• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 1993년도 추계학술강연 및 발표대회강연 및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.2-2
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• 1993

The present status of the thennomechanica1 evaluation of functionally gradient materials(FGMs) for space plane application was reviewed, in which research activities and the cooperation of the national project team organized to study FGM science were demonstrated. The project team was divided into three working groups; de singing, processing and evaluation, each of which had their own tasks in the project cooperation. The testings details of the various thennomechanical tests for the FGM samples fabricated by the processing groups were described, along with their corresponding heating conditions of the real environments in the space plane application. For small-sized samples, laser beam heating test and burner heating test were well applied to study the heat shielding and heat resisting properties. Arc-heated wind tunnel test and high temperature!high velocity gas flow test were used for large-sized panel assemblies having cooling structures. The criteria for the evaluation of the heat shielding and heat resisting properties of the FGMs, as well as a crack activation mechanism in their differential temperature heating, were proposed on the basis of the observation in the burner heating test.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.187-200
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• 2024

This study focuses on wave propagation analysis in the curved nanobeam exposed to different thermal loadings based on the Nonlocal Strain Gradient Theory (NSGT). Mechanical properties of the constitutive materials are assumed to be temperature-dependent and functionally graded. For modeling, the governing equations are derived using Hamilton's principle. Using the proposed model, the effects of small-scale, geometrical, and thermo-mechanical parameters on the dynamic behavior of the curved nanobeam are studied. A small-scale parameter, Z, is taken into account that collectively represents the strain gradient and the nonlocal parameters. When Z<1 or Z>1, the phase velocity decreases/increases, and the stiffness-softening/hardening phenomenon occurs in the curved nanobeam. Accordingly, the phase velocity depends more on the strain gradient parameter rather than the nonlocal parameter. As the arc angle increases, more variations in the phase velocity emerge in small wavenumbers. Furthermore, an increase of ∆T causes a decrease in the phase velocity, mostly in the case of uniform temperature rise rather than heat conduction. For verification, the results are compared with those available for the straight nanobeam in the previous studies. It is believed that the findings will be helpful for different applications of curved nanostructures used in nano-devices.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.659-668
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• 1995

Zirconium carbide was prepared from the mixture of metal zirconium and carbon powders in argon atmosphere by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) in order to obtain the best carbon source and dilution contents. The most exellent result was obtained in the case that active carbon was added as a starting material, 20~30 wt% dilution content. From thermal profile analysis an apparent activation energy of 118 KJ/mol was calculated. The maximum heating rate achieved during 15 wt% ZrC reaction by product dilution method was approximately 1.54$\times$105 K/s. Coupling this value with the measured wave velocity of 1.026cm/s yielded a maximum thermal gradient fo $1.5\times$105 K/cm. Using the definition of t* and the measured wave velocity, the effective thermal diffusivity, $\alpha$, was calculated to be 0.62$\times$102 $\textrm{cm}^2$/s.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.485-501
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• 2015

Cooling by the flow of water through an embedded cooling pipe has become a common and effective artificial thermal control measure for massive concrete structures. However, an extreme thermal gradient induces significant thermal stress, resulting in thermal cracking. Using a mesoscopic finite-element (FE) mesh, three-phase composites of concrete namely aggregate, mortar matrix and interfacial transition zone (ITZ) are modeled. An equivalent probabilistic model is presented for failure study of concrete by assuming that the material properties conform to the Weibull distribution law. Meanwhile, the correlation coefficient introduced by the statistical method is incorporated into the Weibull distribution formula. Subsequently, a series of numerical analyses are used for investigating the influence of the correlation coefficient on tensile strength and the failure process of concrete based on the equivalent probabilistic model. Finally, as an engineering application, damage and failure behavior of concrete cracks induced by a water-cooling pipe are analyzed in-depth by the presented model. Results show that the random distribution of concrete mechanical parameters and the temperature gradient near water-cooling pipe have a significant influence on the pattern and failure progress of temperature-induced micro-cracking in concrete.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.1027-1035
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• 2005

Thermophoresis in dense gases is studied by using a multi-scale approach and Born- Yvon­Green (BYG) equation. The problem of a particle movement in an ambient dense gas under temperature gradient is divided into inter and outer ones. The pressure gradient in the inner region is obtained from the solutions of BYG equation. The velocity profile is derived from the conservation equations and calculated using the pressure gradient, which provides the particle velocity in the outer problem. It is shown that the temperature gradient applied to the quiescent ambient gas induces some pressure gradient and thus flow tangential to the particle surface in the interfacial region. The mechanism that induces the flow may be the dominant source of the thermophretic particle movement in dense gases. It is also shown that the particle velocity has a nonlinear relationship with the applied temperature gradient and decreases with increasing temperature.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.248-255
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• 2020

경사화 두께를 갖는 열차폐 코팅의 열적 내구성과 열적 안정성에 대한 코팅층 두께의 영향을 화염 열피로 시험과 열충격 시험을 통해서 조사하였다. Bond 층과 top 층은 각각 Ni-Cr계 상용 MCrAlY 분말과 상용 이트리아 안정화 지르코니아 (YSZ) 분말을 사용하여 니켈기지의 초내열합금 모재 (GTD-111)에 대기 플라즈마 용사법 (APS)으로 코팅층을 형성하였다. 1100 ℃의 화염으로 1429회 열피로 시험 후 bond 층이 일부 산화되고 top 층과 bond 층 계면에서 열화에 의한 산화층 (TGO)이 관찰되었으나, 코팅층 부위와 관계없이 균열이나 박리현상 없는 양호한 미세구조를 나타내었다. 1100 ℃ 열충격 시험결과, 37회 열충격 테스트 후 코팅층의 얇은 부위에서 박리가 시작되어 98회 시험 후 코팅층의 50% 이상이 박리되었으며, 코팅층의 두께가 얇게 형성된 부위는 코팅층이 두껍게 형성된 부위에 비해, top 층의 박리와 함께 bond 층의 산화가 많이 진행되었으며, 코팅층 두께가 상대적으로 두껍게 형성된 부위에서 열차폐 효과의 증가로 인해 bond 층의 내산화성과 열적 안정성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2016

In this study, different proportions of glass beads used for road marking were added into the concrete samples to reduce the temperature gradient through the concrete pavement thickness. It is well known that decreasing the temperature gradient reduces the risk of thermal cracking and increases the service life of concrete pavement. The extent of alkali-silica reaction (ASR) produced with partial replacement of fine aggregate by glass bead was investigated and compressive strength of concrete samples with different proportion of glass bead in their mix designs were measured in this study. Ideal results were obtained with less than 0.850 mm diameter size glass beads were used (19 % by total weight of aggregate) for C30/37 class concrete. Top and bottom surface temperatures of two different C30/37 strength class concrete slabs with and without glass beads were measured. It was identified that, using glass bead in concrete mix design, reduces the temperature differences between top and bottom surfaces of concrete pavement. The study presented herein provides important results on the necessity of regulating concrete road mix design specifications according to regions and climates to reduce the temperature gradient values which are very important in concrete road design.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.3046-3056
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• 1994

To design and develop a turbocharged engine, it needs that many studies must be preceded about the characteristics of engine performance and thermal flow. To accomplish this purpose, turbocharger was equipped to 1.3 liter naturally aspirated gasoline engine. The temperature probe of plate type was designed and it was installed into the combustion chamber wall to measure unsteady temperature. The unsteady heat flux at combustion chamber wall was evaluated using one dimensional unsteady conduction equation with the wall temperature and temperature gradient.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.36-46
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• 2001

Finite element analyses of the ceramic drying process are performed. The heat and moisture movements in green ceramics caused by temperature gradient, moisture gradient, conduction, convection and evaporation are considered. The finite element formulation for solving the temperature and moisture distributions which not only change the volume but also induce the hygro-thermal stress is carried out. In order to verify the formulation, the drying process of a ceramic electric insulator is simulated. Temperature distribution, moisture distribution, and hygro-thermal stress are compared with those of other researcher. Good agreements are achieved.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1115-1122
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• 2000

This paper addresses an application of a fiber volume fraction gradients to reduce the interlaminar forces of fiber reinforced composites subjected to thermal loadings. The degree of the reduction in the interlaminar forces may be expressed by introducing a new parameter, so called, the interlaminar force parameter. Several cases of stacking sequences and models for fiber volume fraction gradients prove the availability of the new parameter which is defined in this study.