• 제목/요약/키워드: the State Role

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Timing of Sexual Behaviors among Female Adolescents of Mexican-Origin: The Role of Cultural Variables

  • Espinosa-Hernandez, Graciela;Bamaca-Colbert, Mayra Y.;Vasilenko, Sara A.;Mirzoeff, Charlotte A.
    • Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.159-173
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    • 2013
  • We examined the associations between Latino cultural variables and four sexual behaviors among female adolescents of Mexican origin. Participants ages 14 to 19 (N = 153; 70% born in the U.S) completed surveys about four sexual behaviors (making out, receiving and performing oral sex, and vaginal sex) and cultural variables (nativity, language use, familism, and importance of female virginity). Findings indicated that participants who were born in the U.S. were less likely to have engaged in making out and vaginal sex than participants born in Mexico. Participants reporting stronger familism were less likely to have engaged in making out and oral sex than participants reporting less familism. For all behaviors, placing a greater value on female virginity was associated with lesser odds of engaging in that behavior. This study expands our understanding of the role of nativity and Latino values in the sexual behaviors of Mexican-origin female adolescents.

An Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotide to the LH Receptor Attenuates FSH-induced Oocyte Maturation in Mice

  • Yang, Jiange;Fu, Maoyong;Wang, Songbo;Chen, Xiufen;Ning, Gang;Xu, Baoshan;Ma, Yuzhen;Zhang, Meijia;Xia, Guoliang
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제21권7호
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    • pp.972-979
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    • 2008
  • It has been recently shown that expression of the LH receptor (LHR) in cumulus cells is related with FSH-induced meiotic resumption of mouse cumulus enclosed oocytes (CEOs). However, to date, it is still unclear whether LHR expression in cumulus cells plays a key role during FSH-induced oocyte maturation. The purpose of this study was to characterize the functional role of LHRs in cumulus cells. CEOs were isolated from eCG-primed preovulatory follicles and cultured in hypoxanthine (HX) arrested medium. LHR protein expression in cumulus cells was time-dependent increasing during the process of FSH-induced oocyte maturation. While the sense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) had no effect, antisense ODN inhibited FSH-induced LHR expression and meiotic resumption. Moreover, this antisense ODN against LHR could inhibit FSH-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. This study suggested that LHR expression in cumulus cells is involved in FSH-induced oocyte meiotic resumption, which process is possibly regulated by MAPK cascade.

FADD Phosphorylation Modulates Blood Glucose Levels by Decreasing the Expression of InsulinDegrading Enzyme

  • Lin, Yan;Liu, Jia;Chen, Jia;Yao, Chun;Yang, Yunwen;Wang, Jie;Zhuang, Hongqin;Hua, Zi-Chun
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제43권4호
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    • pp.373-383
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    • 2020
  • Our previous study revealed a novel role of Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD) in islet development and insulin secretion. Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) is a zinc metalloprotease that selectively degrades biologically important substrates associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The current study was designed to investigate the effect of FADD phosphorylation on IDE. We found that the mRNA and protein levels of IDE were significantly downregulated in FADD-D mouse livers compared with control mice. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that FADD regulates the expression of IDE at the transcriptional level without affecting the stability of the mRNA in HepG2 cells. Following treatment with cycloheximide, the IDE protein degradation rate was found to be increased in both FADD-D primary hepatocytes and FADD-knockdown HepG2 cells. Additionally, IDE expression levels were reduced in insulin-stimulated primary hepatocytes from FADD-D mice compared to those from control mice. Moreover, FADD phosphorylation promotes nuclear translocation of FoxO1, thus inhibiting the transcriptional activity of the IDE promoter. Together, these findings imply a novel role of FADD in the reduction of protein stability and expression levels of IDE.

동아시아 맥락에서 바라본 한국에서의 위험경관의 생산 (The Production of Riskscapes in the Korean Developmental State: A Perspective from East Asia)

  • 황진태
    • 대한지리학회지
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.283-303
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    • 2016
  • 울리히 벡(Ulrich Beck)의 위험사회 개념은 위험을 둘러싼 공간적인 감수성이 부족하면서 특정 위험이 발생하고, 전개되고, 다면적으로 인지되는 역동적인 측면들이 누락되는 한계를 지니고 있다. 이에 대한 대안적 접근으로 벡의 위험사회론을 공간적으로 발전시킨 데틀레프 뮐러만(Detlef $M{\ddot{u}}ller$-Mahn)의 위험경관(riskscape) 개념을 소개하고, 이 개념을 동아시아의 맥락에서 이론화를 시도한다. 동아시아 발전주의 국가론의 핵심적인 전제는 적극적인 '국가의 역할(the role of the state)'을 주문한다는 점이다. 하지만 동아시아의 경제성장 및 근대화 과정에서 국가의 역할이 두드러졌다는 사실은 벡의 용어를 빌리자면 경제성장과 근대화의 댓가로 원자력 발전소와 같은 '만들어진 위험들(manufactured risks)'의 형성에 국가가 깊숙이 연루되었음을 의미한다. 따라서 동아시아 근대화와 위험사회화를 이해하기 위해서는 국가에 대한 분석이 긴요하다. 보다 구체적으로, 한국의 원전입지정책을 사례로 1) 단기간에 동아시아 경제성장을 효과적으로 추진하기 위하여 지배적 사회세력이 지역의 위험은 축소하고, 경제성장의 가치를 지역의 위험보다 우선시하는 국가적 차원의 위험경관을 형성하였음을 밝히고, 2) 또한 다양한 우발적 계기들(정치적 민주화 혹은 대규모 재난의 발생 등)에 의하여 다른 사회세력들이 생산한 위험경관들이 기존의 국가적 차원의 위험경관과 대립할 수 있음을 확인한다.

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A University's Role for Regional Innovation: Arizona Universities' Contribution to Regional Economic Growth

  • Kim, Joochul
    • World Technopolis Review
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.79-86
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    • 2015
  • Over the last two decades, interest increased with regard to how some research universities made direct impacts on surrounding regional economic activities and growth. Although the role of basic research for most research universities has remained strong, pressure has intensified to broaden its missions to include helping local and regional economic development efforts. Consequently, many research universities have evolved their basic scientific research mission from the production of scientific knowledge to the sharing and exchange of knowledge with local industries by actively engaging in local economic development (Uyarra 2010). Previous examination has shown that most research universities contribute to local and regional economic development by various functions they provide. They are as follows: Creation of Knowledge, Human-capital creation, Transfer of existing know-how, Technological innovation, Capital investment, Regional leadership, Knowledge infrastructure production and Influence in regional milieu (Drucker and Goldstein 2007). This paper will review the existing literature on the role of universities and its impacts on local regional economic growth and development. In addition, this paper will show how two major research universities (The University of Arizona and Arizona State University) have contributed to the growth of Arizona during last two decades. It is believed that the existence of these two research universities have been instrumental in making industries more diverse and highly attractive, particularly in the Phoenix Metropolitan Area.

Proto-Role Theory and the Accusative Case Marker ul/lul in Korean

  • Lee, Sun-Hee
    • 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.81-120
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    • 1998
  • The case marking phenomenon in Korean is closely related to semantic entailment and should be studied as an interface between syntax and semantics. Assuming a direct mapping between syntactic realization and semantic information, this study investigates the role of the accusative marker ul/lul in Korean, and explores the semantic constraints working on the argument realization on the basis of proto-roles hypothesis. Specifically, I will study various types of case alternations in Korean and clarify the role of the accusative marker ul/lul, which manifests the distinction between direct object NPs and oblique NPs.

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A ROLE OF SINGLETONS IN QUANTUM CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREMS

  • Accardi, Luigi;Hashimoto, Yukihiro;Obata, Nobuaki
    • 대한수학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.675-690
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    • 1998
  • A role of singletons in quantum central limit theorems is studied. A common feature of quantum central limit distributions, the singleton condition which guarantees the symmetry of the limit distributions, is revisited in the category of discrete groups and monoids. Introducing a general notion of quantum independence, the singleton independence which include the singleton condition as an extremal case, we clarify the role of singletons and investigate the mechanism of arising non-symmetric limit distributions.

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에스핑-앤더슨의 복지국가체제를 중심으로 한국형 복지국가의 준거 틀에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Frame of Reference of the Korean Welfare State Model Focusing on Esping-Anderson's Wel fare State Regime)

  • 정현경
    • 산업진흥연구
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.43-49
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구는 에스핑-앤더슨의 복지국가체제론을 연구하여 한국의 실정에 맞는 복지국가의 모형을 개발하여 이를 현실에 적용하고자 한다. 본 연구방법에 있어서 기본적으로 이데올로기를 연구 분석하고 이를 에스핑-앤더슨의 복지국가체제론을 중심으로 하여 이를 한국적 상황에 알맞게 적용하는 방법을 사용하고 있다. 복지국가의 모형에 관한 연구는, 1965년 윌렌스키와 르보에 의해 주장된 보완적 모형과 제도적 모형의 분류 이후에 다양한 모형들이 연구되고 있다. 또한 에스핑-안데르센은 이데올로기에 따른 복지국가의 모형으로 세 가지를 주장하고 있는 데, 첫째, 자유주의 복지체제는 고전적 자본주의의 모습에 가장 잘 부합하는 데에는 시장 역할이 중심적이며, 시장을 통한 개인주의적 연대에 방해가 될 수 있는 국가 또는 가족의 역할은 실제로 주변화 되어 있다. 또한 시장을 통한 개인주의적 연대에 대해 최대한 장려하기 위해서는 국가영역에서의 탈상품화는 최소화 경향으로 흐르고 있다. 둘째, 보수주의적 복지체제는 가족주의적 요소가 강해서 사회적 연대의 근원은 가족이며, 국가는 이 가족의 특성을 지원, 보완하는 역할을 한다. 보수주의적 체제에서 탈상품화가 가구주에게 높게 나타나거나, 복지제도가 조합주의적이고 국가주의적 형태를 띠는 것은 이러한 특성을 반영한 결과라고 할 수 있다. 셋째, 사회민주주의적 복지체제는 사회적 연대의 근원이 국가이다. 따라서 국가 역할이 크고, 국가는 탈상품화 가능성이 높으며, 보편주의적 개입에 의해서 가족과 시장에 대한 대체 특성을 갖는다. 본 연구는 에스핑-앤더슨의 3가지 복지국가의 모형을 적용하여 한국 실정에 알맞은 모형을 연구한 것이다. 결론적으로 에스핑-앤더슨의 3가지 복지국가의 모형은 자유주의적 복지체제에 기반한 시장 중심적 모형, 보수주의적 조합주의 복지체제에 기반한 지위 중심적 모형, 사회민주주의적 복지체제에 기반한 연대 중심적 모형으로 분류할 수 있으며, 한국형 모델로는 자유주의와 보수주의의 절충형을 제시하였다.

E-Manufacturing 환경에서의 시뮬레이션의 역할 (Simulation-It's Expanding Role in E-Manufacturing)

  • 캔 애블링;이성열
    • 산업공학
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    • 제16권spc호
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    • pp.82-86
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    • 2003
  • This paper traces the expanding role of simulation from its early beginning on mainframe computers to the $21^{st}$ Century's enterprise manufacturing environment of remote access and control. It includes an examination of the current and future role of integrated graphic animation as a primary medium of technical communications. The paper concludes with an example application of distance learning in the design, analysis, and operation of Programmable Logic Controllers on the Factory Floor of the future.