• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 1979

The author surveyed traumatized anterior teeth of 12~17 year old 9453(male 4740, female 4713) school students. The results were as follows: 1. The prevalence of traumatized anterior teeth was $10.3{\pm}0.6%$. 2. The prevalence of traumatized anterior teeth of male was $12.2{\pm}0.9%$, and that of female was $8.4{\pm}0.8%$. The prevalence of male was higher than that of female. 3. The distribution of traumatized teeth by severity was as follows: Class I-65.3%, Class II-20.7%, Class III-8.2%, Missing teeth-5.4%, Others-0.4%. 4. Maxillary central incisors had the highest trauma frequence. 5. Single fractures were found to occur more commonly than multiple fractures. 6. The percentage of treated person was 5.1%. 7. 72.3% of the sample was not affected by the traumatized anterior teeth, and 27.7% of the sample thought the traumatized anterior teeth ugly.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.214-221
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• 1992

The five different types of bacteria, Bacteroides, Actinomyces, Capnocytophaga, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium which had frequently been recovered in infected canals, were investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the bacteriologic status in the traumatized nonvital teeth, and to investigate the effects of bacteria on the size of the le8ion and on the discoloration of teeth. The canal contents of sxiteen traumatized nonvital teeth were sampled and cultured aerobically and anaerobically for growth in five selective agar plates for five bacterial species. The sizes of the radiolucent areas in periapical films were measured and according to the sizes, the samples were divided into two groups. The discoloration of the teeth was checked and according to the existence of the discoloration, the samples were divided into two groups, also. The difference of bacterial colonial numbers in each group was investigated and the following results were obtained. 1. In traumatized nonvital teeth, all of the samples gave bacterial growth except one case. 2. Streptococcus was isolated in four cases but Bacteroides, Actinomyces, Fusobacterium and Capnocytophaga were not isolated. 3. The number of bacterial colonies was not found to be related the size of the lesion periapical films. 4. The number of bacterial colonies was not found to be related the discoloration of teeth.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2012

Patients with diabetes mellitus show delayed wound healing and increased susceptibility to infection. Therefore, the effects of diabetes on pulpal and periodontal healing should be taken into consideration when treating diabetic dental traumatized patients. This case presents the treatment for dental traumatized 20 yr old female with uncontrolled type II diabetes. The traumatized upper central incisors had showed pulpal healing in early days. However, 7 mon after the trauma, the teeth had been diagnosed with pulp necrosis with apical abscess. Eventually, non surgical root canal treatment on the teeth had been performed.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.310-316
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• 1999

In the traumatized teeth, the major complications are pulp necrosis, and root resorption. The factors influencing to prognosis are the state of root development, type of injuries, quality of fixation. There are good prognosis in the case of immature teeth, minor luxation injuries. To minimize of occurrence of these complication, it is very important to determine the pulp vitality. This can help us decide whether or not to treat the teeth endodontically. But, it is difficult to determine of pulp vitality in immature teeth or traumatized teeth. In this case, pulp vitality test was done periodically on the traumatized upper central incisors, and the results were different among cold test, electric pulp test, and laser Doppler flowmetry. The conclusions were obtained from this case can be summarized as follows; 1. Pulp vitality of traumatized teeth should be negative early, but with time going, pulp vitality could be recovered. 2. The positive response of pulp vitality test was detected earlier in laser Doppler flowmetry. 3. Between cold test and electric pulp test, cold test was more reliable in determining pulp vitality.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.496-503
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• 1994

Three cases of treated permanenet teeth are presented. A horizontal root fracture was treated by endodontic treatment in which coronal segment only was done. A replanted incisor is ankylosed because of false restorative method and long extraoral period. Resorption of traumatized bone can be seen in the third case. The prognosis of traumatized incisor depends on proper restoration, adequate amergency treatment and periodic follow-up check.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.178-181
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• 2013

Traumatic injuries to an immature permanent tooth may result in cessation of dentin deposition and root maturation. Endodontic treatment is often complicated in premature tooth with an uncertain prognosis. This article describes successful treatment of two traumatized maxillary central incisors with complicated crown fracture three months after trauma. The radiographic examination showed immature roots in maxillary central incisors of a 9-year-old boy with a radiolucent lesion adjacent to the right central incisor. Apexogenesis was performed for the left central incisor and revascularization treatment was considered for the right one. In 18-month clinical and radiographic follow-up both teeth were asymptomatic, roots continued to develop, and periapical radiolucency of the right central incisor healed. Considering the root development of these contralateral teeth it can be concluded that revascularization is an appropriate treatment method in immature necrotic teeth.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.34 no.4 s.323
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• pp.284-287
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• 1996

• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.637-637
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• 2007

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.213-218
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• 2020

The loosely structured periodontal ligament and low mineralized bone surrounding erupting teeth provide minimal resistance to an extrusive force. The maxillary central incisors are the most frequently avulsed due to trauma. The prognosis of replanted teeth is affected by extra-alveolar period and conditions. Implant-supported restorations are contraindicated in adolescent patients with poor prognosis traumatized teeth. Autotransplantation of premolar to the anterior region provides a viable treatment alternative. This case report describes the autotransplantation of premolars and esthetic rehabilitation in a teenage patient with traumatized incisors, poor oral hygiene, and severe crowding. Comprehensive and long-term treatments were performed to improve complex and challenging oral problems.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 1990

This study was to evaluate the nature of traumatic injuries on anterior teeth of 530 patients and the prognosis of stabilized cases of 102 patients, including possible 18-follow up cases among them, treated at Dental Hospital, Yonsei Medical Center from Mar. 1983 to Feb. 1988. The obtained results were as follows. 1. The peak of monthly distribution of trauma to the anteriors was June and was the lowest in November. The ratio of male to female was 2.6 : 1. The most common incidence of the trauma to the anteriors was seen in the 3rd decades. The most chiefly involved teeth were central incisors in both upper and lower jaws. The causes of trauma were as followed in descending order by first blows, traffic accidents, falls, slip downs, and sports. The types of traumatic injuries of anterior teeth consisted of periodontal tissue injuries(55.9%), the injuries to the hard dental tissues and pulp(31.3%), and alveolar bone injuries(12.8%). 2. 35.1% stabilized anteriors were treated with root canal therapy. The success rate of stabilization was 95.3%, and 92.3% in replantation of avulsed teeth. 3. External root resorption, internal root resorption with calcification of pulp chamber or root canal, ankylosis of root, and other periapical pathosis were seen in follow-up radiographic findings. 4. Success rate of stabilization of the traumatized anteriors after 3 years showed 71.4% average.