• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.38
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• pp.129-156
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• 2005

Increasing discovery cases of underground storage facilities made of earth, wood, or stone are being reported from the recent excavation survey of the Baekje relics. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to examine the structure and function of the underground storage facilities of Baekje following a classification made by the type and building method as follows: plask shape, wooden box shape, and stone box shape. The plask shape storage is the most representative underground storage of Baekje that has been found in numerous relics more than 600 sets around Hangang(Han River) and Geumgang(Geum River) from the Hansung period to Sabi period in Baekje Dynasty. It is a historical artefact as a part of the unique storage culture of Baekje around Hangang and Geumgang from the 3rd to 7th Century. Considering its structure and the example of Chinese one, it might had been used for a long-term storage of grains and various other items including earth wares. The storage facility in wooden box shape and stone box shape are found mostly in the relics Of Sabi period. Thus it might had taken some functions of the storage in traditional pouch shape which had decreased after the 6th Century. In particular, the wooden box shape and stone box shape storage required enormous labor force to build owing to their structure and building method. Thus, they were considered to had been used for official purposes in province fortress and citadel artefact. The wooden box shape storage facility is classified into flat rectangular type and square type based on the structure, and into Gagu type(架構式) and Juheol type(柱穴式) based on the building method. It might had been decided according to the geography and geological feature of the place where the storage was to be built. Considering the examples of Gwanbuk-ri relics and Weolpyong-dong relics, the wooden box shape storage facility might had been used for various items depending on the needs, including foods such as fruits and essential provisions at the military base. Considering the long-term food storage, the examples in Japan, and the functional characteristics of the underground storage facility, there is a possibility that the wooden and stone box shape storage facilities had been built so as to safely store important items in case of fire. This study is only a rudimentary examination for the storage facility in Baekje. Thus further studies are to be made specifically and comprehensively on the comparison with other regions, distribution pattern, discovered relics and artefacts, and functions.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2016

When the castle of the city was destructed from 1911 through 1915 in Cheongju, the city's spatial structure was reorganized and "Han-ok Housing", a dwelling site filled with Korean traditional houses, was newly formed around the former castle site. These days, the Han-ok housing in Seoun-dong, Cheongju in which elderly couples and senior citizens live is enclosed by modernized roads and three or four-story buildings, leaving the housing as an isolated island in the city block. Nonetheless, the Han-ok housing not only plays an important role in sustaining the historic and local identity of the city, but also offers environmental benefits in terms of daylighting and ventilation. The purpose of this study is to reorganize the housing suitable for those who currently live and recreate it by adding new functionality. Consequently, three strategies are established; the conservation of existing building through the improvement of existing facilities; the conversion of vacant buildings into a new use; and the creation of the urban mid-rise Han-ok housing at street sides. The first strategy has a significance in that the traditional building's single wing plan, small room sizes and lack of storages now cause great inconvenience for current life style. The second strategy also promotes the practical use of abandoned buildings through alterations and additions. Finally, the creation of the urban mid-rise Han-ok housing that is accomplished by the combination of reinforced concrete and wooden structure interacts with or respond to the city's development. As a result, this study for the adaptive reuse of Han-ok housing proves how the traditional properties can be maintained in a careful manner and how its creative reuse can be achieved.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.17-23
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• 2013

Song I-Yeong (1619 ~ 1692), who was an astronomy professor of Gwansanggam (觀象監, Bureau of Astronomy), created the Honcheonsigye (渾天時計, Armillary Clock) in 1669 (10th year of King Hyeonjong Era). Honcheonsigye was a unique astronomical clock which combined an armillary sphere, the traditional astronomical instrument of the Far East, with the power mechanism of western alarm clock. The clock part of this armillary clock is composed of two major parts which are the going-train, power unit used the weight, and the time signal system in a wooden case. The time signal system is composed of four parts which are the time-annunciator, the striking train, the 12 different time-announcing medallions and the sound bell. This clock has been neglected for many years and its several components have been lost. This study is to understand the structure of time signal system and suggests the restoration process.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.111-121
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• 2006

The objective of the study is to derive the quantitative result and method from the solar simulation on the traditional architectonic control methods and their effects for the sunshine on Ddeuljip in Northern Area of Kyongsang-Bukdo Province, Korea. The Ddeuljip(rectangular-shaped housing plan having an inner court) has distinctive form to introduce plentiful sunshine deep inside to the house in spite of disadvantageous condition resulted from the structure of traditional housing composition, that is, Ickrang(linkage block connecting buildings). From the research on the Ddeuljip, following results were derived: First, in the plan the sunshine environment was improved by placing the master bedroom on the right diagonally, or projecting it toward the Ickrang when there isn't enough space for the inner court and the Daechung(wooden floored main hall). Second in the elevation specific sunshine control methods were developed by increasing the height of the master bedroom, reducing the eaves of south elevation, or differentiating the height of ceiling structure gradually.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.190-197
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• 2008

Weaving design which is to be designed based on the machine words threading and treading is characterized by its strong limitation of expression. The concept of design has been set based on the patterns on the wooden rice-cake mold which arechosen from many Korean traditional patterns since the expressions of patterns limited by the wooden rice-cake mold is easy to be grafted upon each other. Particularly, literal patterns and geometrical patterns contain religious desire and wishes that are generated from man's fear and wonder about Nature rather than from the pursuit of beauty which is general characteristics of patterns. Based on these images, the twill technique, especially threading of Sally Nielson's rosepath which is easy in formal expressions is used to design Korean style patterns into the weaving structure. It is hoped that this study will provide an opportunity to introduce Korean style patterns to the weavers of the world and that the weaving designs will actively be utilized in the Korean industries so that they can acquire high value-added assets and commercialize our superior culture, thus being of great help to developing our cultural industr.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 1995

This study aims 1) to estimate the form of living house of pre-urbanization of Inchon, and 2) to ensure originality of to be achieve urban plan and living space plan which is base on local character by 3) arranging changed character of living space through the urbanization sequence by invest of house in natural village at Pupyung. The character of arranging living space of house at Pupyung is placing Sarang-chae(husband's block of house) instead of making another Haenrang-chae (visitor's block of house) and Sarang-chae is attach importance to Man's living space but today, have disappearing the uses of Sarang-bang (husband's living space) because by Man lives An-bang(originally woman's space). The character of plan is arranging room in both side of Maru(wooden living floor) in spite of different structure, and the uses of plan or room is changing to fit to purpose of according to environment of living. Generally, the structure is made by natural stone and cubed column, and used smaller member cause by rare wood material.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.8 no.3 s.20
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• pp.23-38
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to analogize the appearance of Korean Ancient Architecture in view of the Stone Remains from 3 Kingdom Period to Unificated Shilla Period. But in these period, there is no building remains but some stupas and fine arts. Especially, there are many architectural appearance and revealing signature in these Historical Stone remains. Architectural elements which are analogized by stone remains what has value as historical materials by preservation of original form from 3 Kingdom Preiod to Unificated Shilla Period are as follows : 1) Platform, the representative characteristic of Korean traditional architecture, was frame structure and accumulate structure. And circular or square footing stood a same shape column on it is put on the platform. 2) In the case of column, there used entasis column and inclined column and circular chamfer technique was applied on the top side of it. Upper side of column, capital and head pentrating tie that small bearing block was put on the center of it was joined. And longitu야nal rest(長舌) supported a cross beam. Capital and small bearing block had no bottom heel, and heel side was curved and straight. Centered bracket structure was often used, and multi bracket structure is not used yet. Inward incline technique was used. 3) Inward opening pair door which had lintel, threshold, doorjamb was usually used, Fixing stone was used for structural safety, and circular handle and lock was used for decoration. Handrail was used on the edge of wooden floor for decorative effect and safety. 4) Square rafter and circular rafter were used in the same period and so did flying rafter. Double eaves and single eave were used in the same period but, single eave was usually used. In this period, square rafter was usually used. This would be studied more by comparing with Japanese wooden architecture. 5) Hipped roof was used and half-hipped roof was not used yet. In front of th hip, there are small sculpture called Jap-Sang(雜像), and windbell was hang on the end of the hip rafter. Concave roof tile, convex roof tile, round eaver tile, decorative tile at end of roof ridge were used. Lotus style was well used on the face of roof tile for decoration. From the results of this study, wooden architecture of Unificated Shilla period was simple compare to Koryo dynasty and Chosun dynasty but, it had some brilliant character. It was hard work that analogized the form of non-existent wood architecture of Ancient Korean period by restricted stone remains. But, in addition to the results of this study and research of old documentations, more study should be go on.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.318-328
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• 2011

This paper suggests a comprehensive method to describe architectural components for supporting Korean Traditional Building design with only small components set in CAD system. Korean traditional buildings can be classified variously based on the their size, usage and structure type(whether ornament part, namely Gongpo, is in there or not). Moreover components can be varied according to the combining rule between them. If all of these components are presented, these tremendous components rather prevent the efficient design of traditional buildings. In order to solve this problem we present object-oriented approach to describe versatile components as one template if they are same in functional aspects. From the template, many similar instances can be derived according to the attribute value. The templates are designed in order to reflect the coupling scheme between components in the relative parameters of the templates. It leads effects of minimizing error which can be occurred frequently in the process of traditional building design.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.42-54
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• 1998

This study aims to analyze needs for living space of residents in a farming retirement community In this study a survey was performed about desire for living space and aesthetic aspects of housing environment. Results of the study are as follows; 1. Most residents desire permanently formed dwelling unit rather than assembled temporary structure so that they comfortable in noise-prevented space. 2 The retirement community residents do not desperately prefer individually separated room because open space provides better observsation function for emergencies. 3. They hope their dwelling units are grouped like regular neighborhood and the units have traditional designs such conventional kitchen and sink and wooden floor. Finally in this study it is proposed that Korean rural retirement community be established with maximum use conventional dwelling resources so that the residents benefit old fashioned living tradition even in the recently moved retirement society.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.148-157
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• 1999

As cultural Heritages are source of the national history and a life transition, their extinction is a fatal shock as result of cutoff the genealogy of the creative national spirit. So, we have necessarily to protect them, and to get the duty and the responsibility which the cultural inheritance hands over tnem to descendants with preserving and meaning safely at present time. In these days, the risk of fire in the Cultural Heritages building is increased because of rash changing environments from the indiscreet development of them. Accordingly, in order to get the original transmission of the Cultural Heritages, this paper involves being intensive the fire safety information of the Cultural Heritage in kyonggi-do province, analyzing their diagnoses, and studying a Fire Safety Prevention Management model to protect and to maintain them continuously. Therefore, it is to contribute from this approach to collecting fire safety information, analyzing diagnostic problems in fire accidents, and to manage the prevention method for protecting and maintaining the Cultural Heritages.