• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the sexual behavior and awareness of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among the elderly. Methods: Subjects were 599 elderly living in a metropolitan area who completed a structured questionnaire. Data collection was from September 6, 2011 to January 17, 2012. The data were analyzed by using percentage and ${\chi}^2$-test. Results: Approximately 25% of the subjects reported a sexual life. Age, gender, education, family type, presence and health of spouse, health state of the subject, past occupation, dwelling pattern, and economic state made statistically significant difference in sexual behavior. Fifty five percent of the respondents reported no knowledge of STD. Factors such as age, gender, education, presence of spouse, and past occupation were statistically significant in terms of awareness of STD. Conclusion: Age, education, and presence of spouse should be factored in to understand the sexuality of the elderly as well as to develop sexuality counseling programs that provide adequate information for each individual.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.656-667
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• 2005

Purpose: This study examined the mood state, activities of daily living, and attitude toward aging in the elderly according to the existence of a spouse and investigated the relation between these factors. Method: The subjects consisted of 190 elderly people, who were classified into two groups: those with and without a spouse. The data was collected from March to December 2004 using a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, mood states, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and an attitude toward aging scale. The collected data was analyzed using the program SPSS, including descriptive statistics, $x^2-test$, ANOVA, Scheff's test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Result: 1. There were significant differences between the two groups in mood state (t=-3.349, p=.001), anxiety-depression (t=-3.350, p=.001), and anger (t=p=.003) in the mood state subscales, and in attitude toward aging (t=2.514, p=.013). 2. There was a significant positive correlation between vigor and IADL (r=.253, p=.012) in the elderly with a spouse. 3. When there was a spouse, there was a significant difference according to gender (t=2.587, p=.012) in IADL. Without a spouse, there were significant differences in mood states according to education level (F=3.315, p=.023), in anxiety-depression according to the presence of illness (t=2.156, p=.033), in vigor according to age (F=3.439, p=.020) and education level (F=5.285, p=.002), and in IADL according to monthly income (F=3.322, p=.023) and the presence of illness (t=2.172, p=.032). Conclusion: An individualized approach is needed for elderly people that considers living arrangements and the existence of a spouse.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.77-91
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to find out the variables affecting the successful aging of the elderly. To achieve this purpose, a survey was conducted with 388 seniors living in the Jeonbuk area. The data were analyzed using multiple regressions and a path analysis. The major findings were as follows: First, statistically significantly different perception of successful aging was observed according to their marital status. Second, successful aging of the elderly with a spouse was influenced by personal variables, such as their own perception of economic status, gender, education level and physical condition. In contrast, successful aging of the elderly without a spouse was most influenced by social variables, such as family support. Third, the attitude towards aging directly affected successful aging. Various personal and social characteristics indirectly affected successful aging via attitudes towards aging according to the presence of a spouse.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.679-685
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• 2012

The population with massive waist circumference is increasing in comparison with that with obesity in entire bodies in Korea. It is assumed that prevalence of obesity is closely related with changes in marriage status such as divorce or separation by death, and age, educational background, diet habits and living environment depending on presence or absence of spouses. To identify whether there are relations between spouse, BMI and waist circumference under the conditions such as life cycle age, educational level, income, smoking, drinking and walking controlled, this study used data of national health and nutrition research organized by Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The subjects of the study were a total of 7,178: 3,043 men and 4,135 women whose ages were above 19 and married. As a result of controlling independent variables except a factor of spouse, there were no statistically significant relations between presence of spouse, waist circumference and BMI in men, but odds rate of waist circumference was lower, 0.78(95% CI 0.636-0.954) when the female subjects had no spouse than when they had spouse.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.179-189
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of eating habits, activities of daily living and health behaviors on oral health related-quality of life in elders. Methods: The sample consisted of 246 people 65 years or older. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, average standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. Results: The control variables such as gender, presence of a spouse, subjective health status, presence of chronic disease and existing number of teeth explained 14% (F=7.76, p<.001) of variance in oral health related-quality of life. The control variables, eating habits, activities of daily living and health behaviors collectively explained 20% of variance in oral health related quality of life. Conclusions: The factors that influence oral health related quality of life were presence of spouse presence factor, existing number of teeth and health behavior. Therefore, oral health related quality of life of elders requires the development of programs to boost the quality of life, and help the elderly people to maintain existing number of teeth by focusing on the variety of characteristics.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.471-477
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• 2003

Purpose. This cross-sectional survey research was undertaken to examine the degree of depression in post-menopausal women and to analyze the factors affecting that depression. Method. 325 people from public health center in Inchon were surveyed as the subject of this study. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires. Results. The above half of these sampled people were in depressed state (64.0%) and the mean score of depression was 12.71. There were significant differences in the depression state according to presence of spouse, economic level, exercise, and smoking. A positive correlation was found between depression and climacteric symptoms. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was climacteric symptom. Climacteric symptom, presence of spouse, smoking, and exercise accounted for 45 % of the variance in postmenopausal women's depression. Conclusion. Nurses are able to use these results to plan and implement nursing interventions for decreasing depression and consequent the improved quality of life in Korean postmenopausal women. Also, the nurses have to be more aware of the following groups; solitary women, low-income group and smokers, that they have higher mean score of depression.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.170-183
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• 2022

Purpose: This descriptive survey-based study aimed to identify the factors associated with obese adults' quality of life (QOL) using a secondary analysis of data collected through the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019). Methods: In this study, factors affecting the health-related quality of life of obese adults were analyzed by categorizing them into three independent variables: general characteristics, health behaviors, and mental health characteristics. Using t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), an analysis was performed to determine the differences in obese adults' QOL depending on their general characteristics, health behaviors, and mental health conditions. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify the factors that affect obese adults' QOL. Results: In obese adults' general characteristics, the risk factors for QOL were older age, male, lower-income level, presence of spouse, and occupation. With regard to health behaviors, the risk factors were lack of exercise. In terms of mental health conditions, the risk factors were stress and suicidal ideation. Conclusion: Obese adults' QOL was affected by age, sex, income level, absence/presence of a spouse, occupation, health behaviors (e.g., exercise), and mental health conditions (e.g., stress and suicidal ideation).

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors and the relative risk associated with admission of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The sample included one hundred twenty-eight patients with type II DM. Seventy-seven patients who were admitted within six months of a hospitalization to one hospital from the first of February to the 31st of August 2014, were compared with fifty-one patients who regularly attended an outpatient clinic and had no hospitalizations. Results: Hospitalization probabilities among patients who had only diet and exercise or took oral diabetic medication were 0.03 (p=.004) and 0.21 (p=.007) times independently lower than the ones with insulin injection. The risks for hospitalization increases 6.33 times if there is absence of a spouse (p=.027) whereas the presence of a spouse seems to make hospitalization less likely. The risk among the ones having diabetic complications was 5.15 times higher than ones having no recognition of the complications (p=.040). For every one point increase in self-efficacy and every 1 mg/dL increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, there was a 0.84 (p=.005) and a 0.96 (p=.036) decrease in hospitalization risk, respectively. Conclusion: Nurses should be sensitive to the risk groups of hospital admission among patients with DM including no spouse, insulin injection, diabetic complications, low self-efficacy, and low HDL cholesterol.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.165-180
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• 2003

The number of the functionally disabled elderly has been increasing in Korea and their families should have been in charge of supporting and taking care of them. This study was designed to grope for devices which were helpful to improve the psychological welfare of the functionally disabled elderly in the present situation. The results of this study were as follows: First, considering the level of psychological welfare of the functionally disabled elderly, the depression degree of the subjects was 52.9 which was higher than the middle point, 50. And the degree of family support the functionally disabled elderly were aware of, it also was high ; the score was 34.6 compared to the middle point, 33. On the other hand, the degree of public support that the functionally disabled elderly received was 2.01 which was lower than the middle point, 4.5. Second, the level of the depression of the functionally disabled elderly followed by background variables, the degree of agreement with family support, and public support represented significant differences among group according to religion, the type of previous occupation, the ownership of house, the type of residence, the presence of spouse, education level, and the source of income. Third, the relative influence toward the depression of the functionally disabled elderly was shown in the order of importance as follows: family support, the degree of functional disability, the ownership of house, public support, the presence of spouse, the source of income, the number of daughters, the degree of functional disablity.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.501-510
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• 2021

This study is a secondary data analysis study that analyzed the data of the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(2019) to identify factors that affect physical and mental health status according to the presence or absence of a spouse of the elderly. 𝜒² test, logistic and linear regression analysis were performed on 1,510 elderly aged 65 years or older. As a result of the study, general characteristics (gender, age, education level, household income) and health-related characteristics (smoking, drinking, and physical activity) were adjusted according to the spouse status. As a result, compared to those without a spouse, the probability of diagnosis of arthritis (OR=0.673, p=.010) and the Possibility of experiencing depression (OR=0.535, p=003) lower. It was confirmed that the quality of life was significantly higher (B=0.023, p=.040). The results of this study can be used as basic data to determine the factors that influence the health status of the elderly by existence of spouses.