• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.123-127
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• 2015

Thermochemical heat storage is a cutting-edge technology which can balance the energy usage between supplies and demands. Recent studies have suggested that thermochemical heat storage has significant advantages, compared to other storage methods such as latent heat storage or sensible heat storage. Nevertheless, ongoing research and development studies showed that the thermochemical heat storage has some serious problems. To bring the thermochemical heat storage method into market, we introduce experimental setup with composite material using perlite that supports calcium chloride sorbent. Also, to compare thermal properties with composite material, we used pure thermochemical material. Then, we found that the composite material has higher heat storage density by mass than pure calcium chloride. Moreover, it can be easily regenerated, which was impossible in the pure thermochemical materials.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.429-436
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• 2017

There are three main methods to store heat energy; sensible heat storage, latent heat storage, and thermochemical heat storage. Thermochemical heat storage has the highest storage density among the three methods, so this study focused on the thermochemical heat storage method. Experiments were conducted in this study with Zeolite 13x as thermochemical material in a large-scale reactor with 8 kg of Zeolite 13x. Experiments analyzed storage density of Zeolite 13x with respect to four different heating temperatures ($50^{\circ}C$, $100^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$) in heat storage process. As a result, they showed 40~50 percent of storage efficiency in the experiment. Experiments also revealed that reactions between Zeolite 13x and water vapor were reversible and stable, but efficiency of the system was low, compared with sensible heat storage systems or latent heat storage systems.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.214-220
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• 2019

Thermochemical cycles have been predominantly used for energy transformation from heat to stored chemical free energy in the form of hydrogen. The thermochemical cycle based on uranium (UTC), proposed by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, has been considered as a better alternative compared to other thermochemical cycles mainly due to its safety and high efficiency. UTC process includes three steps, in which only the first step is unique. Hydrogen production apparatus with hectogram reactants was designed in this study. The results showed that high yield hydrogen was obtained, which was determined by drainage method. The results also indicated that the chemical conversion rate of hydrogen production was in direct proportion to the mass of $Na_2CO_3$, while the solid product was $Na_2UO_4$, instead of $Na_2U_2O_7$. Nevertheless the thermochemical cycle used for hydrogen generation can be closed, and chemical compounds used in these processes can also be recycled. So the cycle with $Na_2UO_4$ as its first reaction product has an advantage over the proposed UTC process, attributed to the fast reaction rate and high hydrogen yield in the first reaction step.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1990

A search program which use only free energies of formation has been developed to find new thermochemical cycles as means of producing hydrogen and oxygen from water. The searching procedures are described and some closed thermochemical cycles from this program are presented here.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.37-40
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• 2014

Capturing the carbon dioxide emitted from coal-fired power plants will be necessary if targeted reduction in carbon emissions is to be achieved. Modelling and simulation are the base for optimal operation and control in thermal power plant and also play an important role in energy savings. This study aims to analyze the performance of supercritical coal fired power plant through steady and dynamic simulation using a commercial software gCCS. A whole power plant has been modeled and validated with design data of 500 MWe power plant, base and part load operations of the plant were also evaluated, consequently it had been proven that the simulated result had a good agreement with actual operating data. In addition, the effect of co-firng on the plant efficiency and flue gases were investigated using gCCS simulator.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.425-433
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• 2006

Sepiolite was selected as a mineral carbonation candidate ore for carbon dioxide sequestration. Carbonation salt formation from alkaline earth metal ingredient needs to dehydroxylation of sepiolite at high temperature. An evident dehydroxylation was observed over $800^{\circ}C$ and the variations of sepiolite characteristics after high temperature treatment was synthetically evaluated. Remarkable weight loss were measured after high temperature thermochemical reaction then crystallographic and spectroscopic changes were analyzed. The resulted alkaline earth metal oxides could explained by dehydroxylation based on thermochemical reaction.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 2017

Recent modeling of thermal nonequilibrium processes in simple molecules like hydrogen and nitrogen has indicated that rotational nonequilibrium becomes as important as vibrational nonequilibrium at high temperatures. In the present work, in order to analyze rovibrational nonequilibrium, the rotational mode is separated from the translational-rotational mode that is usually considered as an equilibrium mode in two- and multi-temperature models. Then, the translational, rotational, and electron-electronic-vibrational modes are considered separately in describing the thermochemical nonequilibrium of nitrogen behind a strong normal shock wave. The energy transfer for each energy mode is described by recently evaluated relaxation time parameters including the rotational-to-vibrational energy transfer. One-dimensional post-normal shock flow equations are constructed with these thermochemical models, and post-normal shock flow calculations are performed for the conditions of existing shock-tube experiments. In comparisons with the experimental measurements, it is shown that the present thermochemical model is able to describe the rotational and electron-electronic-vibrational relaxation processes of nitrogen behind a strong shock wave.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.30-34
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• 2012

The SI thermochemical cycle process accomplishes water splitting through distinctive three chemical reactions. We focused on thermodynamic models applicable to the process. Recently, remarkable models based on the assumed ionic species have been developed to describe highly nonideal behavior on the liquid phase reactions. ElecNRTL models with ionic reactions were proposed in order to provide reliable process simulation results for phase equilibrium calculations in Section II and III. In this study, the current thermodynamic models of SI thermochemical cycle process were briefly described and the calculation results of the applied ElecNRTL models for phase equilibrium calculations were illustrated for binary systems.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.113-119
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• 2012

The two-step water splitting thermochemical cycle is composed of the T-R (Thermal Reduction) and W-D (Water Decomposition) steps. The mechanism of this cycle is oxidation-reduction, which produces hydrogen. The reaction temperature necessary for this thermochemical cycle can be achieved by a dish-type solar thermal collector (Inha University, Korea). The purpose of this study is to validate a water splitting device in the field. The device is studied and fabricated by Kodama et al (2010, 2011). The validation results show that the foam device, when loaded with $CeO_2$ powder, was successfully achieved hydrogen production under field conditions. Through this experiment, we can analyze the characteristics of the catalyst and able to determine which is more advantageous thing to produce hydrogen compared with previous experiment that used ferrite-device.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.15 no.2 s.46
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• pp.107-117
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• 2006

The status of water splitting thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production was reviewed in this article. Mass production of hydrogen could be possible using the thermochemical process which is similar to the concept of conventional chemical reaction system if the high temperature heat source is available. The mediators (chemicals and reagents) should be used to split chemically stable water, and should be recycled in a closed cycle in order to be environmentally acceptable. Though there is no process to reach commercial stage, IS cycle, two-step cycles based on metallic oxide such as ZnO/Zn, $Fe_3O_4/FeO$ and the associated cycles are attracted due to their possibilities of application. Development of materials for high temperature and/or corrosive conditions during thermochemical process is still important topic in some thermochemical processes.