• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.245-256
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• 2008

In order to cope with the ill-defined problem of human behavior being immanent uncertainty, several methodologies have been studied in game theoretic, social psychological and political science frameworks. As methods to arrange system elements systematically and draw out the consenting structural model concretively, ISM, FSM and DEMATEL based on graph theory etc. have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a modified structural modeling method to recognize the nature of problem. We introduce the statistical method to adjust the establishment levels in group decision situation. From this, it will become possible to obtain effectively and smoothly the structural model of group members in comparison with the traditional methods. Further we propose a procedure for achieving the consenting structural model of group members based on the structural modeling method. By applying the method to recognize the nature of ill-defined problems, it will be possible to solve the given problem effectively and rationally. In order to inspect the effectiveness of the method, we conduct a practical problem as an empirical study: "Behavior analysis of passengers for the Joban line of East Japan Railway Company after new railway service of Tsukuba Express opened".

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1061-1068
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• 2011

Evapotranspiration is one of the important elements related water cycle and there is many kind of measurement method of evapotranspiration today. This study developed mini lysimeter for the purpose of direct measurement of evapotranspiration and installed on 5th, July, 2010 at the field of MRI which located at Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan for continuous measurement and understand relation between evapotranspiration and meteorological elements expecially radiation elements. And compared the evapotranspiration data of lysimeter with Bowen Ratio Method. The result of this study is as follows; There is high related with solar radiation and evapotranspiration with $R^2$=0.947. and 46 % of solar radiation converted into evapotranspiration during clear 5 days. In net radiation also highly related with evapotranspiration, we can derive evapotranspiration is mainly controlled by radiation energy in clear days. From the 104 days data, there is only 9 % difference between Bowen Ratio Method and evapotranspiration of lysimeter which was developed from this study is very useful to estimate evapotranspiration at field site with simple and high accuracy. High accuracy and resolution measurement of evapotranspiration by lysimeter can give a chance further study of meteorological phenomena of on ground expecially in night time condensation which means abnormal energy flow.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 1989

This studies were carried out to selected high pathogenic nuclear polyhedrosis viruses(NPVs) against Pseudaletia(=Leucania) separata for the introduction of microbiol control of the insect NPV in Korea. Among 21 NPVs, Sesamia inferens and 4 P. separata NPV strains were highly pathogenic against P. separata when fed orchard grass leaves smeared virus suspension on the 2nd instar larvae. Three NPV strains (LsNPV-F, LsNPV-G, LsNPV-Y) were more susceptible to the younger instar than the older instar P. separata larvae when fed artificial diet mixed with the virus to the insect.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.33.1-33.1
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• 2012

We investigate the disk-jet connection of Young Radio Galaxies (YRGs) by comparing emission-line properties with radio luminosity and jet size. By combining new optical spectra for 21 objects with SDSS archival data for 15 objects, we selected a sample of 36 low-redshift YRGs at z < 0.4. We find that YRGs are classified in high- and low-excitation galaxies based on the relative strength of high-to-low excitation line strengths, suggesting that there are two populations in YRGs as similarly found in large radio galaxies, i.e., FRIs and FRIIs. High-excitation galaxies (HEGs) have higher emission line luminosities than low-excitation galaxies (LEGs) at fixed black hole mass and radio luminosity, suggesting that the Eddington ratio is higher in HEGs than in LEGs and that for given radio activity HEGs have higher accretion activity than LEGs. The difference between HEGs and LEGs is probably due to either mass accretion rate or radiative efficiency.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.179-183
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• 2009

To understand the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on floral senescence in Hibiscus syriacus L., we have investigated change in relative water potential, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, H_2O_2 content and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in the petals during flower opening and senescence. Hibiscus flowers were achieved full bloom at early morning and started to in-rolling and showed petal in-rolling over than 50% at 24 h and 36 h after full bloom, respectively. The flower was a decrease in fresh weight by 30% and showed water loss with floral senescence. MDA content and activity of antioxidative enzymes such as APX, GR and CAT were showed no significant change until 36 h after full bloom. In the flower 48 h after full bloom that showed complete petal in-rolling and wilting, however, activity of antioxidative enzymes and H_2O_2 content was greatly increased as compared with 0 h after full bloom. These results suggest that reactive oxygen species are related to accelerating the later senescence more than inducing the early senescence during Hibiscus flower senescence.

• ALGAE
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2018

Emiliania huxleyi (a haptophyte) is the most abundant coccolithophore species that produces delicate calcite scales called coccoliths. In this study, we identified several candidate genes associated with coccolith production by comparing the transcriptomes of the calcifying (CCMP 371) and non-calcifying (CCMP 2090) strains of E. huxleyi. Among the candidates, genes highly expressed in CCMP 371 were identified. To confirm whether these genes are associated with calcification, we modulated coccolith production in CCMP 371 by culturing it at different calcium concentrations. At an ambient (10 mM) concentration of calcium in the growth medium, CCMP 371 sustained its calcifying ability. However, at a low (0.1 mM) concentration or absence of calcium, there was no calcite formation, demonstrating that calcium-limiting conditions negatively affect calcification. We also evaluated the expression patterns of the putative genes in cells grown at different calcium concentrations by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, we showed that the growth rate of cells cultured under calcium-limiting conditions does not differ from that under ambient conditions. Further studies are required to investigate the roles of the putative calcification-associated genes at the molecular level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.32-34
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• 2002

Over the past two decades there has been a tremendous growth in the number of synchrotron radiation facilities in the world and also in Japan. The high flux and brightness radiation which derive from the third generation low emittance rings provide an ideal source for many applications in the medical sciences. The application of synchrotron radiation to medical imaging started in the early 80's in U.S.A, followed by European countries such as Germany and Russia. In Japan, researchs on intravenous coronary angiography started in 1884 at the Institute for High Energy Phisics(KEK) in Tsukuba. At present, it is the only application of syncrotron radiation which is at the stage of human study. In '90s, newer techniques such as phase and refraction contrast imaging appeared which are at the in vitro or animal study stage. Various types of x-ray CT have also been developed for three-dimensional imaging of the subjects. The present status of medical applications of synchrotron radiation in Japan is reviewed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.356-358
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• 2002

MRI, particularly diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), plays vital roles in detection of the acute brain infarction$\^$1-4/ and others metabolic changes of biological tissues. In general, every molecule in biological tissues may diffuse and move randomly in three-dimensional space. However, in clinical diagnosis, only 2D-DWI is used. The authors have developed a new method for rapid three-dimensional DWI (3D-DWI). In this method, by refocusing of the magnetized spin with the applied gradient field, direction of which is opposite to phase encoding field. Magnetized spin of $^1$H is kept under the SSFP (steady state free precession)$\^$5-6/. Under SSFP, in addition of FID, spin echo and stimulated echo are also generated, so the acquired signal is increased. The signal intensity is increased depending on flip angle (FA) of magnetized spin. This phenomenon is confirmed by human brain and phantom studies. The performance of this method is quantitatively analyzed by using both of conventional spin echo DWI and 3D-DWI. From experimental results, three dimensional diffusion weighted images are obtained correctly for liquid phantoms (water, acetone and oil), diffusion coefficient is enhanced in each image. Therefore, this method will provide useful information for clinical diagnosis.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.226-229
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• 1999

We have been developing a method to build models for time series using Genetic Programming. The proposed method has been applied to various kinds of time series e.g. computer-generated chaos, natural phenomena, and financial market indices etc. Now we apply the prediction method to time histories of seismic ground motion i.e. one-step-ahead prediction of seismographic amplitude. Waves of earthquakes are composed of P-waves and S-waves. They propagate in different speeds and have different characteristics. It is believed that P-waves arrive firstly and S-waves arrive secondly. Simulations were performed based on real data of Hyuganada earthquake which broke out at southern part of Kyushuu Island in Japan. To our surprise, prediction model built using the earthquake waves in early time can enough precisely predict main huge waves in later time. Lots of experiments lead us to conclude that every slice of data involves P-wave and S-wave. The simulation results suggest the GP-based prediction method can be utilized in alarm systems or dispatch systems in an emergency.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.262-268
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• 2013

We study the focusing properties of a two-dimensional square-lattice photonic crystal (PC) comprising silica and germanium partitioned cylinders in air background. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method with periodic boundary condition is utilized to calculate the dispersion band diagram and the FDTD method incorporating the perfectly matched layer boundary condition is employed to simulate the image formation. In contrast to the common square PCs in which the negative refraction effect occurs in the first photonic band without negative phase propagation, in our suggested model system, the frequency with negative refraction exists in the second band and in near-infrared region. In this case, the wave propagates with a negative phase velocity and the evanescent waves can be supported. We also discuss the dependency of the image resolution and its location on surface termination, source location, and slab thickness. According to the simulation results, spatial resolution of the proposed PC lens is below the radiation wavelength.