• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2000

Using the modified DEM (Distinct Element Model), which we proposed, the effect of cross section of tire lug on the tire performance was simulated. Though the DEM has an advantage over the FEM when it is applied to simulate the behavior of discrete assembly of particles such as soil, there was still a problem in the case of conventional DEM, that the simulated movement of particles was too free. We constructed a new mechanical model (modified DEM) which can take account of the effect of adhesion between particles. It is shown that the soil deformation is simulated by the modified DEM better than the conventional DEM. Comparing the simulated soil reaction to the tire lug with the experimental results, the adequate DEM parameters were found. It is also indicated possible to find the effect of lug cross section shape on the tractive performance of tire by the DEM simulation.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2000

Effects on tractive performance of design parameters of cage wheel as a traction aid to driving tires of tractor in wet paddy field were investigated experimentally. an experimental cage wheel was designed so that the design parameters such as wheel diameter, wheel width, lug pitch and lug angle could be varied during traction test, The traction test was conducted in two different types of wet paddy field ; shallow and deep harpan fields . Experimental results showed that tractive performance is affected by both soil conditions and the design parameters. A considerable improvement on the tractive performance was obtained by using a cage wheel with 45$^{\circ}$ lug angle in shallow hardpan and smaller lug pitch in deep hardpan. The diameter of cage wheel was mostly influential to the tractive performance both in shallow and deep hardpans.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.68-73
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• 2005

Tire manufactures have dealt with noise problem by varying the pitch of the tread. The various formulas for the variations are generally determined differently, however. Often these variations are based on a combination of trial and error, intuition, and economics. Some manufactures have models and analogs to test tread patterns and their variations. These efforts, however practical, do not determine the best variation beforehand or guarantee the best results. For this reason it was felt that a general mathematical approach fur determining the best variation was needed. Moreover, the method should be completely general, easy to use, and sufficiently accurate. This paper discusses a mathematical method called Mechanical Frequency Modulation(MFM) which meets the above requirements. Thus, MFM pertains to computing an irregular time sequence of events so that the resulting excitation spectrum is shaped to a preferred form. The first part of this paper treats the theoretical basis for computing an optimum variation ; the second part discusses experimental results and simulation program which corroborate the theory.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

Interactions between cage wheel and soil under the wet paddy field condition were analyzed. The cage wheel as a traction aid to driving tires of tractor was attached to the outside of the tires. The driving torque transmitted only to the cage wheel was measured and its effect on the total driving torque by both the tires and cage wheel was analyzed. Mathematical models were developed to predict the soil thrusts y a single lug and by the cage wheel with many lugs, respectively. Experimental results showed that as the diameter of cage wheel increased, positive effects of the cage wheel on the traction also increased. About 33-40% of the total traction force was obtained by the cage wheel with a diameter 1,182mm and 49-55% with a diameter 1,222mm. The peak thrust of the single lug of cage wheel increased by 31% and 59%, respectively when the diameter of the cage wheel increased from 1,182mm to 1,222mm and 1,262mm. The thrust by the cage wheel was estimated by using the developed mathematical models and the results were proved that the models are reliable for the estimation of the traction by the cage wheels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.77-84
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• 2011

Tire manufactures have dealt with noise problem by varying the pitch of the tread. The various formulas for the variations are generally determined differently, however. Often these variations are based on a combination of trial and error, intuition, and economics. Some manufactures have models and analogs to test tread patterns and their variations. These efforts, however practical, do not determine the best variation beforehand or guarantee the best results. For this reason it was felt that a general mathematical approach for determining the best variation was needed. Moreover, the method should be completely general, easy to use, and sufficiently accurate. This paper discusses a mathematical method called Mechanical Frequency Modulation(MFM) which meets the above requirements. Thus, MFM pertains to computing an irregular time sequence of events so that the resulting excitation spectrum is shaped to a preferred form. The first part of this paper treats the theoretical basis for computing an optimum variation ; the second part discusses experimental results and simulation program which corroborate the theory.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.117-123
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• 2000

Using the modified DEM (Discrete Element Method), which we proposed in order to improve the accuracy of the simulation, soil behavior and reaction by lugs of rotating wheel and a soil cutting process by a high speed blade were calculated and compared with experimental data. The DEM is one of computational mechanics, where the object body is supposed as an assembly of small particles called elements and not a continuum as in the case of FEM. We can easily treat some discrete phenomena such as cracking, separating and sliding by the DEM. We had to modify the original mechanical model, which induced too free movement of elements, adding a tension spring, which would display the role of soil adhesion. The results of DEM simulations were successful from both the soil behavior and reaction points of view.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.2925-2933
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• 1973

For the efficient utilization of farm machines on the inclined uqland, work performance in plowing, harrowing and terracing and critical workable gradients were tested on three farm machines which are 47 ps-farm tractor, 8 ps-power tiller and 5 ps-power tiller. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1) The steeper the slope of the upland was the more inefficient the work performance of all machines was. 2) The critical workable gradients of the machines were proved as 14 for 47 ps-farm tractor, 12 for 8 ps-power tiller and 10 for 5ps-power tiller. 3) Plowing in the way of turning the furrow slices against the slope in order to build up terraces, the critical workable gradients were 8 for 47 ps-farm tractor and 8 ps-power tiller and 6 for 5 ps-power tiller. 4) Two-way plow is recommended for plowing with farm tractor on inclined upland, and high lug of tire would be good to prevent the slippage, and side valance-weight should be attached to power tiller for preventing its overturning.