• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.238-247
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the level of stress and symptoms of stress (SOS) in soldiers and to investigate the factors that have effects on the symptoms of stress. Methods: Data was collected from soldiers of two military units located in north Kyounggi-Do from August 2 to 9, 2006 by using the survey instruments. Results: This research found that the average values on the level of stress and symptoms of stress were about $2.53{\pm}0.60$ (range 1.00-4.35) and $0.95{\pm}0.55$ (range 0.04-2.83), respectively. The things which affected symptoms of stress, according to this study, were the external factors in the military (${\beta}=.28$, p<.001), role and relation factors (${\beta}=.21$, p<.001), work factors (${\beta}=.15$, p=.01) and passive coping styles (${\beta}=.19$, p<.001). These variables explained 28% (F=36.68, p<.001) of the variance of the total symptoms of stress. Conclusion: This study suggests that soldiers need to under go stress management.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.71-82
• /
• 2005

Purpose: This study analyzed domestic articles that studied job-stress of nurses using Meta Analysis to evaluate the responses resulted from job-stress and the factors affecting them. Method: To conduct this study, data were collected primarily from database of "richis" and additionally from 8 nursing journals and 5 theses for a degree on job-stress of clinical nurses. Result: As a result of Meta Analysis casual factor of job-stress, the result represented that two reasons; personal factor was the age, occupational factor were ward, duration of employment and position. By the result of analysis of effect of job-stress, satisfaction of the job, exhaustion, health status and immersion of the job were strongly related to job-stress. According to the general solution against job-stress that referred from job-stress related theses, there are several; Imagination Therapy, Assertive Training and Value Clarification Training could bring significant result. Conclusion: This study showed that because job-stress of clinical nurses had nothing to do with personal factors, job-stress management plans for nurses are needed to focus on occupational factors. Also the study suggested that various coping skills that proved to be effective are needed to be used to relieve job-stress and that's responses on nurses.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제60권2호
• /
• pp.351-363
• /
• 2016

Exact solutions for stresses, strains, displacements, and the stress concentration factors of a rectangular plate perforated by an arbitrarily located circular hole subjected to in-plane pure shear loading are investigated by two-dimensional theory of elasticity using the Airy stress function. The hoop stresses, strains, and displacements occurring at the edge of the circular hole are computed and plotted. Comparisons are made for the hoop stresses and the stress concentration factors from the present study and those from a rectangular plate with a circular hole under uni-axial and bi-axial uniform tensions and in-plane pure bending moments on two opposite edges.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.1392-1402
• /
• 1999

This study was carried out to find out stress-eating relationship in obese high school girls and to investigate the factors related to stress-induced eating. The conceptual framework used in this study was individual difference model. The research method was methodological triangulation. The data of the study were collected from purposively sampled 309 normal high school girls and 314 obese high school girls in S city. 15 volunteers, obese high school girls, enrolled in this qualitative research. Quantitative data was collected from May 6 to June 10, 1997 through questionnaires about stress and stress-related eating changes and from June 23 to August 26, 1997, qualitative data was collected. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Obese high school girls were unaffected by stress(t=-1.84, p=0.0662). 2. Through quantitative analysis, obese people divided into two groups in their response to stress. One group was composed of stress- eater. The other group was composed of non- stress eater. 3. Disinhibition(t=-3.1275, p=0.0019), cognitive restrain (t=-3.1597, p=0.0017), hunger(t=-3.5878, p=0.0004) were significantly different between stress-eaters and non-stress eaters. 4. According to the interview, 5 subjects of obese girls were stress eaters, and 10 subjects were non-stress eaters. Through qualitative research, the related factors of eating were eating attitude & behavior, stimuli situations on eating, and personality. In stress-eater group, they constantly went on a diet, however, they were prompted to eat when an uneasy feeling such as anxiety, depression, annoyance developed. Their personality were entirely optimistic. Whereas non-stress eater group had no interest in diet and didn't appear to have psychological factors to stimulate eating in stressful situations. Their personality was not only optimistic but also keenly characteristic. 5. To compare obese-normal high school girls on the effect of stress in eating. Normal weigh high school girls decreased their eating when stressed(t= -13.62, p=0.0001). In conclusion, this study suggests that there are two different groups in obese high school girls in regards to eating responses on stressful situations. As a result of these finding, clinical and school nurses can detect the stress-eaters who need stress management intervention, and can apply appropriate management program according to the individual needs.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.172-179
• /
• 2001

The effects of the interface and two holes located near the crack path in the hybrid specimen on the dynamic crack propagation behavior have been investigated using dynamic photoelasticity with the aid of Cranz-Shardin type high speed camera system. The dynamic stress field around the dynamically propagating interface crack tip in the three point bending specimens under a dynamic load applied by a hammer dropped from 0.6m high without initial velocity are recorded. The complex stress intensity factors for the dynamically propagating interface crack are extracted by using a overdeterministic least square method. Theoretical dynamic interface isochromatic fringe loops generated by using the numerically determined complex stress intensity factors are compared with the experimental results. Furthermore, the influence of the hole to the dynamic interface crack velocities has been investigated experimentally.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.1710-1718
• /
• 1993

This paper investigates the problem of a crack approaching two circular holes in an orthotropic infinite plate. The stress intensity factors were obtained by using the modified mapping-collocation method. The present results show excellent agreement with existing solutions for a crack approaching two circular holes in an isotropic infinite plate. In the numerical examples, various types of cross-ply laminated composites were considered. To investigate the effect of orthotropy and geometry(d/R and a/(d-R)) on crack tip singularity, stress intensity factors were considered as functions of the normalized crack length. It is expected that the modified mapping-collocation method can be applied to the analysis of various kinds of cracks existing around the stress-concentration region of composite laminate.

• 아동학회지
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.77-96
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among mother's psychological characteristics(self-esteem, self-efficacy, and depression), parenting related factors(maternal parenting stress and mother's knowledge on infant development), maternal parenting style, and two-year-old infants' development. The participants consisted of 1735 mothers and their two-year old infants selected from a sample of the 3rd Panel Study of Korean Children(PSKC) by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education(KICCE), conducted in 2010. Data were analyzed by means of a Structural Equation Model(SEM) to identify the structure and relationships among the various factors. The significance of direct and indirect effects to test the mediating effect of maternal parenting style were identified via bootstrapping. The results indicated that maternal parenting style most definitely mediated the relationship among the mother's psychological characteristics(self-esteem and self-efficacy), parenting related factors(maternal parenting stress and mother's knowledge on Infant development) and the development of their two-year-old infants.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• 제53권4호
• /
• pp.463-473
• /
• 2015

The fashion industry has distinctive characteristics. It is important to understand the specific working environment and unique problems at fashion corporations in order enhance employee efficiency. However, studies on job stress for fashion employees remain limited. This study used qualitative research to examine major job stress factors for fashion company workers. In-depth interviews were conducted on 6 respondents who work in various departments at fashion manufacturing companies. We identified task-related factors and structural factors as the two major job stress factors. Task-related factors consisted of 4 elements (necessity of massive knowledge, overtime outside work, tight schedules, and organizational tasks); structural factors consisted of 3 elements (burden of sales outcome, formal relationships, and anxiety of salary retirement). The results indicated that respondents consistently tried to gain knowledge about the latest trends and field experiences that caused mental and physical exhaustion due to the necessity of working late. Designers and workers in the sales department were constantly evaluated by their sales results compared to other workers that caused high levels of stress. Respondents answered that building relationships was an important factor in the fashion industry and sometimes felt that building formal relationships was more important than the ability to do work.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.155-173
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding about urban housewives' stress in family financial management, their coping strategies, and their sense of economic well-being, which will eventually provide some baseline data for policy development. The findings of this study are summarized in the following. First, the mean score of the level of financial management-related stress among urban housewives was 2.61 when the maximum level was set at 5. In order to overcome the stress from financial management, housewives utilized various strategies, such as purchasing management, financial planning, financial information gathering, getting a loan, and delaying payments. The average level of economic well-being among urban housewives was 2.82 when the maximum level was 5. Second, among socio-demographic factors, the family's monthly income and the husband's job satisfaction were the two most significant factors that affected the level of financial management stress among housewives. Third, there was a difference in employing coping strategies according to the level of stress. The group with a higher level of financial stress employed more coping strategies than the group with, a lower level of stress. Fourth, there were differences in the level of economic well-being, depending on the types of coping strategies employed. Fifth, the results from regression analyses, which were conducted to determine the relative explanatory power of different independent variable groups including subjective factors, financial management stress, and coping strategies, showed that socio-demographic and objective economic factors significantly affected economic well-being.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제61권6호
• /
• pp.747-754
• /
• 2017

Exact solutions for stresses for an infinite rectangular plate perforated by two circular holes of different radii subjected to uni-axial or bi-axial uniform loads are investigated using the Airy stress function. The hoop stresses occurring at the edge of the circular hole are computed and plotted. Comparisons are made for the stress concentration factors for several types of loading conditions.