• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.171-188
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of ongoing feedback from the professor in students' processes of learning and developing writing skills. Specifically, the researcher was concerned with how ongoing feedback affected students' attitudes towards writing because in EFL contexts, motivating students to write is a first step to engage them in a challenging journey of academic writing. 20 freshmen taking a writing course, "Paragraph & Essay Writing", at A university participated in this study and they were asked to complete the questionnaire at the end of the spring semester 2009. The results revealed that receiving ongoing feedback from the professor had a positive influence on affective domain, was helpful to develop learning strategies, and was valuable in learning outcomes. However, they also expressed negative opinions: feeling a burden, focusing on forms, and feeling confused. To reflect their opinions, the following four suggestions were made to create a more effective learning environment: promoting learner autonomy, facilitating individual writing conferences, giving balanced feedback in between form and content, and using judicious feedback through careful streaming.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2002

우리 일상생활에서 밀접하게 접하고 사용하고 있는 샤프펜슬에 사용편의성(쓰기 편한 정도)을 1.사용 전 보았을 때 예전 경험치로 직감적으로 느끼는 감, 2.직접 잡았을 때 느낌(착용감), 3.직접 종이 위에 쓰면서 느끼는 느낌 (필기감), 이 세 가지 주요평가항목으로 설정한 후 36개의 대표샘플을 가지고 실증적 실험방법으로 서로의 관계 및 직접 영향을 미치는 항목을 구체적으로 밝혔다. 본 연구에서는 사용편의성과 사용 전 보았을 때 예전 경험치로 직감적으로 느끼는 감의 항목에서는 서로는 높은 상관관계는 없었다. 이는 경험치에서 얻은 기대치가 실제로 사용에서는 기대치에 미치지 못하였기 때문이라고 판단한다. 사용편의성과 착용감, 필기감은 높은 상관관계를 가지고있었다. 이는 사용편의성에 있어 착용감과 필기감은 서로 밀접한 관계이기 때문이라고 판단한다. 사용편의성이 좋은 샤프펜슬은 구조적으로 전체길이가 길며(169mm), 굵기는 보통(8.5mm), 무게는 약간 무거운(21.4g), 중심은 야간 아래쪽인(60mm)에 위치하며, 단면형상은 정원이 아닌 변형형상이며, 손가락 접지부의 표면처리는 가로 홈이 나있는 것이고, 몸통은 광택이 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the writing styles and features of science writing by using science notebook for elementary school science gifted. The subject of this study was 37 sixth grade elementary school science gifted in P city. The preliminary 1 hour instruction was conducted to explain the usage of science notebook. The summarized activity using science notebook was conducted for 20 minutes following 4 hour lesson. These activities were performed for 8 times. As the result of this study, in The content which is learned today (main learning content)' which is one of components of science note, the writing appears the most frequently in external expression types and features of scientific writing, followed by writing+drawing, drawing, cartoon, writing+cartoon, mind map, table. Science writing which uses inductive thinking appears the most frequently in internal expression types and features of scientific writing, followed by deductive thinking, creative thinking. Among the components of science note, 'thinking and feeling', 'question,' 'one's own thinking of question' which are the components of science note promote the reflective thinking of elementary school student gifted for science.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2000

Hanji is a traditional handmade paper, which has been famous for its excellent qualities in strength, whiteness, gloss, and smooth feel in painting and writing in ancient Far East for many years. Nowadays, however, its old fame has declined and it has been used only in limited extent such as in traditional Korean brush painting and writing. In this study, 9 kinds of commercial handmade papers made in Korea, China, and Japan were collected and their printing and writing properties were evaluated by image analysis. Chinese handmade paper showed the best result in absorption area of China ink, the roundness and feathering of China ink blots, followed by Hanji. Abrasion coefficient of the Chineses papers was higher than that of the others, which was regarded to contribute to the difference in touch feeling of the writing brush on the papers. It was shown that absorption rate and blot area of China ink were increased by Dochim. Hanji which has recently been made by so called \"traditional method\" showed no quality difference from the modified Hanji.ied Hanji.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of study is to define the term Dong(動) in diagnosis view. Method : To define term Dong(動), I refer to Korean, Chinese, Japanese dictionary and Todo Yoshimasu (吉益東洞)'s writing, Yakucho(藥徵) Houkyoku(方極). Next, I search for the diagnosis definition of Dong(動) in 11 case reports. Results : The diagnosis definitions of Dong(動) are two meanings. One is objective symptoms which are doctor can examine, trembling, movement, etc. The other is subjective symptoms which are patient's feeling, emotional problems, etc. It seperates 6 meanings concretely. Conclusions: (1) visible moving of a focus, (2) movement of a focus, (3) appearance of abnormal secretion, (4) abnormal change of focus, (5) feel like moving, (6) change of emotion beyond patient's control. 1~4 are objective symptoms which are doctor can examine, and 5~6 are subjective symptoms which are patient's feeling.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.198-210
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• 2013

The purpose of this study investigates high school students' recognition and realities on the integrated science essay and is to suggest desirable direction of integrated science essay of how eduction. To this end, this paper was a questionnaire developed for use, it consists of the status, the writing skills and recognition of integrated science essay. Firstly, all grade students recognize the interest in integrated science essay class, but the need for third grade boys urgently was feeling. Second, STEAM class as a whole than average preference was. Third, integrated science essay was the most relevant, then was mathematics, languages, philosophy ethics, and social. Fourth, integrated science essay class with boys than girls in grade 1, science essay writing, reading science-related essay books, grammar, knowledge of the science and philosophy of science lessons, classes STEAM, read commentary essay reference all on the item, the higher affinity. Currently being implemented in integrated science essay test compared to the first, team teaching approach in schools project under one class teaches students how many teachers should be made. Second, it would require modifications of course content tailored to the preferences of female preference for science higher grade female students to disappear.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.182-200
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• 2004

Purpose: This study is to explore the essence of those lives who have been living with their mothers- in- law for more than 10years since their marriage by applying Van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological methodology. It consists of four steps such as concentration on the nature of lived experience, existential research, hermeneutic phenomenological reflection and hermeneutic phenomenological writing. Method: Six middle aged participants who have been living with mothers- in- law in middle size of cities were interviewed and observed with their written consent for one month from 20, April. 2000 to 20 May 2000. To expand insight by analyzing sayings, folks stories, writings, etymology of sigipsalee relevant to it were collected and reviewed. Result: Five essential themes were derived by repeated reviewing the transcription of those interview such as difficulty living with endless heart distress, feeling oppressed, feeling deeply lonely, having a stronger backing as time passes, in turn harmonizing with each other. On the basis of the five essential theme hermeneutic phenomenological writing was done as follow. Participants lived lives filled with uneasy feeling from the newly formed relationship among in laws but especially with mothers- in- law. Participants did their best to be acknowledged found that at a significant moment during family event they would be treated as strangers so that they felt isolated and alone. Mothers in laws played a dominant role in most of family decision even buying their children's clothes. Mother in laws rarely complemented them so that they felt inferior as a person. As time passes. Mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law become adjusted to this lifestyle with each other and assumed a more mature relationship which includes a mutual respect thus better harmony. Participants become to have stronger backing so that they express their opinion to mothers-inlaw. With time both of them are getting old, participants show form of pity to their mothers-in- law. Sometimes participant surprise themselves by noticing a change in their behavior to the same pattern Mothers-in-law have showed them. Conclusion: Although generalizations have limitations, findings resulting from the study will enrich family nursing knowledge and understanding the problems when living with mothers-in- law in the same house. It will give a cleared view of problems faced by middle aged korean women in the Korean patriarchal culture. Researchers have recommended to study experiences of married young adult korean women's generation and the findings compared with this study to show trends and changes.

• 한국노년학
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.559-576
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 집단 자서전쓰기가 노년기 자아통합과 우울 및 생활만족도에 미치는 효과를 탐색하고 참여자에게 일어나는 심리적 변화와 체험의 의미를 알아보려는 것이다. 이를 위하여 S시 시니어아카데미에서 실시한 집단 자서전쓰기에 참여한 20명의 집단원에게 주 1회 2시간씩 13주간 진행하였다. 단일 실험집단 사전사후 검사(자아통합감 척도, 한국판 노인우울 척도, 노인생활 만족도 척도)를 실시하였고 참여자 5명의 심층면접을 통하여 집단 자서전쓰기 후의 체험적 의미와 변화를 알아보았다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 참여자들은 자서전쓰기 과정을 통하여 지난날의 회한과 미해결 과제들에 대한 성찰을 하였고 자신을 사랑하고 감사하는 마음으로 미래의 삶을 설계 하며 자아통합이 높아졌다. 둘째, 매주 2쪽 분량의 글쓰기를 통한 생애회상은 우울감소에 영향을 주었고 자아실현에 대한 관심을 증가시켰다. 셋째, 참여자들은 여유를 갖게 되었고 마음의 평화를 얻게 되었다. 뭔가 해냈다는 뿌듯함과 희망적인 생각으로 생활만족도가 높아졌다. 그 외, 자서전쓰기의 효과는 개인보다는 집단 차원으로 하는 것이 더 크다는 것이 드러났다. 자서전을 써나가는 과정에서 집단원의 공감적인 피드백과 격려가 자신을 긍정적으로 볼 수 있도록 하는데 도움이 되었고 힘겨웠던 삶을 서로 격려할 수 있었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2016

최근 페이스북 같은 개방형 SNS에서 공감을 얻지 못하는 사람들이 점차 폐쇄형 SNS로 옮겨가는 현상이 나타나고 있다. 이러한 현상은 사람들의 무반응 또는 부정적인 반응에 대한 두려움 때문인 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 문헌연구와 설문조사를 통해 SNS의 활성화를 위해 공감표현을 돕는 디자인을 개발할 수 있도록 공감 표현에 영향을 주는 요인들을 분석하였다. 특히, 관계유지를 위한 목적으로 이용되는 카카오스토리에서 주 사용자인 30/40대 여성을 대상으로 공감 반응을 하는데 영향을 주는 요인과 공감 반응을 유발 시키는 사진의 유형을 밝히고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 댓글을 통한 공감표현은 주로 친분과 콘텐츠에 동일하게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 콘텐츠의 생산과 소비에 모두 적극적인 사용자들은 댓글을 남길 때 친분 보다 내용에 더 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다. 느낌 아이콘을 통한 공감표현은 주로 반응하는 사람의 상태에 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있었다. 전체적으로 공감 반응을 하고 싶은 사진의 유형은 영상미가 좋고 상황이 파악되는 사진으로 보여 졌다. 댓글을 남기고 싶은 사진의 유형은 주로 귀엽거나 밝고 긍정적인 사진으로 나타났다. 반면에 느낌 아이콘만 남기고 싶은 사진은 주로 시각적으로 세련된 이미지로 유추할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과들은 향후 공감 표현을 유도하고 강화하는 디자인 개발에 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument for adolescent's image about their father. The preliminary survey was performed for 318 adolescents in Seoul. It was a free-writing style survey for adolescent's image, feeling, and thoughts about their father. The main survey which included 121 contents were performed for 400 students in Seoul and finally 75 contents were selected by the results of factor analysis and contents validation. The contents were categorized into 10 sub-variables based on previous studies. 10 sub-variables are Father of mature character, Father who do love me, Father who is devoted to his parents, Father as a friend, Father as a counsellor, Father who is very domestic, Father who is exhausted with work, Father who is hard to be familiar for me, Father with financial competence, Father responsible for supporting the family. This study showed construct validity and concurrent evidence because the correlation among the sub-variables and total score were high.