• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2013

Due to the lack of available site in urban setting outdoor space in elementary schools are getting smaller and tend to be replaced by indoor spaces. Focusing on courtyard, piloti space and roof space, this study analyzed the current condition and usage of the outdoor spaces in the urban mini-schools based on the analysis of architectural drawing, interview, survey, and observation. Following issues are found for appropriate planning for outdoor spaces in the urban mini-schools. Firstly, roof space needs to be coordinated with the physical education and outdoor class curriculum and should be planned separately for quiet activities. Secondly, the piloti space should be planned as an independent space rather than a connection between classroom and outdoor space, with appropriate surveillance from teacher's space for the lower graders. Thirdly, courtyard space, typical space in urban mini school surrounded by densely arranged buildings, should be thermally controlled for outdoor class or resting with appropriate screen from noise to keep quiet atmosphere.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.85-92
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• 2005

Purpose： This study reviews the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) in the United States. This review focuses on the purposes, questionnaires, survey methods, and use of survey results. The author also discussesthe establishment and use of Korean Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Results：The YRBSS was developed in 1990 to monitor priority health risk behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of death, disability, and social problems among youth and adults in the United States. The purpose of YRBSS is to determine the prevalence of health risk behaviors, to assess the trend of health risk behavior prevalence, provide comparable data, monitor progress toward achieving the Healthy People 2010. The questionnaires inquire about health-related behaviors, including tobacco use, unhealthydietary behaviors, inadequate physical activity, alcohol and drug use, sexual activity, behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence. The results of YRBS have been used to estimate the prevalence of risk behaviors among youth, to set goals for school health programs, for training and development of health program personnel, for the development of health education curriculum, to support enactment of health-related regulations, and to support funding for futher research. Conclusions： The YRBSS represents a potentially valuable program that can be applied in Korea. Assessment of risk behaviors among Korean youths will provide invaluable insight for many potential purposes.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.422-433
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• 2020

Purpose: This study describes the development of a violence prevention educational program for elementary school children using empathy (VPEP-E) that teachers can use during class. Methods: Hoffman's theory of empathy and Seels and Richey's (1994) ADDIE model were applied to develop this program. Results: The developed program consisted of eight sessions: "Orientation/definition of violence and empathy", "Types and boundaries of violence", "Look into my feelings", "Say it with a facial expression", "Preventing non-empathic violence due to social prejudice", "Preventing physical violence", "Verbal and online violence prevention: empathic conversation", and "I can do well: review of the whole curriculum". The program was evaluated by 15 elementary school teachers, who considered it to be easily accessible to elementary school students. The final VPEP-E, which will be provided in eight times for 40 minutes each for fifth-grade students, will provide a basis for preventing violence by fostering empathy. Conclusion: We expect the developed educational program to be effective in preventing violence among elementary school students. However, further research involving children from various age groups is needed.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.78-91
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• 1998

This descriptive study was conducted in order to develop a standard criteria for nursing laboratory facilities and equipment for use by the 3 year nursing colleges. The data was collected from Aug. 28 to Sept. 30, 1997 by mail from 44 3 year nursing schools. To develop a standard criteria, the syllabi for Fundamentals of Nursing laboratory and for Physical Assessment were collected and analyzed. The following information was elicited and analyzed by the researchers : 1. for each procedure in the syllabus, the percentage of schools using the procedures 2. the facilities and equipment recognized as necessary and the percentage of schools which possess each item 3. calculation of the standard criteria for size of the nursing laboratory together with a list of the necessary facilities and equipment. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The Size of facility was 181.2m2 for fundamentals of Nursing laboratory and 56.4m2 for the storage room. For those whose number of students exceed 120, 1.98m2 is required for each students. 2. The number of items included in the standard criteria was 92 for Fundamentals of Nursing and Physical Assessment and 47 for other nursing subjects. The items made of rubber, plastic and the disposable ones were suggested but excluded from the standard criteria. Based on the above findings, the following suggestions were made : 1. Periodic review of the standard criteria is necessary to update the standard. 2. A study on the standardization of the curriculum for basic science laboratory, including experiment and a standard criteria of equipment, is necessary. 3. A study to develop a computer program for management of nursing laboratory facilities and equipment is needed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.77-93
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is two-fold. One is to provide the teachers of Home Economics with the basic reference data of the relevance between Home Economics and other subjects taught in the middle schools for the purpose of bringing out more efficient classroom teaching. The other is to help the teachers, the textbook writers, and the curriculum reformers improve the curricula of the middle school on the basis of this research. The conclusions drawn from this study are as follows: 1) The units of Human Development and Family Relationship should be taught with reference to Korean Language, Ethics, and Music. 2) The unit of Adolescence Development is dealt with in Physical Education and in Ethics as well, which seems to indicate that there was no interdisciplinary consideration and cooperation before/when the curricula were made. 3) The unit of Nutrition which appears in the first grade in Home Economics has a close relationship with the unit of Morphology and Physiology of Animals which appears in the second grade in Natural Science. It is thought that the interdisciplinary themes ought to be organized cooperatively among subjects for efficiency of study. 4) Since the unit of Clothing is not dealt with in the other subjects, ti can be developed in Home Economics on its own. 5) As the unit of Housing is closely related to Technology, it should be taught on the basis of Technology. 6) The textbooks of all subjects should be written based on the interdisciplinary research and cooperation. They should be organized in order not to overlap or repeat the same topic in the same level if it is not necessary.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8969-8974
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• 2014

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of health promoting lifestyle behaviour among medical students attending seven of the medical schools in Turkey. Materials and Methods: This crosssectional descriptive study was performed during the second semester of the first and last (sixth) years of study from March to May 2011. A questionnaire with two sections was specifically designed. The first section contained questions on demographic characteristics; the second consisted of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP) Scale. From a total of 2,309 medical students, 2,118 (response rate 91.7%) completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t, Anova, Tukey test and binary logistic regression analysis. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Erciyes University. Results: The mean age was $20.7{\pm}2.9$ years and it was found that 55.1% were men, 62.3% were in the first year. The overall prevalence of smoking was 19.1%, and for drinking alcohol was 19.4%. HPLP point averages of the first year students were $129.2{\pm}17.7$, and for last year $125.5{\pm}19.0$. The overall mean score for the HPLP II was $2.5{\pm}0.4$. They scored highest on the spiritual growth subscale ($2.9{\pm}0.5$), interpersonal relations ($2.8{\pm}0.5$), health responsibility subscale ($2.3{\pm}0.5$), nutrition subscale ($2.3{\pm}0.5$), stress management subscale ($2.3{\pm}0.4$), and the lowest subscale physical activity ($2.0{\pm}0.5$). It is established that student's grade, educational level of parents, economic status of family, marital status, smoking and general health perception of the students resulted in a significant difference in HPLP Scale total score average and the mean score of majority of subscales. There was no statistically significant difference between the total HPLP when evaluated for gender, chronic disease, alcohol drinking status and BMI. Conclusions: Based on these results, particularly in the curriculum of medical students in order to increase positive health behaviours including physical activity, health promotion issues, and giving more space to aim at behaviour change in these matters is recommended.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.51-66
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• 2001

The curriculum of integrated social studies is not conceptually established, but various forms pursuing so-called perfect integrated subject have appeared from elementary school to high school. But we cannot find out desirable integration in the elementary school though the apparent goal is to integrate all kinds of social concepts into one unit. The current method of integration has some problems over advantages people initially expected by integration. It is problematic in that students learn fragmental knowledges of geography without capturing the whole geographical concept structure or obtaining their own geographical viewpoint. Therefore, we purpose to reinterpret integration of social studies and reorganize the current textbook into the right direction under the assumption that simple mixture of knowledges is far from our goal of true integration. For this purpose, we suggest a new method for social studies as an integrated subject. Instead of providing knowledges unrelated to each other into one bundle, it helps students to see the real world in his own knowledge framework equipped with geographical viewpoint. The text we claim will show students that geography consists of three key concepts: physical environment, man and environment, and spatial structure. With this text, they will have an easy access to the relationships between key concepts and details, and between geographical concepts and similar concepts from other disciplines. The proposal contributes to both upcoming textbook development and classroom teaching by eliminating problems in the current social studies teaching.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

This study is with the subjects of 7 primary schools in Daejon City which opened after 2004 when the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development released the "Study of Developing the Manual for Safety and Plan of school facilities". This is to study the measures of improving or enhancing the safety criteria on the school facilities from the viewpoint of actual planning as well as of architectural planning through investigating and analysing the cause, the status and the type of negligent accidents by school which are occurring both directly and indirectly. Though the analysis of the examined contents shows there is no facility in primary schools not satisfying 'the criteria on safety maintenance of school facilities', the criteria is so comprehensive and general that its content is just itemized and the current criteria of facilities are not fit for the present situation because of the physical condition of the students in elementary, middle and high schools and the changing curriculum.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.193-196
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to clarify the distinct working areas of Certified Housing Environment Professional(CHEP) through the job analysis, to prepare the basic documentation required for a national official approval, and to provide the information of the curriculum organization for collegiate education on housing environment-related majors. Two previous reports, the qualifying system and performed in 2005 and 2009 by the qualification management committee under the Korean Housing Association, were foundation of this study. Two advisory council meetings were held, which are composed of 5 housing professionals and 11 professors working in housing environment-related departments. The results of the study were summarized as follows. The main jobs of CHEP were classified into six categories; the analysis, planning, service, residents' evaluation, social evaluation, and physical evaluation of the housing environment. CHEP can participate in the planning stage of architectural or interior design through the investigation of residents' perception and behaviors, and the analysis of socio-economic and life style trends. They also can play an important role in living supporting services of housing management area through the community program development, management and evaluation, which may bring about community vitalizations and social integrations. This study might need to finalize based on the affluent input of colleague.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.429-439
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• 2021

Background and objective: This study verified the physiological and psychological effects of plant fragrance therapy to analyze whether the therapy has a forest healing effect on maladjusted soldiers. Methods: This study was conducted from March 14 to May 31, 2020 according to the Green Camp curriculum for 2 weeks per recruit class. Thus, plant fragrance therapy was implemented twice each for three recruit classes. Each session of the program was carried out for 4 hours from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. The venue was the garden within the camp and the forest nearby. Forest healing activities using plant fragrances were led by 1 forest education specialist and 1 assistant. The effects of plant fragrance therapy for maladjusted soldiers were analzed analyzed by quantifying physiological and psychological changes through measuring brain waves and stress levels before and after the therapy. Results: As a result of analyzing BRQ and SQ to determine the physiological and psychological healing effect of plant fragrance therapy, both the left and right brain showed higher BRQ and SQ after the therapy with statistical significance. This indicates that plant fragrance therapy on maladjusted soldiers helped positively stabilize their negative psychological and behavioral dispositions, and stabilization of brain waves lowered physical and mental stress and improved self-regulation and immunity. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in ATO. This is the result of analyzing the stress-coping mechanism. Troubleshooting (t = -2.702, df = 61, p = .009), emotional remission (t = -2.173, df = 61, p = .034), pursuit of help (t = -3.286), df = 61, p = .002), and wishful thinking (t = -3.714, df = 61, p < .001) showed statistically significant results. Conclusion: Applying plant fragrance therapy to maladjusted soldiers positively stabilized their negative psychological and behavioral dispositions and helped their self-regulation. Thus, plant fragrance therapy has psychological and physical forest healing effect on maladjusted soldiers.