectancy. This paper has studied the effect of Japanese monetary policy in 21c., with empirical research based on a renewed macroeconomic model and the VAR. The empirical analysis shows that the effect of monetary policy on the national income during 2001.01-2015.03 is weaker than that of 1985.01-1994.04. Money volume has a diminutive effect on the growth of GDP within a short term after 2001. The change in the expectations of the private sectors might have been the cause of ineffectiveness of the expansive monetary policy. Economic agents learned from the past Japanese financial crisis that an expansive monetary policy increased the inflation rate and caused the 'bubbles to burst' afterwards. The VAR analysis says that the effectiveness of monetary policy on the economic depression declined over the past 20 years and the expansion of money volume has no influence on exchange rate and net export. This means that the expansive monetary policy lost its effect on net export and national income steadily. Monetary policy makers have to recognize this fact, and to consider another anti-cycle political instrument, i.e. the fiscal policy with government debt.