• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.138-156
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were to a) measure the service quality attributes of foodservice type such as school foodservice, hospital foodservice and business & industry(B&I) foodservice, managed by contract management company(CMC), b) compare with service quality attributes by CMC scale, c) analyze overall customer satisfaction(CS) by the foodservice type and the CMC scale, and d) identify the effect of service quality attributes on an overall CS by the foodservice type and the CMC scale. The questionnaires were handed out to 6,620 customers of 207 school, 38 hospital, and 86 B&I foodservices in 108 CMCs. The statistical data analysis was completed using SPSS Win(ver 12.0) for descriptive analysis, t-test, reliability analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. From an analysis on service quality attributes, 'proper arrangement of table and chair at hall distribution(3.53)', 'operation of nutrition education(3.50)' were highly perceived to student, 'correctable serving(4.08)', 'serve at fixed distribution time(4.08)', 'kindness of serving employee(4.04)' were highly perceived to patient, 'employee's kindness(3.84)' were highly perceived to customer of B&I. In comparison of service quality attributes by CMC scale, most scores of large enterprise(LE) were significantly higher than small and medium sized enterprise(SME) in school foodservice, hospital foodservice and B&I foodservice. Overall CS levels were 3.53 out of a maximum 5 on B&I, 3.46 on school, and 3.44 on hospital and were evaluated differently CS score by CMC scale. Finally, regression results for the effects of service quality attributes on overall CS by each of foodservice type were identified significantly different service quality attributes by foodservice type such as school, hospital, B&I(p<.001) and by CMC scale. For considering the goal of enterprise on profit-making through CS and the needs of customer on CS at moment of truth(MOT), the findings should be applied to the CMC and the foodservice industry.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 1997년도 춘계연구발표회 논문개요집
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• pp.74-75
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• 1997

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.729-735
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• 2005

This study was to analyze the difference between blood type and blood constitution according to Sasang constitution. The subjects were 302 men who visited blood donation house. Data collection was performed by using questionnaire that included three types of Sasang constitution. The data were analyzed as frequency, percentage, ${\chi}$2-test and ANOVA using SPSS 10.0 WIN Program. There was significant difference statistically in frequency of blood type as per Sasang constitution(${\chi}$2 =53.254, p=.000). Soyangin got most number in B type(34.7%), O type(26.7%), A type(21.8%), AB type(16.8%) in order. Taewumin got most number in O type (45.8%), A type(31.3%), B type(22.1%) and AB type(0.8%) in order, and in case of Sowumin, most in A type(54.3%), B type(24.3%), O type (11.4%) and AB type(10.0%) in order. In weight, height, fatness, hemoglobin, Hematocrit, platelet, ALT, AST and cholesterol, it appears that there is significant difference according to Sasang constitution. If proper regimen according to Sasang constitution by grasping the special features as per Sasang constitution through analyzing the difference as per Sasang constitution based on the results of above study is applied.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.43-57
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• 1987

The epidermal structure and stomatal types in vegetative and reproductive organs of three species of Bryophyllum(B. crenatum, B. diagremontion, B. tubiflorum) were described. The epidermal cells were polygonal, isodiametric, and rectangular in the leaves and stems, and elongated cells in the stamens, styles, and ovaries. These cells were commonly thick, and arched or sinuous in the leaves, epiphylous bunds, petals and ovaries. They were straight in the stems, petioles, pedicels, and peduncles. In both vegetative and reproductive organs, the subsidiary cell walls were commonly thin and mostly arched in all the organs. The great majority of the mature stomata in all the organs were helicocytic type with a helix of four to six subsidiary cells. The mature stomata varied from organ to organ with regard to the number and arangement of subsidiary cells. The ontogenetic type of stomata in all the organs was mostly helico-eumesogenous type. This type was subdivided into three subtypes such as parahelico-eumesogenous, anomohelico-eumesogenous, and diahelico-eumesogenous stomata on the basis of the division angle fo the guard mother cell. Sometimes, the anisoeumesogenous type was found in various organs. This type was subdivided into three subtypes such as paraniso-eumesogenous, anomoaniso-eumesogenous, and dianisoeummesogenous stomata. The tetra-eumesogenous and duplotetra-eumesogenous types were rarely found; the former in the leaf of B. crenatum and the latter in the leaf of B. diagremontiana. Anomometric patterns in the mesogenous categorry of stomatal types was observed in a few organs of all the materials. A new stomatal type with tetra-eumesogenous stoma within a girdle of three subsidiary cells fo aniso-eumesogenous in the leaf of B. diagremontiana was firstly observed in the vascular plants. This stoma was termed the cotetra-aniso-eumesogenous type. Anormal stomata such as aborted stomata, single guard cells, stoma with a constricted part in the middle of large guard cells, and arrested stomata were found in the various organs of all the materials.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.375-380
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• 1986

전분질원으로서 밀가루와 찹쌀을 단용(A: 전량 밀가루 사용, D: 전량 찹쌀 사용) 또는 혼용(B : 밀가루 75%, 찹쌀 25%, C : 밀가루와 찹쌀을 각각 50% 사용)하여 담금한 고추장의 성분을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 숙성 과정중 조단백질과 아미노태의 질소 함량 은 대체적으로 4, 3, C, D구의 순으로 높았고, ethyl alcohol은 D, C, B, A구의 순으로 높았다. pH는 A구에서 다소 높았으나 수분과 식염은 시험구간에 차이가 없었다. 90일숙성 고추장 중의 유리당은 glucose, fructose, maltose, rhamnose가 검출되었고, 이중 glucose는 양적으로 가장 많았다. 또한 glucose는 A구에서, fructose는 B구에서 각각 높았다. 숙성고추장의 알코올류로서 n-propyl, iso-butyl, iso-amyl alcohol이 검출되었으며, 이들 함량은 3.2mg% 이하로 시험구간에는 큰 차가 없었다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.104-114
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• 1998

목 적 : 장바이러스는 무균성 뇌막염의 가장 흔한 원인으로 알려져 있으며 1993년과 1996년에 국내에서 유행하였던 무균성 뇌막염은 주로 echovirus type 9에 의한 것이었다. 무균성 뇌막염의 유행시 원인 바이러스를 밝혀내는 일은 진단뿐 아니라 역학적인 의미에서도 필요하다. 이에 저자들은 1997년도에 마산 지역을 포함하는 경상남도 중부지역에서 유행하였던 무균성 뇌막염 환자를 대상으로 원인 바이러스를 규명하고 임상증상과의 관계를 추구하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 1997년 3월부터 10월까지 마산 파티마병원에 무균성 뇌막염으로 진단된 환자 239명(소아 213명, 성인 26명)에서 채취한 검체(뇌척수액 128례, 대변 239례)를 대상으로 바이러스 배양과 enterovirus RNA 검출을 시행하였다. 배양된 바이러스는 면역형광법을 이용하여 동정하였고 장바이러스 RNA는 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)을 이용하여 확인하였다. 결 과 : 1) 환자의 발생시기는 3월부터 10월까지였으며 6월에 가장 많은 환자의 분포를 보였다. 2) 대상 환자 239명(소아과 213명, 내과 26명)의 연령별 분포를 보면 소아환자의 평균연령은 4.9세로 신생아에서부터 15세에 이르기까지 다양하게 분포하였고 16세이상 내과 병동에 입원하였던 환자는 평균 연령이 24.2세로 16세에서 35세까지의 연령 분포를 보였다. 3) 환자에서 바이러스 분리는 뇌척수액 128례중 53례(41.4%), 대변에서는 239례중 163례(68.2%)에서 분리가 되었다. 4) 분리된 바이러스의 결과를 보면 뇌척수액에서는 echovirus type30이 16례(30.2%), echovirus type 6이 6례(11.3%), echovirus type 4가 1례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 echovirus가 4례, coxsackievirus type B5가 1례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 enterovirus가 24례 이었다. 한편 대변에서는 echovirus type30이 72례(44.2%), echovirus type 6이 21례(12.9%), echovirus type 4가 1례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 echovirus가 17례(10.4%), coxsackievirus type B5가 1례, A24가 2례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 coxsackievirus type B가 3례, 아형이 결정되지 않은 enterovirus가 46례였다. 결 론 : 1997년 3월부터 10월까지 경상남도 중부지방에서 무균성 뇌막염의 유행이 있었으며 원인 바이러스는 echovirus type 30이 주된 원인 바이러스이었고 그 외에 echovirus type 4, 6, coxsackievirus B5, coxsackievirus A24에 의한 무균성 뇌막염의 산발적인 발생이 있었다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2005

Background: Costimulation is a critical process in Ag-specific immune responses. Both B7.1 and CD28 molecules have been reported to stimulate T cell responses during antigen presentation. Therefore, we tested whether Ag-specific immune responses as well as protective immunity are influenced by coinjecting with B7.1 and CD28 cDNAs in a mouse HSV-2 challenge model system. Methods: ELISA was used to detect levels of antibodies, cytokines and chemokines while thymidine incorporation assay was used to evaluate T cell proliferation levels. Results: Ag-specific antibody responses were enhanced by CD28 coinjection but not by B7.1 coinjection. Furthermore, CD28 coinjection increased IgG1 production to a significant level, as compared to pgD+pcDNA3, suggesting that CD28 drives Th2 type responses. In contrast, B7.1 coinjection showed the opposite, suggesting a Th1 bias. B7.1 coinjection also enhanced Ag-specific Th cell proliferative responses as well as production of Th1 type cytokines and chemokines significantly higher than pgD+pcDNA3. However, CD28 coinjection decreased Ag-specific Th cell proliferative responses as well as production of Th1 types of cytokines and chemokine significantly lower than pgD+pcDNA3. Only MCP-1 production was enhanced by CD28. B7.1 coimmunized animals exhibited an enhanced survival rate as well as decreased herpetic lesion formation, as compared to pgD+pcDNA3. In contrast, CD28 vaccinated animals exhibited decreased survival from lethal challenge. Conclusion: This study shows that B7.1 enhances protective Th1 type cellular immunity against HSV-2 challenge while CD28 drives a more detrimental Th2 type immunity against HSV-2 challenge, supporting an opposite role of B7.1 and CD28 in Ag-specific immune responses to a Th1 vs Th2 type.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.171-197
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the task group functioning and need styles have influence on role conflict and role ambiguity as the employee's personality engaged in the service industry such as a hotel. This study uses the hierarchical regression analysis method. Data were collected by the survey method from employees engaged in the service industry such as a hotel located Seoul, the Province of Gyeonggi, and the Province of Gangwon. The study result shows that to the employees in the type A and type X styles, the task group functioning and need styles are not significantly related to the role conflict. But to the employees in the type B style, the task group functioning and need styles are significantly related to the role conflict. And the result shows that to the employees in the type B style, the lower the faith in peers and management, the more the role conflict occur. On the other hand, the study result shows that to the employees in the type A styles, the task group functioning is significantly related to the role ambiguity. And to the employees in the type B style, the higher the faith in peers and management, the more the role ambiguity occur. On the contrary, to the employees in the type X style, need styles are significantly related to the role ambiguity. But to the employees in the type X style, the higher the need for achievement, the more the role ambiguity occur. On the other hand, the study result shows that to the employees in the type B styles, the task group functioning and need styles are significantly related to the role ambiguity. And to the employees in the type B style, the higher the need for achievement, the more the role ambiguity occur or the lower the confidence in peers and management, the more the role ambiguity occur. Although this study provides several managerial implications, this study has some limitations. Specifically data were collected from only the hotel industry in Seoul, the Province of Gyeonggi, and the Province of Gangwon. In spite of the limitations, the study results could be used valuably in case of the personnel managers which manage the employees under the conflict situations.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.473-482
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• 2015

Let Qf be the maximal derivative of f with respect to the Bergman metric $b_B$. In this paper, we will find conditions such that $(1-{\parallel}z{\parallel})^s(Qf)^p(z)$ is bounded on B. We will also find conditions such that Bergman projection type operator $P_r$ is bounded operator from $L^p(B,d{\mu}_r)$ to the holomorphic Besov p-space Bs $B^s_p(B)$ with weight s.

• Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1087-1095
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• 2023

In this paper, the concept of a weighted b_ν(α)-metric space is introduced as a generalization of the b_ν(s)-metric space and ν-metric space. We prove some fixed point results of the Reich-type contraction in the weighted b_ν(α)-metric space. Furthermore, we generalize Reich's theorem by extending the result to a weighted b_ν(α)-metric space.