• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.161-176
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• 2013

This research analyzed Raise Capital type and Investment Efficiency for non-profit hospitals in Korea. 152 cases of financial information from 2007 to 2010 were utilized for analysis. As a result of analysis, Raise Capital for Borrowings to total assets was primarily used, taking around 40% on average, and the method of Raise Capital with significant difference among Medical Institutions was Liabilities in Excluded Borrowings to Total Assets and Capital Stock & Capital Reserves to Total Assets. Besides, the relation between Invested capital and Investment efficiency was opposite each other in the non-profit hospitals, and Region was an important element influencing over Productivity per Value Added. In addition, in the investment activity of non-profit hospitals in the light of Investment Efficiency, only hospitals among Medical Institution types had a character of Capital Intensive, and General Hospital and Geriatric & Long-term Medical Care Hospital among Medical Institution types showed a character of Labor Intensive in the light of Performance.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 1999

Leakage vortices formed new blade tip causes an increase of total pressure loss near the casing endwall region and as a result, the efficiency of rotor decreases. The reduction of rotor efficiency is related to the size of the tip clearance. In this study, the three-dimensional flowfields in an axial flow rotor were calculated by varying the tip clearance under various flow rates, and the numerical results were compared with experimental ones. The effects of tip clearance and attack angle on the leakage vortex and overall performance, and the loss distributions were investigated through numerical calculations. In this study, tip leakage flow rate and total pressure loss by tip clearance were evaluated using numerical results and approximate equations were presented to evaluate the reduction of rotor efficiency by tip leakage flow.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1-3
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• 2002

This study was to evaluate on the removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and phosphorus in municipal wastewater at MUNR process using sludge carbon source for environmental micro-organism. The removal efficiencies of total suspended solid were 85.9~91％, total nitrogen were 38.6~87.2％ and total phosphorus were 30.8~39.0％, respectively. It was shown that removal efficiency of nitrogen was effectively influenced by sludge carbon source treated with ultrasonication. The removal efficiency of total phosphorus was low because the sludge was not wasted during this treatment.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

As all the other managerial activities, total quality management (TQM) has also inputs into and outputs from the process. Therefore, the principal managerial efficiency criteria of maximum outputs with minimum inputs should be applied to TQM. In this paper, the methodology for the performance evaluation of TQM by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was proposed. DEA is used to measure the efficiency of TQM for each firm with the input and output data obtained by questionnaire. It is found that there are not significant differences between the firms with and without IS09000 certification and between the large and small-sized firms with respect to the TQM efficiency.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2003년도 제20회 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.123-126
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• 2003

실험에서 측정변수에 발생되는 불확도가 터빈 전효율의 불확도에 미치는 영향을 실험을 통하여 분석하였다. 단단 축류형 3차원 터빈이 실험에 사용되었으며 평균반경에서 반동도가 0.373이며 상온 저압 상태에서 실험이 수행되었다. 입구/출구전압력에 의하여 발생되는 불확도는 터빈 전효율의 불확도로 전파되는 영향이 상당히 크게 나타나므로 상온저압시험에서는 높은 정밀도를 갖는 압력계가 필요하게 된다. 측정변수의 불확도가 전효율의 불확도에 차지하는 영향은 토오크에 의하여 발생되는 불확도가 가장 크게 나타났으며 회전수에 의한 불확도가 가장 적었다. 토오크의 불확도 영향은 회전수의 증가에 따라 증가하는 경향이 있다. 전압력의 경우는 출구측에서의 불확도가 입구측에 비하여 영향력이 크게 나타났다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.100-107
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• 1998

To evaluate the total quality activities is the most fundamental and critical process as one of the PDCA cycle. The quality award criteria such as Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award and Deming Award can be a, pp.ied to the guideline for evaluating quality activities. We can identify several important factors for TQM by referring quality award criteria, but they don't suggest how efficiently implement TQM. In this paper, two methodologies are a, pp.ied to evaluate the TQM activities comparatively. One of them is the traditional scoring system (TSS) by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). TSS is the system which evaluates the performance of TQM by the weighted sum of critical success factors. Several quality award system are typical examples of TSS. The other is the efficiency measuring system (EMS) by data envelop analysis (DEA). DEA outperformed other alternative methods to measure the efficiency and it can be a, pp.ied to evaluate the TQM activities. The evaluation system by DEA can be named as EMS. The objective of this paper is to suggest a model called TAE (Total quality management Activities Evaluation), for evaluating TQM activities. In this model TQM organizations are classified into four types by considering TSS and EMS. Those types are high weighted sum and high efficiency type, high weighted sum and low efficiency type, low weighted sum and high efficiency type, and low weighted sum and low efficiency type. Therefore TQM organizations must not only make efforts to get the higher scores in terms of TSS, but also take necessary steps to enhance their efficiencies.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.595-626
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 투입물 효율함수를 이용하여 한국농가의 소득계층을 대상으로 기술효율, 환경효율, 규모효율을 측정하고, Tobit 모형으로 그 결정요인을 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구는 비모수적(nonparametric) 방법에 의존하여 재화의 가격이나 최적화 행동에 관한 가정없이 투입요소와 산출량에 의존하여 기술효율을 계측한다. 생산기술은 바람직한 재화와 바람직하지 못한 오염물의 결합생산을 모형화한다. 규모불변과 강처분 하에서 평균 기술효율 수준은 0.437 이었다. 기술비효율의 원인은 순수기술비효율이 47.7%, 규모비효율은 11.3%, 환경비효율 3.2%의 순이다. 규모체증 상태에서 생산농가는 전체농가의 70%를 점유하고 규모체감 상태에서 생산농기는 전체농가의 27%에 이른다. 효율성을 결정하는 요인으로 소득계층이 높을수록 중장기 부채가 높을수록 단위면적당 질소배출량이 높을수록 기술효율은 높았고, 경지면적당 농업경영비가 높을수록 기술효율은 저하되었다. 환경효율에서는 BOD 배출량, 단위면적당 기계도입, 자본의 생산성 유의적이고 음(-)으로 나타나, 청정기술이 아닌 단순한 기계화의 확대는 환경효율을 악화시키는데 영향을 주고 있음을 시사한다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.689-698
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• 2004

Uncertainties generated from the individual measured variables have an influence on the uncertainty of the experimental result through a data reduction equation. In this study, a performance test of a single stage axial type turbine is conducted, and total-to-total efficiencies are measured at the various off-design points In the low pressure and cold state. Based on an experimental apparatus, a data reduction equation for turbine efficiency is formulated and six measured variables are selected. Codes are written to calculate the efficiency, the uncertainty of the efficiency, and the sensitivity of the efficiency uncertainty by each of the measured quantities. The influence of each measured variable on the experimental result is figured out. Results show that the largest uncertainty magnification factor (UMF) value is obtained by the inlet total pressure among the six measured variables, and its value is always greater than one. The UMF values of the inlet total temperature, the torque, and the RPM are always one. The uncertainty percentage contribution (UPC) of the RPM shows th, lowest influence on the uncertainty of the turbine efficiency, but the UPC of the torque has the largest influence to the result among the measured variables. These results are applied to find the correct direction for meeting an uncertainty requirement of the experimental result in the planning or development Phase of experiment, and also to offer ideas for preparing a measurement system in the planning phase.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.171-184
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper is output oriented, in order to maximize the output level of sustainable development efficiency of foreign trade in western China with limited input. This paper adopts the relevant input-output indicators of sustainable foreign trade development of 11 provinces and cities in western China from 2016 to 2020, and uses DEA model to measure their technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Malmquist index was used to calculate the total factor productivity change index of each province in western China from 2016 to 2020. We found that, on the whole, the average values of technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of provinces and cities in western China from 2016 to 2020 are greater than 0.8, indicating that the western region has high technical efficiency, relatively high management and institutional level and high existing scale level. Scale efficiency is lower than pure technical efficiency on the whole, indicating that the current sustainable development efficiency of foreign trade in western China is mainly limited by its scale level. The technological progress index is higher than the technological efficiency change index, indicating that the total factor productivity of the sustainable development of foreign trade in western China is mainly driven by technological progress and more influenced by external factors. We think the conclusion of this study can provide important reference information for the sustainable development of foreign trade of provinces and cities in western China.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.807-812
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• 2013

The energy budget of the larvae of pandalid shrimp, Pandalopsis japonica, reared in the laboratory from zoea to post-larva was investigated. Energy used during the growth of the shrimp larvae was calculated daily for feeding, growth, molting, and metabolism. The total energy used was 16.2 J for the entire larval stage. Molting energy loss was estimated at a total 1.03 J. Energy used for respiration was estimated at a total of 1.85 J. The intake energy by feeding reached a total of 77.69 J. The total sum of energies used by excretion and egestion was 58.61 J. Larvae assimilated 24.57% of ingested food and used 84.91% for somatic growth. The gross growth efficiency ($K_1$) was 22.19% for the entire larval stage, and the net growth efficiency ($K_2$) was 90.31%. Maintenance costs were estimated at 9.69% of assimilated energy for the entire larval stage.