• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.368-378
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• 2019

Logic trees for probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment include numerous variables to take various uncertainty on earthquake generation into consideration. Results from the hazard assessment vary in different way as more variables are considered in the logic tree. This study is conducted to estimate the effects of various scaling laws and fault parameters on tsunami hazard at the nearshore of Busan. Active fault parameters, such as strike angle, dip angle and asperity, are adjusted in the modelling of tsunami propagation, and the numerical results are used in the sensitivity analysis. The influence of strike angle to tsunami hazard is not as much significant as it is expected, instead, dip angle and asperity show a considerable impact to tsunami hazard assessment. It is shown that the dip angle and the asperity which determine the initial wave form are more important than the strike angle for the assessment of tsunami hazard in the East Sea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.81-96
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of vegetation changes and structures in the buffer green zone of Sihwa Industrial Complex and propose environmental, ecological and multi-functional vegetation management directions. The density of the Pinus thunbergii decreased from $23.1trees/100m^2$ in 2006 to $9.6trees/100m^2$ in 2017 due to the influence of thinning works. Its green volume increased from $0.97m^3/m^2$ to $2.02m^3/m^2$, contributing to the improvement of the atmospheric environment and promotion of biodiversity. The density of deciduous broad-leaved trees at the top maintained at $18{\sim}21trees/100m^2$. In the areas where the understory vegetation was removed, Pueraria lobata spread as an invasive plant and disturbed the forest. In the areas where the understory vegetation was not removed, various native plant species including the Rhus javanica and Celtis sinensis were introduced and contributed to the development of a forest in a multiple structure. There was a concern with the spread of Robinia pseudoacacia which developed into understory vegetation in Pinus thunbergii forest and some canopy forest. The study proposed vegetation management directions for the back, top and front side according to the physical structure of large-scale buffer green zone formed in a long linear form and the usage characteristics of adjacent land.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.5
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• pp.223-226
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• 2014

Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is a form of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in which the Aspergillus infection is limited predominantly to the tracheobronchial tree. It occurs primarily in severely immunocompromised patients such as lung transplant recipients. Here, we report a case of Aspergillus tracheobronchitis in a 42-year-old man with diabetes mellitus, who presented with intractable cough, lack of expectoration of sputum, and chest discomfort. The patient did not respond to conventional treatment with antibiotics and antitussive agents, and he underwent bronchoscopy that showed multiple, discrete, gelatinous whitish plaques mainly involving the trachea and the left bronchus. On the basis of the bronchoscopic and microbiologic findings, we made the diagnosis of Aspergillus tracheobronchitis and initiated antifungal therapy. He showed gradual improvement in his symptoms and continued taking oral itraconazole for 6 months. Physicians should consider Aspergillus tracheobronchitis as a probable diagnosis in immunocompromised patients presenting with atypical respiratory symptoms and should try to establish a prompt diagnosis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.521-530
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• 1994

Voume functions, which are usually expressed by the function of dbh and height, are estimated commonly through the regression analysis with the highest statistical accuracy considered. In Korea, general volume functions for each tree species were prepared by means of the regression analysis with the exponential function ($V=aD^bH^c$) having the dbh(D) and height(H) as independent variables. In this study, regional stem curve functions for the Pinus densiflora in Kangwon-province were derived and a regional volume function model, in which the stem volume can be directly estimated through the rotational integral of the regional stem curve functions, was prepared. The regional volume estimated by the prepared model was more accurate than the volume by the general volume table for the Pinus densiflora in Kangwon-province. Additionary, the form of stem curves derived by the regional stem curve functions showed difference from each other. The stem in Youngwol and Wonju taper down more fast in upper part than that in other regions. These various stem forms also led to the regional difference in volume estimates.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.160-169
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• 2006

This paper describes the data structure for program analysis and optimization of bytecode level. First we create an extended CFG(Control Flow Graph). Because of the special properties of bytecode, we must adaptively extend the existing control flow analysis techniques. We build basic blocks to create the CFG and create various data that can be used for optimization. The created CFG can be tested for comprehension and maintenance of Java bytecode, and can also be used for other analyses such as data flow analysis. This paper implements CTOC's CTOC-BR(CTOC-Bytecode tRanslator) for control flow analysis of bytecode level. CTOC(Classes To Optimized Classes) is a Java bytecode framework for optimization and analysis. This paper covers the first part of the CTOC framework. CTOC-BR is a tool that converts the bytecode into tree form for easy optimization and analysis of bytecode in CTOC.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.182-187
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• 2004

Strain NR $15-1^T$ isolated from traditional Korean Nuruk is described as a new species and named as Aspergillus coreanus NR $15-1^T$ sp. novo Strain NR $15-1^T$ grew rapidly to form yellow-green colonies whose surfaces were velvety on Czapek solution agar. Conidial heads were yellow to light and elliptical, whereas the conidiophore was colorless and typically long. In addition, vesicles were from flask-shaped to globose, and sterigmata are uniseriate. Conidia were spherical and deep yellow-green, and their surfaces were lightly roughened. The G＋C content of strain NR $15-1^T$ was 51 mol% and strain NR $15-1^T$contained a dihydrogenated ubiquinone with Q9 (94.9%) as a major quinone. The nucleotide sequences of strain NR $15-1^T$ in the two Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS 1 and 2) and 5.8S rDNA showed highest similarity when compared with that of A. tubingensis and A. phoenicis NRRL $365^T$. However, based on morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, this strain was different from A. tubingensis and A. phoenicis NRRL $365^T$. On the basis of the data presented, it is proposed that strain NR $15-1^T$ should be placed in the genus Aspergillus as a new species, Aspergillus coreanus sp. novo Therefore, the type strain of the new species is strain NR $15-1^T$ (=KCTC 18075P^T,=KCCM 80006^T$.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.95-108
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• 2006

The digital contents expand into software source code and maintenance of technology and IPR about source code have a very important meaning to international competition, The recognition about software security is very low specially among these Intellectual Property Rights. On occurring disputation property, we have to prove the fact, there is a problem to discriminate the original source code, Also, it is hard to accurate decision that is correct to complexity and the lack of read and understand ability even if software is reproduced. In this paper, we don't enforce distinction about software reproduction by one individual code unit. And we developed digital license prototype of XML that can distinguish reproduction based on structural conformability of whole source codes. Software has Context Free Grammar in structure and presents BNF notation type, it is apt to present hierarchical structure. Then, we can express architecture of software source code by hierarchical structure to discriminate structural conformability. In this paper, we make a study of the digital licence prototype for discriminate the original source code. Reserved words of software source code by parsing express to XML file that have hierarchical structure. Then, we can express architecture of software source code by tree structure form instead of complex source code.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.41-47
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• 2011

Processing of the raw LiDAR data requires the high-end processor, because data form is a vector. In contrast, if LiDAR data is converted into a regular grid pattern by filltering, that has advantage of being in a low-cost equipment, because of the simple structure and faster processing speed. Especially, by using grid data classification, such as Quadtree, some of trees and cars are removed, so it has advantage of modeling. Therefore, this study presents the algorithm for automatic extraction of ground points using Quadtree and refion growing method from LiDAR data. In addition, Error analysis was performed based on the 1:5000 digital map of sample area to analyze the classification of ground points. In a result, the ground classification accuracy is over 98%. So it has the advantage of extracting the ground points. In addition, non-ground points, such as cars and tree, are effectively removed as using Quadtree and region growing method.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2010

Recently, 3D-reconstruction for geographic information and study of geospatial information is progressing in various fields through national policy such as R&D business and pilot project. LiDAR system has a advantage of acquisition the 3D information data easily and densely so that is used in many different fields. Considering to characterist of the point data formed with 3D, it need a high specification CPU because it requires a number of processing operation for 2D form expressed by monitor. In contrast, 2D grid structure, like DEM, has a advantage on costs because of simple structure and processing speed. Therefore, purpose of this study is to solve the problem of requirement of more storage space, when LiDAR data stored in forms of 3D is used for 3D-geographic and 3D-buliding representation. Additionally, This study reconstitutes 2D-gird data to supply the representation data of 3D-geographic and presents the storage method which is available for detailed representation applying tree-structure and reduces the storage space.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.475-488
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• 2015

Economic activity and social participation by women has recently increased; however, working mothers raising young children are under new stress due to the simultaneous combination of job and parenting responsibilities. This stress has resulted in social problems of career break and low fertility. This study investigates the effect of clinical art therapy on occupational stress and parenting stress of working mothers. We analyzed 34 working mothers in full-time employment (over 8 hours a day) who have preschool children (0-6 years old). They were divided into 17 subjects in the experimental group and 17 subjects in the control group. For the experimental group, 10 hours and a half sessions of group art therapy were participated in once a week from April to August in 2014. We perform Dan Occupational Stress Index by Ivancevich and Matteson, Parenting Stress Index/Short Form and salivary cortisol test before and after the group art therapy. For qualitative analysis, Kinetic House-Tree-Person (KHTP) drawing test was used. Using SPSS ver. 19.0, paired t -test or Wilcoxon signed rank test compared the pre and post analysis results. The results of this study are as follows. First, scores of 'occupational stress factor' subpart showed significant improvement in the Occupational Stress Index after the clinical art therapy. Second, scores of 'parental distress,' 'parent-child dysfunctional interaction,' and 'difficult child' subpart in Parenting Stress Index also showed a significant improvement. Third, a positive change was observed after the clinical art therapy in the KHTP drawing test. In conclusion, this study suggests that the clinical art therapy can be effective for occupational stress factors and the parenting stress of working mothers.