• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.145-167
• /
• 2000

Jiu Qi(九氣) was shown at Ju Tong Lun(擧痛論) in Shao Wen(素問) Huang Ti Nei Ching(黃帝內經), and is nine important factors that affect the function of human body. Jiu Qi concludes endogenous, exogenous, non-endo-exogenous factors. I do the bibliographical study on the Jiu Qi, the results were as follows; 1. The Qi of Jiu Qi has two opposite meanings. one is genuine vital energy(正氣), and the other is the factors causing abnormal state in vital energy. Jiu Qi is nine factors concluding coldness-heat(exogenous factors). six emotional factors(endogenous factor), overworking(non -endo-exogenous factor). 2. Anger may lead to abnormal rising of vital energy. Anger causes Qi of the liver to go perversely upward, and perverted flow of exuberant Qi of the liver lead to dysfunction of the spleen, so resulted in hematemesis, diarrhea, indigestion. 3. Joy can promote the harmony of vital energy and blood, so do the circulation of nutrient and defensive energy in physiological state. But an excessive joy may lead to the sluggishness of vital energy. 4. The lung keeps the pathway of air unconstructed, disseminates vital energy, cleanses the inspired air and keeps vital energy flowing downward. Sorrow affects on the function of the lung and the heart, so could result in obstruction of the circulation of nutrient and defensive energy. An excessive sorrow after stagnation may lead to the consumption of vital energy. 5. Fear makes vital energy and essence of the kidney sink to inward and downside, makes Yang-Qi can't go upward, so causes obstruction of triple wanner. An excessive fear can obstructs the ascending of Yang-Qi, so may lead to the abnormal falling of vital energy. 6. Coldness makes the sweat pore be contracted, so obstructs the circulation of triple warmer, causes sluggishness of defensive energy or Qi of the internal organ. 7. Heat makes the sweat pore be open, much amount of sweat is excreted with Yang-Qi, defensive energy, vital energy. Heat may consume vital energy. 8. Sudden fright affects on spirits of the heart and liver, causes disorder of the mental faculties and separation of blood and vital energy. Fright may lead to disorder of Qi. 9. Overwork concludes overfatigue and exhaustion caused by intemperance in sexual life. Overwork renders vital energy consumed, and hence results in lassitude and listlessness. 10. Thinking affects on the function of the heart and the spleen. Over thinking may lead to depression of vital energy. Through the bibliographical study on Jiu Qi, I got smallest amount of it, and this must be more investigated correlating with clinical study.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.101-106
• /
• 2008

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics and the improvement in the symptoms of the patients who showed improvement after the administration of Yeoldahanso-tang and Cheongpyesagan-tang. Methods: The patients whose Sasang Constitution were examined by an expert at six Oriental medical hospitals and three regional Oriental-medicine clinics, 89 showed a predetermined symptom improvement when Yeoldahanso-tang and Cheongpysagan-tang were administered to them from November 2007 to July 2008. The traits of the patients and the effects of their treatment were examined. Results and Conclusions: 1. There were about as many male patients as there were female patients, but 21.3% of the patients who were female and who were in their 40's showed the most improvement, which makes them the biggest category in this study. 2. The main syndromes in which the patients showed improvement were hemi-paralysis, vertigo, and headache, and the ordinary symptoms in which the patients showed improvement were diarrhea, fatigue, and dry mouth. 3. The average food intake of the patients was highest and their feces had intermediate hardness (semi-soft). 4. The amount of the patients' sweat was either high(38.2%) or appropriate(38.2%) and they showed a dislike of heat over coldness. 5. Among the diseases that the patients previously had, high blood pressure. The above results show that Yeoldahanso-tang and Cheongpyesagan-tang can be considered beneficial to females in their 40's and to stroke patients whose food intake is normal, whose sweat level is either copious or appropriate, who dislike heat and who are suffering from high blood pressure.

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.142-150
• /
• 2008

1. Objective The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics and the improvement in the symptoms of the patients who administrated Hyungbangjihwang-tang. 2. Methods We examined 793 case report forms(CRFs) from six oriental medical hospitals and three regional oriental medicine clinics. These CRFs are recorded from november 2007 to july 2008. All constitutions of cases were diagnosed not only by Sasang constitution experts but also through clinical experiences. The traits of the patients and the effects of their treatment were examined. 3. Results and Conclusion 1. The chief complaints in which the patients showed improvement were Headache, fatigue, lumbago, dyspepsia. 2. The ordinary symptoms in which the patients showed improvement were insomnia, fatigue, constipation, dyspepsia, headache. 3. The average food intake of the patients was normal(65.2%) and their feces had intermediate hardness (semi-soft). The color of their urine was either clear or yellow. 4. The amount of the patients' sweat was appropriate (39.1%) Their water intake was approximately normal, and they preferred drinking the cold water. 5. Among the diseases that the patients previously had chronic gastritis(19.6%) had the highest frequencies. 4. Conclusion: The above results show that Hyungbangjihwang-tang can be considered beneficial to headache, fatigue, lumbargo, insomnia, constipation, dyspepsia patients whose food intake is normal, whose sweat level is either appropriate, who prefer to drink cold water, and who are suffering from chronic gastritis.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.811-814
• /
• 2005

This clinical study is designed to find the characteristics of heat and cold according to Sasang Constitutions by using a statistical analysis. The study was conducted based on the questionnaire sheets and medical history (clinical data) of 1080 people registered at Sasang Constitution Information Bank (SCIB). The total number of people registered at SCIB was 1083; however, 3 Taeyangin's data were excluded in this study. The statistical analyses results on these data were: Most Taeumins have warm limbs, while Soeumins have cold ones. Taeumin, and Soyangin do not like hot weather, while Soyumin doesn't like coldness. As soeumins' body temperature is relatively lower than that of other constitutions, they tend to sleep tightly under blankets or comforters. Taeumin tend to drink more water because they sweat a lot; while Soeumin drink smaller amount of water because they sweat less. Both Taeumin, and Soyangin like cold food, but Soeumin liked hot food. Soeumin showed strong tendency for hot and cold food, while other constitutions displayed less inclination toward the certain temperature of food. Soeumin certainly had the remarkable response toward changes in heat and cold than other constitutions. The differences written above were proved to be meaningful enough by Chi-square test.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.113-125
• /
• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to report the improvement of patients with hyperhidrosis treated using Gyejigajagyak-tang based on the Shanghanlun provisions. Methods: Two patients were diagnosed with Greater-yin disease based on the 279^th provision of Shanghanlun, and Gyejigajagyak-tang was used to treat hyperhidrosis. The result was evaluated using the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale and Visual Analogue Scale. Results: An analysis of results of the two cases showed that the patients' conditions had improved. The amount of sweat produced was decreased in both cases. Conclusions: These results suggest that the medicines defined in Shanghanlun are clinically effective when Shanghanlun is properly interpreted, considering the origins of the Chinese characters in the text, and the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system is applied.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.329-337
• /
• 2023

Wearing the right sportswear is one of the essential points in exercising, which is mainly neglected. Sportswear should be suitable for the ambient temperature and not cause more heat or cold in the athlete's body. On the other hand, increased sweating and blood circulation during exercise should not cause fatigue or heatstroke in the athlete. Nanotechnology has grown significantly in the field of producing more efficient equipment in the field of sports. The increase in demand in sports for complete sports equipment has revealed the necessity of using the highest quality materials in this sector. In the world of championship sports, a minor change in equipment can lead to significant changes in causing failure and victory. Since the sole is the most critical part of sports shoes, with the introduction of nanotechnology and nanocomposites, it is possible to help athletes rush and increase their sense of calm and satisfaction. Using nanocomposites in the soles of shoes can improve some of their characteristics, prevent the smell and sweat of shoes, and induce water repellency in these shoes. In this research, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanocomposite, along with cellulose, has been used to create antibacterial and hydrophobic properties in the soles of sports shoes. The synthesized nanocomposite has been synthesized using the least amount of chemicals, which shows this method's easy and cost-effective synthesis.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.75-87
• /
• 2019

The purpose of the study was to suggest a cycle wear top jersey improved in mobility. The study developed a new cycle wear with improvement in dissatisfaction factors by planning design, pattern and the functionality of fabric. Considering the amount of sweat and the necessities of compression part, the basic material, the additional compression material, and the mesh material were arranged differently according to areas. The assessment of the developed cycle wear was composed of wearing comfort evaluation by female cyclist, photo analysis and garment pressure evaluation. The developed cycle wear was evaluated and compared with the current cycle wear. As a result of wearing comfort evaluation, the developed cycle wear was evaluated as better than the existing ones in all part, particularly in the areas of reflection tape and materials, partial pressure, pocket size, and prevention of loss. Photo analysis was in agreement with the appearance evaluation of the participants. As a result of garment pressure evaluation, the front neck part was more comfortable and the upper arm, abdomen, and waist area showed higher pressure, so it partially supported the body. This study has significant meaning for developing a new cycle wear top, protecting the body and improving the exercise effect.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제14권9호
• /
• pp.749-755
• /
• 2002

In order to develop a multi-type heat pump system with two indoor units of non-uniform capacities, the optimum refrigerant circuit was developed using capillary tubes. The refrigerant circuit was composed of four main parts, a heating circuit, a cooling circuit, a by-pass circuit and a balance circuit. The system characteristics of multi-type heat pump was investigated through the rating test and the reliability test, using the multi-type psy-chrometric calorimeter. The results of the rating test showed that the capacity of the multi-type heat pump was about 93% of the design value. In particular, the capacity of cooling single mode was about 13% higher than the design value, and the capacity of heating multi mode was about 5% higher than the design value. The reliability of the multi-type heat pump was verified by various reliability tests (overload, extension tube, freeze up, under/over charging, sweat, flood back). The optimal amount of refrigerant charge and compressor capacity were determined from the present work.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• 제59권3호
• /
• pp.373-378
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 땀에 존재하는 젖산을 연료로 사용하여 전기를 생산하는 웨어러블 연료전지용 고전력 젖산 산화효소 전극을 개발하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 유연성 있는 탄소종이 기반의 고정화효소 전극을 제작하고 평가하였다. 전해질 내 젖산농도 증가에 따라 젖산 산화효소(lactate oxidase, LOx)의 촉매작용으로 전류생성량이 증가하였다. 금 나노입자가 부착된 탄소종이에 고정화된 LOx가 탄소종이에 부착된 LOx보다 1.5배 많은 전류를 생성하였다. 빌리루빈 산화효소(bilirubin oxidase, BOD)가 고정화된 cathode는 질소로 퍼지(purge)된 전해질보다 산소로 포화된 전해질에서 높은 환원전류를 발생시켰다. 두 전극으로 구성된 연료전지를 제작하여 방전전류 변화에 따른 셀전압을 측정하였다. 방전 전류밀도 값이 66.7 ㎂/cm²에서 셀 전압은 0.5±0.0 V였고, 셀 전력량은 최대치인 33.8±2.5 ㎼/cm²를 나타내었다.

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.34-45
• /
• 2004

1. Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate constitutional ordinary and pathological symptoms differences among each constitutional groups of stroke in-patients. 2. Methods 101 stroke in-patients(Soyangin(SY) $n^{a)}=52$, Taeumin(TE) n=39, Soeumin(SE) n=10) hospitalized at Kyung-Hee Oriental medical center from Nov. 2003 to Sept. 2004 were investigated through questionnaire which consists of 18 parts, 289 questions(156 questions concerned ordinary symptoms and 133 pathological symptoms). The answers were analyzed statistically in order to find the questions which represent the significant differences among each constitutional groups. ( a) number of patients) 3. Results As for the ordinary symptoms, majority of the Soyangin group replied that they experienced "frequent dreams during sleep" and "scarce constipation". Majority of the Taeumin group affirmed to "dark redness of face", "dry nose", "low intolerance of heat", "good appetite and digestion", and "frequent overeating experiences". Majority of the Soeumin group affirmed to "pale face", "insomnia", "frequent constipation", "poor appetite and digestion", "small amount of diet", "slow eating", "fond of warm or hot water", and "easily tired(especially after sweating)". As for the pathological symptoms, majority of the Taeumin group affirmed to "frequent optic fatigue", "frequent tinnitus", "frequent bitter mouth", "fond of cold water", "flatulent", "stuffiness in the navel area", "irregular stool habits", "frequent constipation", "large amount of sweat", and "frequent rigidity of neck". Majority of the Soeumin group affirmed to "bad appetite", "fond of warm or hot water", "drink small amount of water", "sensitive during sleep" and "frequent heavy head". 4. Conclusions Through this study, We found statistically significant questions distinguishing the characteristics of each constitutional group.